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Effect of maternal iron restriction during pregnancy on renal morphology in the adult rat offspring

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  07 June 2007

S. J. M. Lisle ,
R. M. Lewis ,
C. J. Petry ,
S. E. Ozanne ,
C. N. Hales  and
A. J. Forhead
S. J. M. Lisle
Affiliation:
Department of Physiology, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge CB2 3EG, UK
R. M. Lewis
Affiliation:
Department of Clinical Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Adenbrooke's Hospital, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 2QR, UK
C. J. Petry
Affiliation:
Department of Clinical Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Adenbrooke's Hospital, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 2QR, UK
S. E. Ozanne
Affiliation:
Department of Clinical Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Adenbrooke's Hospital, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 2QR, UK
C. N. Hales
Affiliation:
Department of Clinical Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Adenbrooke's Hospital, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 2QR, UK
A. J. Forhead*
Affiliation:
Department of Physiology, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge CB2 3EG, UK
*
*Corresponding author: Dr Alison J. Forhead, fax +44 1223 333840, email [email protected]
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Abstract

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In rats, maternal anaemia during pregnancy causes hypertension in the adult offspring, although the mechanism is unknown. The present study investigated the renal morphology of adult rats born to mothers who were Fe-deficient during pregnancy. Rats were fed either a control (153 mg Fe/kg diet, n 7) or low-Fe (3 mg/kg diet, n 6) diet from 1 week before mating and throughout gestation. At delivery, the Fe-restricted (IR) mothers were anaemic; the IR pups were also anaemic and growth-retarded at 2 d of age. At 3 and 16 months, systolic blood pressure in the IR offspring (163 (sem 4) and 151 (sem 4) mmHg respectively, n 13) was greater than in control animals (145 (sem 3) and 119 (sem 4) mmHg respectively, n 15, P<0·05). At post mortem at 18 months, there was no difference in kidney weight between treatment groups, although relative kidney weight as a fraction of body weight in the IR offspring was greater than in control animals (P<0·05). Glomerular number was lower in the IR offspring (11·4 (sem 1·1) per 4mm2, n 13) compared with control rats (14·8 (sem 0·7), n 15, P<0·05). Maternal treatment had no effect on glomerular size, but overall, female rats had smaller and more numerous glomeruli per unit area than male rats. When all animals were considered, inverse relationships were observed between glomerular number and glomerular size (r−0·73, n 28, P<0·05), and glomerular number and systolic blood pressure at both 3 months (r−0·42, n 28, P<0·05) and 16 months of age (r−0·64, n 28, P<0·05). Therefore, in rats, maternal Fe restriction causes hypertension in the adult offspring that may be due, in part, to a deficit in nephron number.

Keywords

KidneyProgrammingFetus
Type
Research Article
Information
British Journal of Nutrition , Volume 90 , Issue 1 , July 2003 , pp. 33 - 39
Copyright
Copyright © The Nutrition Society 2003

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