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The effect of short-term dietary supplementation with glucose on gastric emptying in humans

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 March 2007

Karen M. Cunningham ,
Michael Horowitz  and
Nicholas W. Read
Karen M. Cunningham
Affiliation:
Sub-Department of Human Gastrointestinal Physiology and Nutrition, K Floor, Royal Hallamshire Hospital, Sheffield S10 2JF
Michael Horowitz
Affiliation:
Department of Medicine, Royal Adelaide Hospital, North Terrace, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia
Nicholas W. Read
Affiliation:
Sub-Department of Human Gastrointestinal Physiology and Nutrition, K Floor, Royal Hallamshire Hospital, Sheffield S10 2JF
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Abstract

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In order to test whether gastric motility can adapt to changes in nutrient load, gastric emptying of hyperosmotic glucose and protein drinks was measured by applied potential tomography in two groups of ten volunteers following dietary supplementation with 400 g glucose/d for 3 d. The half emptying time for the glucose test meal was significantly faster after the standard diet had been supplemented with glucose compared with the standard diet alone (median and range, 20.7 (4.6–36.8) ν. 29.1 (19.8–38.4) min; P < 0.05), while the emptying of the protein drink (Oxo; Brooke Bond Ltd) was unchanged (median and range, 18.0 (12.5–23.6) ν. 16.1 (9.6–22.7) min). These results suggest that rapid and specific adaptation of the small intestinal regulatory mechanisms for gastric emptying of nutrient solutions can occur in response to increases in dietary load. This adaptation may be explained by desensitization of nutrient receptors or by a reduction in the area of receptor field exposed to nutrients caused by increased absorption of glucose in the upper small intestine

Keywords

Gastric emptyingGlucoreceptorsIntestinal adaptation
Type
Diet and Gastrointestinal Function
Information
British Journal of Nutrition , Volume 65 , Issue 1 , January 1991 , pp. 15 - 19
Copyright
Copyright © The Nutrition Society 1991

References

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