Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-vdxz6 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-23T09:02:08.709Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

The effect of condensed tannins in Lotus pedunculatus on the solubilization and degradation of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase (EC 4.1.1.39; Rubisco) protein in the rumen and the sites of Rubisco digestion

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 March 2007

W. C. Mcnabb ,
G. C. Waghorn ,
J. S. Peters  and
T. N. Barry
W. C. Mcnabb*
Affiliation:
AgResearch Grasslands, Private Bag 11008, Palmerston North, New Zealand Department of Animal Science, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
G. C. Waghorn
Affiliation:
AgResearch Grasslands, Private Bag 11008, Palmerston North, New Zealand
J. S. Peters
Affiliation:
AgResearch Grasslands, Private Bag 11008, Palmerston North, New Zealand
T. N. Barry
Affiliation:
Department of Animal Science, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
*
* To whom correspondence should be addressed.
Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Core share and HTML view are not available for this content. However, as you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button.

Three experiments were undertaken to determine the effect of condensed tannin (CT) in Lotuspedunculutus (45–55 g extractable CT/kg DM) on the digestion of the principal leaf protein, ribulose-1,5-bis phosphate carboxylase EC 4.1.1.39; Rubisco; fraction 1 leaf protein). In two of the experiments Lotus pedunculutus was fed to sheep, with one group receiving a continuous intraruminal infusion (per fistulum) of PEG (molecular weight 3500) to bind and inactivate the CT (PEG group). The other group, which did not receive PEG, was termed the control sheep (CT acting). Expt 3 involved in vitvo incubations of Lotus pedunculutus in buffered rumen fluid, with and without PEG added. In all experiments the results have been interpreted in terms of the effects of CT on Rubisco solubilization and degradation. Disappearance of N and Rubisco from Lotus pedunculutus suspended in polyester bags in the rumen was used as a measure of solubilization. Degradation was defined as the disappearance of Rubisco from in vitro incubations of Lotus pedunculatusinrumen fluid. In Expt 1, CT reduced the digestion of Rubisco in the rumen from 0.96 to 0.72 of intake (P < 0.01). Rubisco digestion in the small intestine was 0.27 of intake in control sheep and 0.04 of intake in PEG sheep. In Expt 2, PEG had no effect on the loss of Rubisco from Lotus pehneulatus contained in polyester bags which were incubated in the rumen, hence CT did not affect the solubilization of Rubisco. Observations in Expt 1 were confirmed by in vitro incubations in Expt 3, where PEG addition substantially increased the rate of degradation of plant protein to NH2. Addition of PEG decreased the period of time taken to degrade 50% of the Rubisco from about 13.8 h to about 3.0 h. It was concluded that the action of CT reduced the digestion of Rubisco in the rumen of sheep fed on fresh Lotus pedunculutus, and that this was primarily due to the ability of CT to slow its degradation by rumen micro-organisms, without affecting its solubilization. Both fresh-minced, and freeze-dried and ground lotus were used for in saccoand in vitro incubations; however, fresh-minced lotus was more suitable for the evaluation of protein solubilization and degradation in fresh forages.

Keywords

Condensed tanninRnmen degradationRibulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase
Type
Animal Nutrition
Information
British Journal of Nutrition , Volume 76 , Issue 4 , October 1996 , pp. 535 - 549
Copyright
Copyright © The Nutrition Society 1996

References

REFERENCES

Asquith, T. N. & Butler, L. G. (1986). Interactions of condensed tannins with selected proteins. Phytochemistry 25. 1591–1593.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Barry, T. N. (1981). Protein metabolism in growing lambs fed fresh ryegrass/white clover pasture. 1. Protein and energy deposition in response to abomasal infusion of casein and methionine. British Journal of Nutrition 46, 521–531.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Barry, T. N. & Manley, T. R. (1984). The role of condensed tannins in the nutritional valueof Lotus pedunculatus for sheep. 2. Quantitative digestion of carbohydrates and proteins. British Journal of Nutrition 51, 492–504.Google Scholar
Barry, T. N., Manley, T. R. & Duncan, S. J. (1986). The role of condensed tannins in the nutritional value of Lotus pedunculatus for sheep.4. Sites of carbohydrate and protein digestion as influenced by dietary reactive tannin concentration. British Journal of Nutrition 55, 123–137.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Beever, D. E. & Siddons, R. C. (1986). Digestion and metabolismin the grazing ruminant. In Control and Metabolism in Ruminants, pp. 479–496 [Milligan, L. P.Grovum, W. L. and Dobson, A. editors]. New Jersey: Prentice Hall.Google Scholar
Binnerts, W. T., van't Klooster, A. Th. & Frens, A. M. (1968). Soluble chromium indicator measured by atomic absorption in digestion experiments. Veterinary Record 82, 470–476.Google Scholar
Broadhurst, R. B. & Jones, W. T. (1978). Analysis of condensed tannins using acidified vanillin. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture 29, 788–794.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Faichney, G. J. (1975). The use of markers to partition digestion within the gastrointestinal tract of ruminants. In Digestion and Metabolism in the Ruminant, pp. 227–291 [McDonald, I. W. and Warner, A. C. I. editors] Armidale, Australia: University of New England Publishing Unit.Google Scholar
Fraser, D. L., Hamilton, B. K. & Poppi, D. P. (1990). Effect of duodenal infusion of protein or amino acids on nitrogen retention of lambs consuming fresh herbage. Proceedings of the New Zealand Society of Animal Production 50, 43–47.Google Scholar
Ganev, G., Ørskov, E. R. & Smart, R. (1979). The effect of roughage or concentrate feeding and rumen retention time on total degradation of protein in the rumen. Journal of Agricultural Science, Cambridge 93, 651–656.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hamilton, B. A., Ashes, J. R. & Carmichael, A. W. (1992). Effect of formaldehyde-treated sunflower meal on the milk production of grazing cows. Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 43, 379–387.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hogan, J. P. (1982). In Nutritional Limits to Animal Production from Pastures, pp. 242–252. [Hacker, J. B. editor]. Slough: Commonwealth Agricultural Bureaux.Google Scholar
Horigome, T., Kumar, R. & Okamoto, K. (1988). Effects of condensed tannins prepared from leaves of fodder plants on digestive enzymes in vitro and in the intestine of rats. British Journal of Nutrition 60, 275–285.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
John, A. & Lancashire, J. A. (1981). Aspects of the feeding and nutritive value of Lotus species. Proceedings of the New Zealand Grasslands Association 42, 152–159.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jones, W. T. & Lyttleton, J. W. (1972). XXXVI. Further studies on the foaming properties of soluble leaf proteins. New Zealand Journal of Agricultural Research 15, 267–278.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jones, W. T. & Mangan, J. L. (1977). Complexes of the condensed tannins of sainfoin (Onobrychis viciifolia Scop.)with Fraction 1 Leaf Protein and with submaxillary mucoprotein and their reversal by polyethylene glycol and pH. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture 28, 126–136.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kawashima, N. & Wildman, S. G. (1970). Fraction 1 protein. Annual Reviews in Plant Physiology 21, 325–358.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kennedy, P. M., Williams, E. R. & Sherbet, B. D. (1975). Sulphate recycling and metabolismin sheep and cattle. Australian Journal of Biological Science 28, 31–42.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kirk, J. T. O. & Tilney-Bassett, R. A. E. (1967). In The Plastids: Their Chemistry, Structure, Growth and Inheritance. London: W. H. Freeman and Company.Google Scholar
Laemmli, U. K. & Favre, M. (1973). Maturation of the head of bacteriophage T4. 1. DNA packaging events. Journal of Molecular Biology 80, 575–599.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lobley, G. E., Connell, A., Lomax, M. A., Brown, D. S., Milne, E., Calder, A. G. & Farningham, D. A. H. (1995). Hepatic detoxification of ammonia in the ovine liver: possible consequences for amino acid catabolism. British Journal of Nutrition 73, 667–685.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
McDougall, E. I. (1948). Studies on ruminant saliva. 1. The composition of output of sheep's saliva. Biochemistry Journal 43, 99–109.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
McLeod, M. N. (1974). Plant tannins - their role in forage quality. Nutrition Abstracts and Reviews 44, 803–815.Google Scholar
McNabb, W. C., Spencer, D., Higgins, T. J. & Barry, T. N. (1994). In vitro rates of rumen proteolysis of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphatecarboxylase (Rubisco) from lucerne leaves, and of ovalbumin, vicilin and sunflower albumin 8 storage proteins. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture 64, 53–61.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
McNabb, W. C., Waghorn, G. C., Barry, T. N. & Shelton, I. D. (1993). The effect of condensed tannins in Lotus pedunculatus on the digestion and metabolism of methionine, cystine and inorganic sulphur in sheep. British Journal of Nutrition 70, 647–661.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
MacRae, J. C. & Ulyatt, M. J. (1974). Quantitative digestion of fresh herbage by sheep. II. The sites of digestion of some nitrogenous constituents. Journal of Agricultural Science, Cambridge 82, 309–319.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mangan, J. L. (1972). Quantitative studies on nitrogen metabolism in the bovine rumen. The rate of proteolysis of casein and ovalbumin and the release and metabolism of free amino acids. British Journal of Nutrition 27, 261–283.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Mangan, J.L. (1982). The nitrogenous constituents of fresh forages. In Forage Protein in Ruminant Animal Production. British Society of Animal Production Occasional Publication no. 6. [Thomson, D. J.Beever, D. E. and Gunn, R. G. editors]. Thames Ditton: British Society of Animal Production.Google Scholar
Mangan, J. L. (1988). Nutritional effects of tannins in animal feeds. Nutrition Research Reviews 1, 209–231.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Mangan, J.L. & West, J. (1977). Ruminal digestion of chloroplasts and the protection of protein by glutaraldehyde treatment. Journal of Agricultural Science, Cambridge 89, 3–15.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mathers, J. C. & Aitchison, E.M. (1981). Direct estimation of the extent of contamination of food residues by microbial matter after incubation within synthetic fibre bags in the rumen. Journal of Agricultural Science, Cambridge 96, 691–693.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mathers, J. C. & Miller, E. L. (1980). A simple procedure using 35S incorporation for the measurement of microbial and underacted food protein in ruminant digesta. British Journal of Nutrition 43, 503–518.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mehrez, A. Z. & Ørskov, E. R. (1977). A study of the artificial fibre bag technique for determining the digestibility of feeds in the rumen. Journal of Agricultural Science, Cambridge 88, 645–650.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nugent, J. H. A., Jones, W. T., Jordan, D. J. & Mangan, J. L. (1983). Rates of proteolysis in the rumen of the soluble proteins casein, fraction I (18S) leaf protein, bovine serum albumin and bovine submaxillary mucoprotein. British Journal of Nutrition 50, 357–368.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Nugent, J. H. A. & Mangan, J. L. (1981). Characteristics of the rumen proteolysis of fraction 1 leaf protein from lucerne. British Journal of Nutrition 46, 39–58.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Penning, P. D.Orr, J. R. & Treacher, T. T. (1988). Responses of lactating ewes, offered fresh herbage indoors and when grazing, to supplements containing differing protein concentrations. Animal Production 46, 403–415.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Poppi, D. P., Cruickshank, G. J. & Sykes, A. R. (1988). Fish meal and amino acid supplementation of early weaned lambs grazing tall fescue and white clover. Animal Production 46, 491–499.Google Scholar
Purchas, R. W. & Keogh, R. G. (1984). Fatness of lambs grazed on Grasslands Maku Lotus and Grasslands Huia white clover. Proceedings of the New Zealand Society of Animal Production 44, 219–222.Google Scholar
Reis, P. J. (1979). Effects of amino acids on the growth and properties of wool. In Physiologicaland Environmental Limitations to Wool Growth, pp. 223–242. [Black, J. L. and Reis, P. J. editors]. Australia: University of New England Publishing Unit.Google Scholar
Rogers, G. L., Porter, R. H. D., Clark, T. & Stewart, J. A. (1980). Effect of protected casein supplements on pasture intake, milk yield and composition of cows in early lactation. Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 31, 1147–1152.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Spencer, C. M., Ya, C., Martin, R., Gaffney, S. H., Goulding, P. N., Magnolato, D., Lilley, T. H. & Haslam, E. (1988 a). Polyphenol complexation-some thoughts and observations. Phytochemistry 27, 2397–2409.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Spencer, D., Higgins, T. J. V., Freer, M., Dove, H. & Coombe, J. B. (1988 b). Monitoring thefate of dietary proteins in rumen fluid using gel electrophoresis. British Journal of Nutrition 60, 241–247.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Stock, R., Merchen, N., Klopfeustein, T. & Poos, M. (1981). Feeding value of slowly degraded proteins. Journal of Animal Science 53, 1109–1119.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tan, T. N., Weston, R. H. & Hogan, J. P. (1971). Use of 103Ru-labe11ed tris (1,10−phenanthroline) ruthenium (II) chloride as a marker in digestion studies with sheep. International Journal of Applied Radiation and Isotopes 22, 301–308CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Tanner, G. J., Moore, A. E. & Larkin, P. J. (1994). Proanthocyanidins inhibit hydrolysis of leaf proteins by rumen microflora in vitro. British Journal of Nutrition 71, 947–958.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Technicon Industrial Systems (1973). Auto Analyzer II Method no. 270−73W. Tarrytown, N.Y.: Technicon Instruments Corp.Google Scholar
Ulyatt, M. J., Dellow, D. W., John, A., Reid, C. S. W. & Waghorn, G. C. (1986). Contribution of chewing during eating and rumination to the clearance of digesta from the rumino-reticulum. In Control of Digestion and Metabolism in Ruminants, pp. 498–515. [Milligan, L. P.Grovum, W. L. and Dobson, A. editors]. Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey: Prentice-Hall.Google Scholar
Waghorn, G. C. & Shelton, I. D. (1988). Red clover composition, resistance to shear and effect of maturity when fed to sheep. Proceedings of the Nutrition Society of New Zealand 13, 134–139.Google Scholar
Waghorn, G. C., Shelton, I. D. & McNabb, W. C. (1994 a). The effect of condensed tannin in Lotuspedunculatus on nutritive value for sheep. 2. Nitrogenous aspects. Journal of Agricultural Science, Cambridge 123, 109–119.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Waghorn, G. C., Shelton, I. D., McNabb, W. C. & McCutcheon, S. N. (1994 b). The effect of condensed tannin in Lotus pedunculatus on nutritive value for sheep. 1. Non-nitrogenous aspects. Journal of Agricultural Science, Cambridge 123, 99–107.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Waghorn, G. C., Shelton, I. D. & Thomas, V. J. (1989). Particle breakdown and rumen digestion of fresh ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) and lucerne (Medicago sativa L.) fed to cows during a restricted feeding period. British Journal of Nutrition 61, 409–423.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Waghorn, G. C., Ulyatt, M. J., John, A. & Fisher, M. T. (1987). The effect of condensed tannins on the site of digestion of amino acids and other nutrients in sheep fed on Lotus corniculatus L. British Journal of Nutrition 57, 115–126.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Wallace, R. J. (1983). Hydrolysis of 14C-labelled proteins by rumen micro-organisms and by proteolytic enzymes prepared from rumen bacteria. British Journal of Nutrition 50, 345–355.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Wallace, R. J. (1985). Adsorption of soluble proteins to rumen bacteria and the role of adsorption in proteolysis. British Journal of Nutrition 53, 399–408.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Wang, Y., Waghorn, G. C., Douglas, G. B., Wilson, G. F. & Barry, T. N. (1994). The effect of condensed tannins in Lotus corniculatus upon nutrient metabolism and upon body growth and wool growth in grazing sheep. Proceedings of the New Zealand Society of Animal Production 54, 219–222.Google Scholar
Williams, C. H. & Twine, J. R. (1967). Determination of nitrogen, sulphur, potassium, sodium, calcium and magnesium in plant material by automatic analysis. Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation Technical Paper no. 24, pp. 119–126. Melbourne: CSIRO.Google Scholar