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Effects of chronic dietary fructose with and without copper supplementation on glycaemic control, adiposity, insulin binding to adipocytes and glomerular basement membrane thickness in normal rats

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 March 2007

Salwa W. Rizkalla ,
Josette Boillot ,
Vivianne Tricottet ,
Anne-Marie Fontvieille ,
Jing Luo ,
Jean-Loup Salzman ,
Jean-Pierre Camilleri  and
Gérard Slama
Salwa W. Rizkalla
Affiliation:
Department of Diabetes (Inserm U341), Hotel Dieu Hospital, Paris, France
Josette Boillot
Affiliation:
Department of Diabetes (Inserm U341), Hotel Dieu Hospital, Paris, France
Vivianne Tricottet
Affiliation:
Department of Pathological Anatomy, Broussais Hospital, Paris, France
Anne-Marie Fontvieille
Affiliation:
Department of Diabetes (Inserm U341), Hotel Dieu Hospital, Paris, France
Jing Luo
Affiliation:
Department of Diabetes (Inserm U341), Hotel Dieu Hospital, Paris, France
Jean-Loup Salzman
Affiliation:
Department of Pathological Anatomy, Broussais Hospital, Paris, France
Jean-Pierre Camilleri
Affiliation:
Department of Pathological Anatomy, Broussais Hospital, Paris, France
Gérard Slama
Affiliation:
Department of Diabetes (Inserm U341), Hotel Dieu Hospital, Paris, France
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Abstract

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Sucrose feeding over a long period has been reported to induce glomerular basement membrane (GBM) thickening and insulin resistance in normal rats. These effects are attributed to the fructose moiety of the sucrose molecule, to Cu deprivation or both. Consequently, our aim was to evaluate the long-term effects of fructose feeding with normal or high amounts of Cu on body weight, plasma lipids, blood glucose regulation, GBM thickening and insulin binding to adipocytes. Four groups of eight Sprague–Dawley rats were fed for 10 weeks on a diet containing 570 g carbohydrate/kg supplied either as starch (S), dextrose (D), fructose (F) or fructose–starch (1:1, w/w; FS), and an adequate amount of Cu (12 μg Cu/g diet). A fifth group was fed on diet F supplemented with 24 μg Cu/g diet (FCu). After 10 weeks the epididymal adipose tissue and kidney weights expressed per 100 g body weight (relative weight) were heaviest in the F and FCu groups (P < 0·0001, ANOVA). The GBM thickness was within the normal range in the five groups but significantly higher in group D (1·95 (SE 0·04)) nm and lower in group FS (1·79 (SE 0·02)) nm when compared with group S (1·85 (SE 0·03) nm; P < 0·05). Insulin binding to adipocytes (expressed per cell) was lowest in the F and FCu groups, intermediate in groups D and FS and highest in group S (P < 0·05). Fasting plasma insulin level was higher in group F than in the FCu and FS groups (P < 0·05), whereas fasting plasma glucose, total cholesterol and triacylglycerol levels remained within the normal range in all groups. We conclude that in normal rats a 10-week fructose-rich diet with an adequate amount of Cu produced deleterious metabolic effects on adipose tissue, insulin binding to adipocytes, and plasma insulin, but not on GBM thickening even though kidney weight was significantly increased. However, a moderate fructose intake mixed with other sugars did not have adverse effects.

Keywords

Fructose intakeCopperInsulin bindingAdipose tissue
Type
Metabolic Effects of Carbohydrate
Information
British Journal of Nutrition , Volume 70 , Issue 1 , July 1993 , pp. 199 - 209
Copyright
Copyright © The Nutrition Society 1993

References

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