Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-l7hp2 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-22T18:20:15.596Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Effect of dietary cholesterol with or without saturated fat on plasma lipoprotein cholesterol levels in the laboratory opossum (Monodelphis domestica) model for diet-induced hyperlipidaemia

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 March 2007

Rampratap S. Kushwaha ,
Jane F. VandeBerg  and
John L. VandeBerg
Rampratap S. Kushwaha*
Affiliation:
Department of Physiology and Medicine, Southwest Foundation for Biomedical Research, San Antonio, Texas 78245-0459, USA
Jane F. VandeBerg
Affiliation:
Department of Genetics, Southwest Foundation for Biomedical Research, San Antonio, Texas 78245-0459, USA
John L. VandeBerg
Affiliation:
Department of Genetics, Southwest Foundation for Biomedical Research, San Antonio, Texas 78245-0459, USA
*
*Corresponding author: fax +1 210 670 3323, Email [email protected]
Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Core share and HTML view are not available for this content. However, as you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button.

Laboratory opossums (Monodelphis domestica) show extreme genetic variability in their responsiveness to dietary lipids; a great proportion of the genetic variability in responsiveness is due to a single major gene. To determine whether the major gene for dietary response detected by genetic analysis in opossums is responsive to dietary cholesterol or dietary saturated fat, or a combination of both, we used males and females of susceptible and resistant lines of laboratory opossums that were 5 to 7 months old. The animals were challenged with three different experimental diets (high-cholesterol diets with or without high saturated fat from lard or coconut oil) and plasma lipoproteins were measured. Plasma and VLDL+LDL-cholesterol concentrations increased several-fold when the animals were fed the diet containing elevated cholesterol (P>0·001) or elevated cholesterol and fat (P>0·001) and differed between the two lines when they were fed high-cholesterol diets with or without fat (P>0·001). Plasma HDL-cholesterol concentrations were higher (P>0·05) in animals of the resistant line than in the susceptible line when they were fed the basal diet (550 (sem 30) v. 440 (sem 20) mg/l) and when they were fed the low-cholesterol and high-fat diet (600 (sem 30) v. 490 (sem 30) mg/l). Dietary coconut oil and lard had similar effects on plasma lipoprotein cholesterol concentrations in the susceptible line of opossums. A reduction in dietary cholesterol by 50% with either the lard or coconut oil blunted the plasma cholesterol response. The results from the present studies suggest that the major gene for dietary response previously detected by genetic analysis in laboratory opossums affects the response to dietary cholesterol but not to saturated fat.

Keywords

CholesterolLipoproteinsSusceptible and resistant lines of opossumsHigh-density lipoproteinsVery low-density lipoproteins+low-density lipoproteins
Type
Research Article
Information
British Journal of Nutrition , Volume 92 , Issue 1 , July 2004 , pp. 63 - 70
Copyright
Copyright © The Nutrition Society 2004

References

1Beynen, AC, Katan, MB & Van Zutphen, LFMHypo- and hyperresponders: individual differences in the response of serum cholesterol concentration to changes in diet. Adv Lipid Res 1989 22, 115–171CrossRefGoogle Scholar
2Clifton, PM, Kestin, M, Abbey, M, Drysdale, M & Nestel, PJRelationship between sensitivity to dietary fat and dietary cholesterol. Arteriosclerosis 1990 10, 394–401.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
3Dietschy, JM, Turley, SD & Spady, DKRole of liver in the maintenance of cholesterol and low density lipoprotein homeostasis in different species, including humans. J Lipid Res 1993 34, 1637–1659.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
4Fielding, CJ, Havel, RJ, Todd, KM, Yeo, KE, Schloetter, MC, Weinberg, V & Frost, PHEffects of dietary cholesterol and fat saturation on plasma lipoproteins in an ethnically diverse population of healthy young men. J Clin Invest 1995 95, 611–618.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
5Kestin, M, Clifton, PM, Rouse, IL & Nestel, PJEffect of dietary cholesterol in normolipidemic subjects is not modified by nature and amount of dietary fat. Am J Clin Nutr 1989 50, 528–532.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
6Kushwaha, RS & McGill, HC Jr Mechanisms controlling lipemic responses to dietary lipids. World Rev Nutr Diet 1997 80, 82–125.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
7Kushwaha, RS, McMahan, CA, Mott, GE, Carey, KD, Reardon, CA, Getz, GS & McGill, HCJr Influence of dietary lipids on hepatic mRNA levels of proteins regulating plasma lipoproteins in baboons with high and low levels of large high density lipoproteins. J Lipid Res 1991 32, 1929–1940.Google Scholar
8Kushwaha, RS, Reardon, CA, Getz, GS, Lewis, DS, Rice, KS, Carey, KD & McGill, HCJr Metabolic mechanisms for responses to dietary cholesterol and fat in high and low LDL responding baboons ( Papio sp.). J Lipid Res 1994 35, 633–643.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
9Kushwaha, RS, VandeBerg, JF, Jackson, EM & VandeBerg, JLHigh and low responding strains of laboratory opossums differ in sterol 27-hydroxylase and acyl-coenzyme A:cholesterol acyltransferase activities on a high cholesterol diet. J Nutr Biochem 2001 12, 664–673.Google Scholar
10Lipid Research Clinics Program Manual of Laboratory Operations, vol.1, Lipid and Lipoprotein Analysis DHEW Publication no (NIH) 75–628Washington, DC: US Government Printing Office. 1974Google Scholar
11McConihay, JA, Horn, PS & Woollett, LA (2001) Effect of maternal hypercholesterolemia on fetal sterol metabolism in the Golden Syrian hamster. J Lipid Res 42, 1111–1119.Google Scholar
12McGill, HC Jr & Kushwaha, RSIndividuality of lipemic responses to diet. Can J Cardiol 1995 11, Suppl.G, 15G–27G.Google ScholarPubMed
13McGill, HCJr & McMahan, CA, Mott, GE, Marinez, YN, Kuehl, TJEffects of selective breeding on the cholesterolemic responses to dietary saturated fat and cholesterol in baboons. Arteriosclerosis 1988 8, 33–39.Google Scholar
14Manis, GS, Hubbard, GB, Hainsey, BM, Ely, JJ, VandeBerg, JL & Stone, WHEffects of chronic blood loss in a marsupial ( Monodelphis domestica ). Lab Anim Sci 1992 42, 567–571.Google Scholar
15Mott, GE, Jackson, EM & McMahan, CAEffects of dietary cholesterol, type of fat, and sex on bile lipid composition of adult baboons. Am J Clin Nutr 1992 56, 511–516.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
16Rainwater, DL & VandeBerg, JLDramatic differences in lipoprotein composition among gray short-tailed opossums ( Monodelphis domestica ) fed a high cholesterol/saturated fat diet. Biochim Biophys Acta 1992 1126, 159–166.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
17Rainwater, DL, Kammerer, CM, Singh, ATK, Moore, PH, Poushesh, M, Shelledy, WR, VandeBerg, JF, Robinson, ES & VandeBerg, JLGenetic control of lipoprotein phenotypes in the laboratory opossum, Monodelphis domestica. GeneScreen 2001 1, 117–124.Google Scholar
18Robinson, ES & VandeBerg, JLBlood collection and surgical procedures for the laboratory opossum ( Monodelphis domestica ). Lab Anim Sci 1994 44, 63–68.Google ScholarPubMed
19Souidi, M, Combettes-Souverain, M, Milliat, F, Eckhardt, ER, Audas, O, Dubrac, S, Parquet, M, Ferezou, J & Lutton, CHamsters predisposed to sucrose-induced cholesterol gallstones (LPN strain) are more resistant to excess dietary cholesterol than hamsters that are not sensitive to cholelithiasis induction. J Nutr 2001 131, 1803–1811.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
20Spady, DK & Dietschy, JM (1988) Interaction of dietary cholesterol and triglycerides in the regulation of hepatic low density lipoprotein transport in the hamster. J Clin Invest 1988 81, 300–309.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
21VandeBerg, JLThe laboratory opossum, Monodelphis domestica, In UFAW Handbook on the Care and Management of Laboratory Animals, 7th ed., vol.1. Terrestrial Vertebrates, pp.193–209 [T, Poole and P, Englisheditors]. Oxford, UK: Blackwell Science Ltd. 1999Google Scholar