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The digestion by cattle of grass silage made with formic acid and formic acid–formaldehyde

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 March 2007

D. J. Thompson ,
D. E. Beever ,
C. R. Lonsdale ,
M. J. Haines ,
S. B. Cammell  and
A. R. Austin
D. J. Thompson
Affiliation:
Grassland Research Institute, Hurley, Maidenhead, Berkshire SL6 5LR
D. E. Beever
Affiliation:
Grassland Research Institute, Hurley, Maidenhead, Berkshire SL6 5LR
C. R. Lonsdale
Affiliation:
Grassland Research Institute, Hurley, Maidenhead, Berkshire SL6 5LR
M. J. Haines
Affiliation:
Grassland Research Institute, Hurley, Maidenhead, Berkshire SL6 5LR
S. B. Cammell
Affiliation:
Grassland Research Institute, Hurley, Maidenhead, Berkshire SL6 5LR
A. R. Austin
Affiliation:
Grassland Research Institute, Hurley, Maidenhead, Berkshire SL6 5LR
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Abstract

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1. A primary growth crop of perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenneL., cv. S23) was partially wilted and ensiled after the application of eitherformic acid–water (1:3, w/v; 7.1 1/t fresh herbage; control diet C) or formic acid–formaldehyde (1:1, w/w; 8·81/t fresh herbage; formaldehyde treated diet F) which supplied 50gHCHO/kg crude protein (nitrogen (N) × 6·25). The two silages were fed separately and a third diet comprising formaldehyde-treated silage, supplemented with urea (20 g/kg dry matter dm) at the time of feeding was also examined (dietFU).

2. The three diets were fed at a level of 16 g dm/kg live weight to six 3- to six-month-old cattle fitted with rumen and re-entrant duodenal cannulas in two 3 × 3 LatinSquare experiments, and measurements were made of the digestion of energy, carbohydrateand N.

3. The formaldehyde-treated silage had a lower content of fermentation acids and ammoma-N and a higher content of water-soluble carbohydrate and total amino acids. The apparent digestibility of organic matter, energy and N were depressed (P < 0·05, P < 0·05 and P < 0·01 respectively) by treatment with formaldehyde, but cellulose and neutral-detergent fibre digestibility were unaffected.

4. Within the rumen the digestion of organic matter, cellulose and neutral-detergent fibre were unaffected by formaldehyde treatment or supplementation with urea. Microbial protein synthesis in the rumen was similar for the three diets (average 131 g/kg apparently digested organic matter in the rumen).

5. The application of formic acid-formaldehyde increased (P < 0·05) the amount of food protein escaping degradation in the rumen (4·76 diet C, 6·89 diet F; 7·07 diet FU g/kg protein intake). The contribution of amino acidsof dietary origin al the duodenum increased (P < 0·05) from 50 (diet C) to 80 (diet F) and 82 (diet FU) g/kg DM intake, and the flow of total amino acids at the duodenum was 33% higher (P < 0·001) in cattle fed formic acid–form aldehyde silage diets compared withthe control silage due to the reduction in degradation of protein at ensiling and in therumen.

Type
Papers on General Nutrition
Information
British Journal of Nutrition , Volume 46 , Issue 1 , July 1981 , pp. 193 - 207
Copyright
Copyright © The Nutrition Society 1981

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