Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-jkksz Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-23T19:35:26.490Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Digestion of 14C-labelled condensed tannins from Desmodium intortum in sheep and goats

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 March 2007

R. A. Perez-Maldonado  and
B. W. Norton
R. A. Perez-Maldonado
Affiliation:
Department of Agriculture, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
B. W. Norton
Affiliation:
Department of Agriculture, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Core share and HTML view are not available for this content. However, as you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button.

An experiment was conducted to investigate the metabolism of condensed tannin (CT) in sheep and goats offered a mixture of Digitaria decumbens (700 g/kg) and Desmodium intortum (300 g/kg) hay. Radioactive 14CO2, was used to label CT in young growing desmodium plants, &[14C&]CT was extracted, purified and infused intraruminally, and the metabolism of &[14C&]CT was followed in the rumen and lower digestive tract of both species. Digestion of DM, organic matter (OM), cell-wall constituents (CWC), N and the efficiency of rumen microbial synthesis were determined using a continuous intraruminal infusion of 51Cr EDTA, YbCl3, and Na2, 35SO4. The measurements taken for sheep and goats respectively were: intake, 21 and 30 g/kg0.9 per d; digestibilities (g/g) of DM, 0.566 and 0.505; OM 0.578 and 0.508; neutral-detergent fibre, 0.584 and 0.532; and acid-detergent fibre, 0.535 and 0.435. None of these measurements was significantly different (P > 0.05) between animal species. There was an apparent net gain in lignin across the rumen and whole intestinal tract for both animal species (19 and 29% for sheep and goats respectively). There were no significant differences between sheep and goats (P > 0.05) detected for any measurements of N excretion and utilization. The overall efficiency of N digestion and utilization was also similar between species. The routes of CT metabolism were compared for both colorimetric estimates (butanol-HCl) of dietary CT (DCT) and the specific radioactivity of [14C]CT in digesta (abomasum) and excreta (urine and faeces) of both sheep and goats. &[14C]CT showed total losses of 57 and 56% in sheep and goats respectively whilst losses of DCT of 71 and 70% were detected with butanol-HCl in sheep and goats respectively. The apparent losses of DCT across the rumen of sheep and goats were 12 and 9% whilst higher losses (49 and 42% for sheep and goats respectively) were observed for [14C]CT. Losses of DCT in the lower intestinal tract accounted for 69 and 71% of the total CT leaving the abomasum. By comparison, only 40 and 35% of [14C]CT was lost during intestinal passage in sheep and goats respectively. It was concluded that the infused free [14C]CT interacted with DCT and entered the protein and fibre-bound DCT pools. The loss of DCT during passage through the intestines was considered to be a consequence of either absorption of free CT or the degradation products of CT. It was assumed that free CT arose in the lower gastrointestinal tract from protein-CT and fibre-CT dissociation to be digested and/or absorbed. The higher recoveries of [14C]CT in faeces (32 and 35%) compared with DCT (27 and 26%) for sheep and goats respectively) were associated with the excretion of [14C] degradation products or conjugates which were not reactive to butanol–HCl. It was concluded that both methods (butanol–HCl and labelling CT with 14C) detected a substantial disappearance of CT (free, protein, and fibre-bound) during metabolism in the gastrointestinal tract in sheep and goats

Keywords

Condensed tanninTannin metabolismSheepGoats
Type
Animal Nutrition
Information
British Journal of Nutrition , Volume 76 , Issue 4 , October 1996 , pp. 501 - 513
Copyright
Copyright © The Nutrition Society 1996

References

REFERENCES

Association of Official Agricultural Chemists (1960). Kjeldahl digestion. In Official Methods of Analysis, 9th ed., p. 832 [Honvith, W., editor]. Washington, DC: AOAC.Google Scholar
Agricultural Research Council (1984). The nutrient requirements of ruminant livestock. In Technical Review ARC Working Party, Suppl. 1. Farnham Royal: Commonwealth Agricultural Bureaux.Google Scholar
Ahn, J. H.(1990). Quality assessment of tropical browse legumes: tannin content nitrogen degradability. PhD Thesis, University of Queensland, St Lucia, Australia.Google Scholar
Barry, T. N. & Manley, T. R. (1984). The role of condensed tannins in the nutritional value of Lotus pedunculatus for sheep. 2. Quantitative digestion of carbohydrates and proteins. British Journal of Nutrition 51, 493–504.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Carre, B. & Brillouet, J. M. (1986). Yield and composition of cell wall residues isolated from various feedstuffs used for non-ruminant farm animals. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture 37, 341–351.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Deschamps, A. M. (1989). Microbial degradation of tannins and related compounds. In Plant Cell Wall Polymers Biogenesis and Biodegradation, pp. 559–566 [Lewis, N. G.& Paice, M. G., editors]. Washington, DC: American Chemical Society.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Distel, R. A. & Provenza, F. D. (1991). Experience early in life affects voluntary intake of blackbrush by goats. Journal of Chemical Ecology 17, 431–450.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Eastmond, R. & Gardner, R. J. (1974). [14C]Epicatechin and [14C]procyanidins from seed shells of Aesculus hippocastanum. Phytochemistry 13, 1477–1478.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Elliott, R. & Armstrong, D. G. (1982). The effect of urea plus sodium sulphate on microbial protein production in the rumen of sheep given high alkali-treated barley straw. Journal of Agricultural Science, Cambridge 99, 51–60.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Faichney, G. J. (1975). The effect of formaldehyde treatment of a concentrate diet on the passage of solute and particle markers through the gastrointestinal tract of sheep. Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 13, 319–327.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Faichney, G. J. (1980). Measurements in sheep of the quantity and composition of rumen digesta and of the fractional outflow rates of digesta constituents. Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 31, 1129–1137.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Faichney, G. J. & White, G. A. (1977). Formaldehyde treatment of concentrate diets for sheep. I. Partition of digestion of organic matter and nitrogen between the stomach and intestines. Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 28, 1055–1067.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Goering, H. K. & Van Soest, P. J. (1970). Forage Fibre Analyses. Apparatus, Reagent, Procedures, and Some Applications. Agriculture Handbook no. 379. Washington, DC: Agricultural Research Service US Department of Agriculture.Google Scholar
Goodchild, A. V.(1989). Use of the leguminous browse foliage to supplement low quality roughages for ruminnants. PhD thesis, University of Queensland, St Lucia, Australia.Google Scholar
Groenewour, G. & Hunt, H. K. L. (1986). The microbial metabolism of condensed (+)-catechins by rat caecal microflora. Xenobiotica 16, 99–107.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hackett, A. M. (1986). The metabolism of flavanoid compounds in mammals. In Plant Flavanoids in Biology and Medicine: Biochemical Pharmacological and Structure-activity Relationships, pp. 177–194 [Cody, V., Elliott, M. & Harborne, J. B., editors]. New York: Alan R. Liss.Google Scholar
Jones, W. T. & Mangan, J. L. (1977). Complexes of the condensed tannins of sainfoin (Onobrychis viciifolia Scop.) with Fraction 1 leaf protein and with submaxillar mucoprotein, and their reversal by polyethylene glycol and pH. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture 28, 126–136.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Laws, D. R. J., McGuinness, J. D. & Bath, N. A. (1976). The use of 14C-labelled dimeric catechin to study the fate of dimeric polyphenols during malting and brewing. American Society of Brew Chemistry Journal 34, 170–173.Google Scholar
McGuinness, J. D., Eastmond, R., Laws, D. R. J. & Gardner, R. J. (1975). The use of 14C-labelled polyphenols to study haze formation in beer. Journal of the Institute of Brewing 81, 287–292.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mangan, J. L. (1988). Nutritional effects of tannins in animal feeds. Nutrition Research Reviews 1, 209–231.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Minson, D. J. (1971). Influence of lignin and silicon on a summative system for assessing the organic matter digestibility of Panicum. Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 22, 589–598.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
National Research Council (1985). Nutrient Requirements of Domestic Animals. Nutrient Requirements of Sheep, 6th ed. Washington, DC: National Academy Press.Google Scholar
Perez-Maldonado, R. A. (1994). The chemical nature and biological activity of tannins in forage legumes fed to sheep and goats. PhD Thesis, University of Queensland, St Lucia, Australia.Google Scholar
Perez-Maldonado, R. A. & Norton, B. W. (1996). The effects of condensed tannins from Desmodium intortum and Calliandra calothyrsus on protein and carbohydrate digestion in sheep and goats. British Journal of Nutrition 76, 515–533.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Perez-Maldonado, R. A., Norton, B. W. & Kerven, G. L. (1995). Factors affecting in vito formation of tannin-protein complexes. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture 69, 291–298.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Porter, L. J. (1989). Tannins. In Methods in Plant Biochemistry, vol. 1, pp. 389–419 [Dey, P. M. & Harborne, J. B., editors]. London: Academic Press.Google Scholar
Shaw, I. C. & Griffiths, L. A. (1980). Identification of the major biliary metabolite of (+)-catechin in the rat. Xenobiotica 10, 905–911.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Shaw, I. C., Hackett, A. M. & Griffiths, L. A. (1982). Metabolism and excretion of the liver-protective agent (+)-catechin in experimental hepatitis. Xenobiotica 12, 405–416.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Singleton, V. L. & Rossi, J. A. Jr (1965). Colorimetry of total phenolics with phosphomolybdic-phosphotungstic acid reagents. American Journal of Enology and Viticulture 16, 144–158.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Standing Committee on Agriculture (1990). Ruminants. Feeding Standards for Australian Livestock. East Melbourne: CSIRO Publications. Australia.Google Scholar
Steel, R. G. D. & Torrie, J. H. (1980). Principles and Procedures of Statistics, pp. 67–87. New York: McGraw-Hill.Google Scholar
Terrill, T. H., Rowan, A. M., Douglas, G. B. & Barry, T. N. (1992). Determination of extractable and bound condensed tannin concentration in forage plants, protein concentrate meals and cereal grains. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture 58, 321–329.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Terrill, T. H., Waghorn, G. C., Woolley, D. J., McNabb, W. C. & Barry, T. N. (1994). Assay and digestion of 14C-labelled condensed tannins in the gastrointestinal tract of sheep. British Journal of Nutrition 72, 467–477.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Van Soest, P. J., Conklin, N. L. & Horvath, P. J. (1987). Tannins in foods and feeds. In Cornell Nutrition Conference for Feed Manufacturers Proceedings, pp. 115–122. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University.Google Scholar
Waghorn, G. C., Ulyatt, M. J., John, A. & Fisher, M. T. (1987). The effect of condensed tannins on the site of digestion of amino acids and other nutrients in sheep fed on Lotus corniculatus L. British Journal of Nutrition 57, 115–126.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed