Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-m6dg7 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-04T21:06:59.566Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

The effect of short-term dietary supplementation with glucose on gastric emptying in humans

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 March 2007

Karen M. Cunningham
Affiliation:
Sub-Department of Human Gastrointestinal Physiology and Nutrition, K Floor, Royal Hallamshire Hospital, Sheffield S10 2JF
Michael Horowitz
Affiliation:
Department of Medicine, Royal Adelaide Hospital, North Terrace, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia
Nicholas W. Read
Affiliation:
Sub-Department of Human Gastrointestinal Physiology and Nutrition, K Floor, Royal Hallamshire Hospital, Sheffield S10 2JF
Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Core share and HTML view are not available for this content. However, as you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button.

In order to test whether gastric motility can adapt to changes in nutrient load, gastric emptying of hyperosmotic glucose and protein drinks was measured by applied potential tomography in two groups of ten volunteers following dietary supplementation with 400 g glucose/d for 3 d. The half emptying time for the glucose test meal was significantly faster after the standard diet had been supplemented with glucose compared with the standard diet alone (median and range, 20.7 (4.6–36.8) ν. 29.1 (19.8–38.4) min; P < 0.05), while the emptying of the protein drink (Oxo; Brooke Bond Ltd) was unchanged (median and range, 18.0 (12.5–23.6) ν. 16.1 (9.6–22.7) min). These results suggest that rapid and specific adaptation of the small intestinal regulatory mechanisms for gastric emptying of nutrient solutions can occur in response to increases in dietary load. This adaptation may be explained by desensitization of nutrient receptors or by a reduction in the area of receptor field exposed to nutrients caused by increased absorption of glucose in the upper small intestine

Type
Diet and Gastrointestinal Function
Copyright
Copyright © The Nutrition Society 1991

References

REFERENCES

Avill, R., Magnall, Y. F., Bird, N. C., Brown, B. H., Barber, D. C., Seagar, A. D., Johnson, A. G. & Read, N. W. (1987). Applied potential tomography. A new non-invasive technique for measuring gastric emptying. Gastroenterology 92, 10191026.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dubois, A., Gross, H. A., Ebert, M. H. & Castell, D. O. (1979). Altered gastric emptying and secretion in primary anorexia nervosa. Gastroenterology 77, 319323.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Franco, V. H. M., Collares, E. F. & Troncon, L. E. A. (1986). Gastric emptying in children. IV. Studies on kwashiorkor and marasmic kwashiorkor. Archives of Gastroenterology of São Paulo 23, 4246.Google ScholarPubMed
Holt, S., Ford, M. J., Grant, S. & Heading, R. C. (1981). Abnormal gastric emptying in primary anorexia nervosa. British Journal of Psychiatry 139, 550552.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Johansson, C. & Ekeland, K. (1976). Relation between body weight and the gastric and intestinal handling of an oral caloric load. Gut 17, 456462.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Keys, A., Brozek, J. & Henscel, A. (1950). The Biology of Human Starvation, pp. 587600. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lin, H. C., Doty, J. E., Reedy, T. J. & Meyer, J. M. (1989). Inhibition of gastric emptying by glucose depends on length of intestine exposed to nutrient. American Journal of Physiology 256, G404–G411.Google ScholarPubMed
Mangnall, Y. F., Baxter, A. J., Avill, R., Bird, N. C., Brown, B. H., Barber, D. C., Seagar, A. D., Johnson, A. G. & Read, N. W. (1987). Applied potential tomography: a new non-invasive technique for assessing gastric function. Clinical Physics and Physiological Measurement 8 (A), 119129.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Paul, A. A. & Southgate, D. A. T. (1978). McCance and Widdowson's The composition of Foods. Fourth revised and extended edition of MRC Special Report no. 297. London: H.M. Stationery Office.Google Scholar
Rigaud, D., Bedig, G., Marrouche, M., Vulpillat, M., Bonfils, S. & Apelbaum, M. (1988). Delayed gastric emptying in anorexia nervosa is improved by completion of a renutrition program. Digestive Diseases and Sciences 33, 919925.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Robinson, P. H., Clarke, M. & Barrett, J. (1988). Determinants of delayed gastric emptying in anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa. Gut 29, 458464.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Weser, E., Tawil, T. & Fletcher, J. T. (1981). Stimulation of small bowel mucosal growth by gastric infusion of different sugars in rats maintained on total parental nutrition. In Mechanisms of Intestinal Adaptation, pp. 175185. [Robinson, J. W. L.Dowling, R. H. and Reiken, E. O., editors]. Lancaster: MTP Press.Google Scholar
Wright, R. A., Kim, Y. C. & Fleeman, C. (1981). Solid and liquid gastric emptying in obese patients. Gastroenterology 80, 1320.Google Scholar