Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-tf8b9 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-23T06:34:25.128Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

The effects of feed intake and purified cellulose on the endogenous ileal amino acid flow in growing pigs

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 March 2007

S. Furuya  and
Y. Kaji
S. Furuya
Affiliation:
Department of Animal Production, Kyushu National Agricultural Experiment Station, Nishigoshi, Kumamoto 861-11, Japan
Y. Kaji
Affiliation:
Department of Animal Production, Kyushu National Agricultural Experiment Station, Nishigoshi, Kumamoto 861-11, Japan
Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Core share and HTML view are not available for this content. However, as you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button.

The effects of level of feed intake (0.8, 1.2 and 1.6 kg/d) and body-weight of the pig (49 and 92 kg) in Expt 1, and dietary neutral-detergent fibre (NDF; 30, 60, 90, 120 and 150 g/kg) in Expt 2 on the endogenous ileal flow of amino acids (AA) and nitrogen were studied with protein-free diets into which purified wood cellulose was incorporated at the expense of maize starch. In Expt 1, one of the protein-free diets containing 90 g NDF/kg was used. Female pigs were fitted with a simple ‘T’ cannula at the terminal ileum. In Expt 1, the endogenous ileal AA and N flow, expressed as g/kg dry matter (DM) intake, decreased significantly (P < 0.05) with increasing DM intake, except for proline. By contrast, the values expressed as g/d remained constant. There was no significant difference in endogenous ileal flow (P > 0.05) between initial body-weights of 45 and 90 kg except for histidide, isoleucine, phenylalanine, threonine, valine and serine, in which the ileal flow determined at the higher body-weight was significantly higher (P < 0.05). In Expt 2, the effects of dietary cellulose levels on the endogenous ileal flow of AA and N were not significant (P > 0.05), although the values tended to increase as dietary cellulose levels increased for most AA and for N. It is concluded that the daily endogenous ileal flow of AA and N remains relatively similar at different DM intake and cellulose levels. Therefore, correction of apparent ileal digestibility of AA and N to the true ileal digestibility should be made with the endogenous ileal flow values expressed on a daily amount basis, not the values expressed on a DM intake basis

Keywords

Amino acidsEndogenous ileal flowPig
Type
Nutritional Effects of Complex Carbohydrates
Information
British Journal of Nutrition , Volume 68 , Issue 2 , September 1992 , pp. 463 - 472
Copyright
Copyright © The Nutrition Society 1992

References

REFERENCES

Armstrong, D. G. & Mitchell, H. H. (1955). Protein nutrition and the utilization of dietary protein at different levels of intake by growing swine. Journal of Animal Science 14, 49–68.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Association of Official Analytical Chemists (1975). Official Methods of Analysis, 12th ed. Washington, DC: Association of Official Analytical Chemists.Google Scholar
de Lange, C. F. M., Sauer, W. C., Mosenthin, R. & Souffrant, W. B. (1989 a). The effect of feeding different protein-free diets on the recovery and amino acid composition of endogenous protein collected from the distal ileum and feces in pigs. Journal of Animal Science 67, 746–754.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
de Lange, C. F. M., Sauer, W. C. & Souffrant, W. B. (1989 b). The effect of protein status of the pig on the recovery and amino acid composition of endogenous protein in digesta collected from the distal ileum. Journal of Animal Science 67, 755–762.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Drake, A. P. (1990). The development of an in vitro system for predicting nutrient digestibility in feeds for pigs. PhD Thesis, University of Aberdeen.Google Scholar
Fenton, T. W. & Fenton, M. (1979). An improved procedure for the determination of chromic oxide in feed and feces. Canadian Journal of Animal Science 59, 631–634.Google Scholar
Furuya, S. & Kaji, Y. (1989). Estimation of the true ileal digestibility of amino acids and nitrogen from their apparent values for growing pigs. Animal Feed Science and Technology 26, 271–285.Google Scholar
Furuya, S. & Kaji, Y. (1991). Additivity of the apparent and true ileal digestible amino acid supply in barley, maize, wheat or soya-bean meal based diets for growing pigs. Animal Feed Science and Technology 32, 321–331.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Furuya, S., Nagano, R. & Kaji, Y. (1986). True ileal digestibility of crude protein and amino acids in protein sources as determined by a regression method for growing pigs. Japanese Journal of Zootechnical Science 57, 857–870.Google Scholar
Furuya, S., Takahashi, S. & Omori, S. (1974). The establishment of T-piece cannula fistulas into the small intestine of the pig. Japanese Journal of Zootechnical Science 45, 42–44.Google Scholar
Green, S., Bertrand, S. L., Duron, M. J. C. & Maillard, R. A. (1987). Digestibility of amino acids in maize, wheat and barley meal, measured in pigs with ileo-rectal anastomosis and isolation of the large intestine. Journal of Science of Food and Agriculture 41, 29–43.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Haydon, K. D., Knabe, D. A. & Tanksley, T. D. Jr (1984). Effects of level of feed intake on nitrogen, amino acid and energy digestibilities measured at the end of the small intestine and over the total digestive tract of growing pigs. Journal of Animal Science 57, 717–724.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Holmes, J. H., Bayley, H. S., Leadbeater, P. A. & Horney, F. D. (1974). Digestion of protein in small and large intestine of the pig. British Journal of Nutrition 32, 479–489.Google Scholar
Kies, A. K., Moughan, P. J. & Smith, W. C. (1986). The apparent and true ileal digestibility of nitrogen and amino acids in lactic casein for the growing pig. Animal Feed Science and Technology 16, 169–178.Google Scholar
Laplace, J. P., Darcy-Vrillon, B., Pérez, J. M., Henry, Y., Giger, S. & Sauvant, D. (1989). Associative effects between two fibre sources on ileal and overall digestibilities of amino acids, energy and cell-wall components in growing pigs. British Journal of Nutrition 61, 75–87.Google Scholar
Leibholz, J. (1982). The flow of endogenous nitrogen in the digestive tract of young pigs. British Journal of Nutrition 48, 509–517.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Low, A. G. (1982). Digestibility and availability of amino acids from feedstuffs for pigs: a review. Livestock Production Science 9, 511–520.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mason, V. C., Just, A. & Bech-Anderson, S. (1976). Bacterial activity in the hind-gut of pigs. 2. Its influence on the apparent digestibility of nitrogen and amino acids. Zeitschrift fur Tierphysiologie, Tierernahrung und Futtermittelkunde 36, 310–324.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Mitchell, H. H. (1924). A method of determining the biological value of protein. Journal of Biological Chemistry 58, 873–903.Google Scholar
Sauer, W. C., Just, A. & Jorgensen, H. (1982). The influence of daily feed intake on the apparent digestibility of crude protein, amino acids, calcium and phosphorus at the terminal ileum and overall in pigs. Zeitschrift fur Tierphysiologie, Tierernahrung und Futtermittelkunde 48, 177–182.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sauer, W. C., Stothers, S. C. & Parker, R. J. (1977). Apparent and true availabilities of amino acids in wheat and milling by-products for growing pigs. Canadian Journal of Animal Science 57, 775–784.Google Scholar
Schneider, B. H. (1935). The subdivision of the metabolic nitrogen in the feces of the rat, swine, and man. Journal of Biological Chemistry 109, 249–278.Google Scholar
Snedecor, G. W. & Cochran, W. G. (1967). Statistical Methods, 6th ed. Ames, Iowa: Iowa State University Press.Google Scholar
Taverner, M. R., Hume, I. D. & Farrell, D. J. (1981). Availability to pigs of amino acids in cereal grains. (1) Endogenous levels of amino acids in ileal digesta and faeces of pigs given cereal diets. British Journal of Nutrition 46, 149–158.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Van Soest, P. T. & Wine, R. H. (1967). Use of detergents in analysis of fibrous feeds. (4) Determination of plant cell wall constituents. Journal of the Association of Official Analytical Chemists 50, 50–55.Google Scholar
Wang, T. C. & Fuller, M. F. (1989). The optimum dietary amino acid pattern for growing pigs. 1. Experiments by amino acid deletion. British Journal of Nutrition 62, 77–89.Google Scholar
Whiting, F. & Bezeau, L. M. (1957). The metabolic fecal nitrogen excretion of the pig as influenced by the amount of fibre in the ration and by body weight. Canadian Journal of Animal Science 37, 95–105.CrossRefGoogle Scholar