Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-lj6df Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-05T06:46:16.351Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

A dynamic model to analyse intravenous glucose and insulin tolerance tests performed on dairy cows

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 March 2007

Sophie Lemosquet  and
Philippe Faverdin
Sophie Lemosquet*
Affiliation:
Unité Mixte de Recherches sur la Production du Lait, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, 35590 Saint Gilles, France
Philippe Faverdin
Affiliation:
Unité Mixte de Recherches sur la Production du Lait, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, 35590 Saint Gilles, France
*
*Corresponding author: Dr S Lemosquet, fax +33 2 23 48 51 01, email [email protected]
Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Core share and HTML view are not available for this content. However, as you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button.

A dynamic model was developed to assess insulin sensitivity and pancreatic response in lactating dairy cows. The model is based on a simultaneous analysis of insulin and glucose intravenous tolerance tests. It comprises five compartments corresponding to insulin in portal–hepatic plasma, and insulin or glucose in both systemic plasma and in interstitial fluid. Insulin secretion rate is a sigmoidal function of glucose in plasma. Insulin is cleared from hepatic plasma and from the interstitial fluid. The glucose entry rate is constant and glucose utilization rate is a sigmoidal function of insulin in the interstitial fluid. Six parameters were estimated: two for insulin secretion rate, two for insulin clearance, one for glucose entry rate and one for glucose utilization rate. After integration of the functions, the model yielded a relative estimate of the quantities of insulin secreted and cleared, as well as the glucose entering and utilized during each test. Using an experimental dataset composed of ten pairs of tolerance tests, the explained variations for plasma insulin and glucose concentrations were 96·0 and 98·3 % and standard errors of estimates were 0·032 nmol/l and 0·14 mmol/l respectively. Except in the early stages after injection, residual errors were low. A Jackknife analysis showed that the estimated parameters exhibited low statistical bias. This model simplifies the interpretation of both tests through a simulation based on six common parameters. Compared to a classical analysis of tolerance tests, it may improve the analysis of modifications in the key functions regulating glucose homeostasis in ruminants.

Keywords

ModelInsulinDairy cowsTolerance tests
Type
Research Article
Information
British Journal of Nutrition , Volume 86 , Issue 3 , September 2001 , pp. 359 - 369
Copyright
Copyright © The Nutrition Society 2001

References

Annison, EF, Bickerstaffe, R & Linzell, JL (1974) Glucose and fatty acid metabolism in cows producing milk of low fat content. Journal of Agricultural Science, Cambridge 82, 87–95.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ashcroft, SJH (1981) Metabolic controls of insulin secretion. The Islets of Langerhans, Biochemistry, Physiology and Pathology pp. 117–148 [Cooperstein, SJ and Watkins, D, editors]. Oxford: Academic Press, Inc.Google Scholar
Bergman, EN, Reulein, SS & Corlett, RE (1989) Effects of obesity on insulin sensitivity and responsiveness in sheep. American Journal of Physiology 257, E772–E781.Google ScholarPubMed
Campra, JL & Reynolds, TB (1988) The hepatic circulation. In The Liver Biology and Pathbiology pp. 911–930 [Arias, IM, Jakoby, WB, Popper, H, Schachter, D and Shafritz, A, editors]. New York, NY: Raven Press Ltd.Google Scholar
Castillo, MJ, Scheen, AJ, Letiexhe, MR & Lefèbvre, PJ (1994) How to measure insulin clearance. Diabetes/Metabolism Reviews 10, 119–150.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Chilliard, Y & Ottou, JF (1995) Duodenal infusion of oil in midlactation cows. 7. Interaction with niacin on responses to glucose, insulin, and β-agonist challenges. Journal of Dairy Science 78, 2452–2463.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Cobelli, C, Federspil, G, Pacini, G, Salvan, A & Scandellari, C (1982) An integrated mathematical model of the dynamics of blood glucose and its hormonal control. Mathematical Biosciences 58, 27–60.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
De Fronzo, RA & Ferrannini, E (1982) Influence of plasma glucose and insulin concentration on plasma glucose clearance in man. Diabetes 31, 683–688.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Debras, E, Grizard, J, Aina, E, Tesseraud, S, Champredon, C & Arnal, M (1989) Insulin sensitivity and responsiveness during lactation and dry period in goats. American Journal of Physiology 256, E295–E302.Google ScholarPubMed
Faulkner, A & Pollock, H (1990) Metabolic responses to euglycaemic hyperinsulinaemia in lactating and non-lactating sheep in vivo. Journal of Endocrinology 124, 59–66.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ferrannini, E & Cobelli, C (1987) The kinetics of insulin in man. I. General aspects. Diabetes/Metabolism Reviews 3, 335–363.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hocquette, JF, Balage, M and Feué P (1996) Facilitate glucose transporters in ruminants. Proceedings of the Nutrition Society 55, 221–236.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hovorka, R & Jones, RH (1994) How to measure insulin secretion. Diabetes/Metabolism Reviews 10, 91–117.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hovorka, R, Powrie, JK, Smith, GD, Sönken, PH, Carson, ER & Jones, RH (1993) Five-compartment model of insulin kinetics and its use to investigate action of chloroquine in NIDDM. American Journal of Physiology 265, E162–E175.Google ScholarPubMed
Lemosquet, S, Rideau, N, Rulquin, H, Faverdin, P, Simon, J & Vérité, R (1997) Effect of a duodenal glucose infusion on the relationship of plasma concentrations of glucose and insulin in dairy cows. Journal of Dairy Science 80, 2854–2865.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
McCann, JP, Bergman, EN & Reimers, TJ (1989) Effect of obesity and ovarian steroids on insulin secretion and removal in sheep. American Journal of Physiology 19, E116–E128.Google Scholar
Metcalf, JA & Weekes, TEC (1990) Effect of plan nutrition on insulin sensitivity during lactation in the ewe. Journal of Dairy Research 57, 465–478.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pacini, G & Bergman, RN (1986) Minmod: a computer program to calculate insulin sensitivity and pancreatic responsivity from the frequently sampled intravenous glucose tolerance. Computer Methods and Programs in Biomedicine 23, 113–122.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Pfeffer, VE, Helfferich, B, Bertzbach, J & Lenkeit, W (1965) Further studies on the influence of low sodium diet on metabolism of milk cows. 3. Effect on plasma volume and chloride metabolism. Zeitschrift fuer Tierphysiologie Tierernaehrung and Futtermittelkunde 20, 362–364.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ratkowsky, DA (1989) Handbook of Nonlinear Regression Models New York, NY: Marcel Dekker, Inc.Google Scholar
Sechen, SJ, McCutcheon, SN & Bauman, DE (1989) Response to metabolic challenges in early lactation dairy cows during treatment with bovine somatropin. Domestic Animal Endocrinology 6, 141–154.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Shipley, RA & Clark, RE (1972) Tracer Methods for in vivo Kinetics, London: Academic Press.Google Scholar
Simonoff, JS & Tsai, ZL (1986) Jackknife-based estimators and confidence regions in non linear regression. Technometrics 28, 103–112.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Steiner, EC, Rey, TD and (1990) Simusolv Modelling and Simulation Software. Midland, MI: The Dow Chemical Company.Google Scholar
Sturis, J, Polonsky, KS, Mosekilde, E & Van Cauter, E (1991) Computer model for mechanisms underlying ultradian oscillations of insulin and glucose. American Journal of Physiology 23, E801–E809.Google Scholar
Turner, RC, Rudenski, AS, Matthews, DR, Levy, JC, O'Rahilly, P & Hosker, JP 1990) Application of structural model of glucose-insulin relations to assess beta-cell function and insulin sensitivity. Hormone and Metabolic Research 24(Suppl 1), 66–71.Google ScholarPubMed