Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-94fs2 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-20T03:42:46.465Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Effect of dietary fats rich in lauric, myristic, palmitic, oleic or linoleic acid on plasma, hepatic and biliary lipids in cholesterol-fed hamsters*

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  24 July 2007

Elke A. Trautwein ,
Angelika Kunath-Rau ,
Juliane Dietrich ,
Stephan Drusch  and
Helmut F. Erbersdobler
Elke A. Trautwein
Affiliation:
Institute of Human Nutrition and Food Science, University of Kiel, Düsternbrooker Weg 17,D-24105 Kiel, Germany
Angelika Kunath-Rau
Affiliation:
Institute of Human Nutrition and Food Science, University of Kiel, Düsternbrooker Weg 17,D-24105 Kiel, Germany
Juliane Dietrich
Affiliation:
Institute of Human Nutrition and Food Science, University of Kiel, Düsternbrooker Weg 17,D-24105 Kiel, Germany
Stephan Drusch
Affiliation:
Institute of Human Nutrition and Food Science, University of Kiel, Düsternbrooker Weg 17,D-24105 Kiel, Germany
Helmut F. Erbersdobler
Affiliation:
Institute of Human Nutrition and Food Science, University of Kiel, Düsternbrooker Weg 17,D-24105 Kiel, Germany
Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Core share and HTML view are not available for this content. However, as you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button.

Effects of different dietary fats on plasma, hepatic and biliary lipids were determined in male golden Syrian hamsters (Mesocricetus auratus) fed on purified diets for 7 weeks. Diets were made by blending different fats containing characteristic fatty acids: butter (14:0 + 16:0), palm stearin (16:0), coconut oil (12:0 + 14:0), rapeseed oil (18:1), olive oil (18:l) and sunflowerseed oil (18:2). In all diets except the sunflowerseed oil diet dietary 18:2 was held constant at 2% energy. Total fat supplied 12% of energy and cholesterol was added at 4 g/kg diet. Plasma cholesterol and triacyglycerol concentrations were increased by dietary cholesterol. After 7 weeks, plasma cholesterol concentrations were highest with the palm Stearin, coconut oil and olive oil diets (8·9, 8·9 and 9·2 mmol/l) and lowest with the rapeseed oil and sdowerseed oil diets (6·7 and 5·5 mmol/l) while the butter diet was intermediate (8·5 mmol/l). Hepatic cholesterol concentration was highest in hamsters fed on the olive oil diet and lowest with the palm stearin diet (228 v. 144 µmol/g liver). Biliary lipids, lithogenic index and bile acid profile of the gall-bladder bile did not differ significantly among the six diets. Although the gallstone incidence was generally low in this study, three out of 10 hamsters fed on the palm stearin diet developed cholesterol gallstones. In contrast, no cholesterol gallstones were found with the other diets. Rapeseed and dowerseed oils caused the lowest plasma cholesterol and triacyglycerol concentrations whereas olive oil failed to demonstrate a cholesterol-lowering effect compared with diets rich in saturated fatty acids. Since 18:2 was kept constant at 2% of energy in all diets, the different responses to rapeseed and olive oils could possibly be attributed to their different contents of 16:0 (5·6 % v. 12·8% respectively). Other possible explanations are discussed.

Keywords

PlasmaLiver lipidsDietary fatHamster
Type
General Nutrition
Information
British Journal of Nutrition , Volume 77 , Issue 4 , April 1997 , pp. 605 - 620
Copyright
Copyright © The Nutrition Society 1997

References

REFERENCES

Ausman, L. M., Johnson, J. A., Guidry, C. & Nair, P. P. (1993). Fecal bile acids and neutral sterols in the cottontop tamarin (Saguinus oedipus). Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology 105B, 655–663.Google Scholar
Ayyad, N., Cohen, B. I., Mosbach, E. H. & Miki, S. (1992). Palmitic acid enhances cholesterol gallstone incidence in Sasco hamsters fed cholesterol enriched diets. Lipids 27, 993–998.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Cohen, B. I., Matoba, N., Mosbach, E. H. & McSherry, C. K. (1989). Dietary induction of cholesterol gallstones in hamsters from three different sources. Lipids 24, 151–156.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Cohen, B. I., Mosbach, E. H., Ayyad, N., Miki, S. & McSherry, C. K. (1992). Dietary fat and fatty acids modulate cholesterol cholelithiasis in the hamster. Lipids 27, 526–532.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Dam, H. (1971). Determinants of cholesterol cholelithiasis in man and animals. American Journal of Medicine 51, 596–413.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Daumerie, C. M., Woollett, L. A. & Dietschy, J. M. (1992). Fatty acids regulate hepatic low density lipoprotein receptor activity through redistribution of intracellular cholesterol pools. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA 89, 10797–10801.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Dietschy, J. M., Turley, S. D. & Spady, D. K. (1993). Role of liver in the maintenance of cholesterol and low density lipoprotein homeostasis in different animal species, including humans. Journal of Lipid Research 34, 1637–1659.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Folch, J., Lees, M. & Sloane Stanley, G. H. (1957). A simple method for the isolation and purification of total lipids from animal tissue. Journal of Biological Chemistry 226, 497–509.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hayes, K. C., Stephan, Z. F., Pronczuk, A., Lindsey, S. & Verdon, C. (1989). Lactose protects against estrogeninduced pigment gallstones in hamsters fed nutritionally adequate purified diets. Journal of Nutrition 119, 1726–1736.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hayes, K. C., Khosla, P., Kaiser, A., Yeghiazarians, V. & Pronczuk, A. (1992). Dietary fat and cholesterol modulate the plasma lipoprotein distribution and production of pigment or cholesterol gallstones in hamsters. Journal of Nutrition 122, 374–384.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Heuman, D. M. (1989). Quantitative estimation of the hydrophilic-hydrophobic balance of mixed bile salt solutions. Journal of Lipid Research 30, 719–730.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Jones, P. J. H., Lichtenstein, A. H., Schaefer, E. J. & Namchuk, G. L. (1994). Effect of dietary fat selection on plasma cholesterol synthesis in older, moderately hypercholesterolemic humans. Arteriosclerosis and Thrombosis 14, 542–548.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Jones, P. J. H., Ridgen, J. E. & Benson, A. P. (1990). Influence of dietary fatty acid composition on cholesterol synthesis and esterification in hamsters. Lipids 25, 815–820.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Jonnalagadda, S. S., Trautwein, E. A. & Hayes, K. C. (1995). Dietary fats rich in saturated fatty acids (12:0), (14:0, and 16:0) enhance gallstone formation relative to monounsaturated fat (18:1) in cholesterol-fed hamsters. Lipids 30, 415–424.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Khor, H. T. & Tan, D. T. S. (1994). Serum lipid responses to simultaneous alterations in dietary palmitic and oleic acid in the absence and presence of dietary cholesterol in the hamster. Nutrition Research 14, 1191–1199.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kim, J. C. & Chung, T. H. (1984). Direct determination of the free cholesterol and individual cholesteryl esters in serum by HPLC. Korean Journal of Biochemistry 16, 69–77.Google Scholar
Kuroki, S., Cohen, B. I., Carey, M. C. & Mosbach, E. H. (1986). Rapid computation with the personal computer of the percent cholesterol saturation of bile samples. Journal of Lipid Research 27, 442–446.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Lichtenstein, A. H., Ausman, L. M., Carrasco, W., Jenner, J. L., Gualtieri, L. J., Goldin, B. R., Ordovas, J. M. & Schaefer, E. J. (1993). Effects of canola, corn, and olive oils on fasting and postprandial plasma lipoproteins in humans as part of a National Cholesterol Education Program Step 2 diet. Arteriosclerosis and Thrombosis 13, 1533–1542.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Lin, E. C. K., Fernandez, M. L., Tosca, M. A. & McNamara, D. J. (1994). Regulation of hepatic LDLmetabolism in the guinea pig by dietary fat and cholesterol. Journal of Lipid Research 35, 446–457.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
McNamara, D. J. (1992). Dietary fatty acids, lipoproteins, and cardiovascular disease. Advances in Food and Nutrition Research 36, 253–351.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Miettinen, T. A. (1993). Non-fatty acid components of oils rich in monounsaturated fat. Scandinavian Journal of Nutrition/Näringsfrskning 37, 66.Google Scholar
Rossi, S. S., Converse, J. L. & Hofman, A. F. (1987). High pressure liquid chromatographic analysis of conjugated bile acids in human bile: simultaneous resolution of sulfated and unsulfated lithocholyl amidates and the common conjugated bile acids. Journal of Lipid Research 28, 589–595.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Sessions, V. A. & Salter, A. M. (1994). The effects of different dietary fats and cholesterol on serum lipoprotein concentration in hamsters. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta 1211, 207–214.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Spady, D. K. & Dietschy, J. M. (1985). Dietary saturated triacylglycerols suppress hepatic low density lipoprotein receptor activity in the hamster. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA 82, 4526–4530.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Spady, D. K. & Dietschy, J. M. (1988). Interaction of dietary cholesterol and triglycerides in the regulation of hepatic low density lipoprotein transport in the hamster. Journal of Clinical Investigation 81, 300–309.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Spady, D. K., Turley, S. D. & Dietschy, J. M. (1985). Rates of low density lipoprotein uptake and cholesterol synthesis are regulated independently in the liver. Journal of Lipid Research 26, 465–472.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Spady, D. K., Woollett, L. A. & Dietschy, J. M. (1993). Regulation of plasma LDL-cholesterol levels by dietary cholesterol and fatty acids. Annual Review of Nutrition 13, 355–381.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Suckling, K. E., Benson, G. M., Bond, B., Gee, A., Glen, A., Haynes, C., & Jackson, B. (1991). Cholesterol lowering and bile acid excretion in the hamster with cholestyramine treatment. Atherosclerosis 89, 183–190.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Surette, M. E., Whelan, J., Lu, G. P., Broughton, K. S. & Konsell, J. E. (1992). Dependence on dietary cholesterol for n−3 polyunsaturated fatty acid-induced changes in plasma cholesterol in the Syrian hamster. Journal of Lipid Research 33, 263–271.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Trautwein, E. A., Liang, J. & Hayes, K. C. (1993 a). Cholesterol gallstone induction in hamsters reflects strain differences in plasma lipoproteins and bile acid profiles. Lipids 28, 305–312.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Trautwein, E. A., Siddiqui, A. & Hayes, K. C. (1993 b). Modeling plasma lipoprotein-bile lipid relationships: differential impact of psyllium and cholestyramine in hamsters fed a lithogenic diet. Metabolism 42, 1531–1540.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Weingard, K. W. & Daggy, B. P. (1990). Quantification of high-density-lipoprotein cholesterol in plasma from hamsters by differential precipitation. Clinical Chemistry 36, 575.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Woollett, L. A., Spady, D. K. & Dietschy, J. M. (1992). Saturated and unsaturated fatty acids independently regulate low density lipoprotein receptor activity and production rate. Journal of Lipid Research 33, 77–88.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed