Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-rdxmf Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-25T21:42:45.691Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Digestion, absorption and utilization of single-cell protein by the preruminant calf

The true digestibility of milk and bacterial protein and the apparent digestibility and utilization of their constituent amino acids

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 March 2007

Cynthia A. Sedgman ,
J. H. B. Roy ,
Joanne Thomas ,
I. J. F. Stobo  and
P. Ganderton
Cynthia A. Sedgman
Affiliation:
National Institute for Research in Dairying, Shinfield, Reading RG2 9AT
J. H. B. Roy
Affiliation:
National Institute for Research in Dairying, Shinfield, Reading RG2 9AT
Joanne Thomas
Affiliation:
National Institute for Research in Dairying, Shinfield, Reading RG2 9AT
I. J. F. Stobo
Affiliation:
National Institute for Research in Dairying, Shinfield, Reading RG2 9AT
P. Ganderton
Affiliation:
National Institute for Research in Dairying, Shinfield, Reading RG2 9AT
Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Core share and HTML view are not available for this content. However, as you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button.

1.Two experiments of Latin square design were made, each with four Friesian bull calves fitted with re-entrant duodenal and ileal cannulas at 4–10 d of age. The calves were used to studythe effect of giving milk-substitutes containing 0, 300, 500 and 700 g bacterial protein (Pruteen)/kg total protein on apparent digestibility of nitrogen fractions and amino acids and true digestibility of 3H-labelled milk protein and 35S-labelled bacterial protein in the small intestine. A third experiment of Latin square design with four intact Friesian calves was used to measure apparent digestibility of nutrients throughout the alimentary tract and retention of N, calcium and phosphorus.

2.At the duodenum, volume of outflow, its pH, and outflow of total-N (TN), protein-N (PN) and non-protein-N (NPN) decreased with time after feeding. At the ileum, volume of outflow and TN outflow were unaffected by time after feeding but PN outflow decreased; NPN outflow at the ileum increased to a maximum 6 h after feeding and then declined.

3.Increased inclusion of Pruteen did not affect the volume of outflow at the duodenum or ileum, but duodenal PN outflow increased. At the ileum, pH values were lower and TN, PN and NPN outflows were higher with increasing concentration of Pruteen in the diet. Apparent digestibility in the small intestine tended to decrease with greater amounts of Pruteen, but was only significant for NPN. Apparent digestibility from mouth to ileum significantly decreased for TN and PN as Pruteen inclusion increased.

4.Amino acid concentration in duodenal outflow, with the exception of that of arginine, reflected intake. The total amount of each amino acid in ileal outflow increased and the apparent digestibility of most amino acids decreased with greater amounts of Pruteen in the diet. Apparent digestibility of nucleic acid-N from Pruteen was very high.

5.True digestibility in the small intestine and between mouth and ileum of 3H-labelled milk protein was high and did not differ between dietary treatments. True digestibility of 36S-labelled Pruteen was low for the milk-protein diet and tended to increase linearly as more dietary Pruteen was included.

6.Dry matter concentration in faeces and a high apparent digestibility throughout the whole alimentary tract of carbohydrates did not differ between treatments. Apparent digestibility of dry matter, organic matter, crude protein and fat, apparent absorption of Ca, P and ash throughout the tract, retention of N, Ca and P and biological value of the protein decreased with inclusion rates greater than 300 g Pruteen/kg total dietary protein. The amount of N apparently absorbed in the large intestine was estimated as 0.9 g/d.

7.Comparison of intake of apparently absorbed essential amino acids with requirement suggests that histidine is likely to be the limiting amino acid, assuming that arginine is synthesized in the body.

8.Efficiencies of utilization of protein for tissue synthesis and to cover obligatory loss are estimated as 0.80, 0.75, 0.66 and 0.47 for diets containing 0, 300, 500 and 700 g Pruteen/kg total protein in the diet. Efficiencies of utilization of individual essential amino acids were also estimated.

Type
Papers on General Nutrition
Information
British Journal of Nutrition , Volume 54 , Issue 1 , July 1985 , pp. 219 - 244
Copyright
Copyright © The Nutrition Society 1985

References

Agricultural Research Council (1980). The Nutrient Requirements of Ruminant Livestock. Slough: Commonwealth Agricultural Bureaux.Google Scholar
Armstrong, D. G., Savage, G. P. & Harrison, D. G. (1977). In Proceedings 2nd International Symposium Protein Metabolism and Nutrition, EAAP Publication no. 22, pp. 55–60 [Tamminga, S. editor]. Wageningen: Centre for Agricultural Publishing and Documentation.Google Scholar
Ash, R. W. (1962). Animal Production 4, 309–312.Google Scholar
Blaxter, K. L. & Wood, W. A. (1951). British Journal of Nutrition 5, 11–25.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Buttery, P. J. & Annison, E. F. (1976). Reviews in Rural Science 2, 111–122.Google Scholar
Gaillard, B. D. E. & Van Weerden, E. J. (1976). British Journal of Nutrition 36, 471–478.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gibney, M. J. & Walker, D. M. (1978). Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 29, 133–144.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Goodall, E. D. & Kay, R. N. B. (1965). Journal of Physiology, London 176, 12–23.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hutchinson, J. C. D. & Morris, S. (1936). Biochemical Journal 30, 1682–1694.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mcallan, A. B. & Smith, R. H. (1969). British Journal of Nutrition 23, 671–682.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Moore, S. (1963). Journal of Biological Chemistry 238, 235–237.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Raven, A. M. (1970). Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture 21, 352–359.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rogers, Q.R. (1976). In Protein Metabolism and Nutrition, EAAP Publication no. 16 pp. 279–301. [Cole, D. J. A., editor] London: Butterworths.Google Scholar
Roth, F. X. & Kirchgessner, M. (1978). Zeitschrift für Tierphysiologie, Tierernährung und Futtermittelkunde 41, 29–39.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Roth, F. X., Kirchgessner, M. & Muller, H. L. (1979). Zeitschrift für Tierphysiologie, Tierernährung und Futtermittelkunde 41, 313–325.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rothman, S. (1965). Physiology and Biochemistry of the Skin, p. 352. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.Google Scholar
Roy, J. H. B., Stobo, I. J. F., Shotton, S. M., Ganderton, P. & Gillies, C. M. (1977). British Journal of Nutrition 38, 167–187.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sedgman, C. A. (1980). Studies on the digestion, absorption and utilisation of single cell protein by the preruminant calf. PhD Thesis, University of Reading.Google Scholar
Sedgman, C.A., Roy, J. H. B. & Thomas, J. (1985). British Journal of Nutrition 53, 673–689.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Smith, R. H., Salter, D. N., Sutton, J. D. & McAllan, A. B. (1975). Tracer Studies of Non-protein N for Ruminants, pp. 81–93. Vienna: International Atomic Energy Agency.Google Scholar
Spackman, D. H., Stein, W. H. & Moore, S. (1958). Analytical Chemistry 30, 1190–1206.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Stobo, I. J. F., Roy, J. H. B. & Ganderton, P. (1979). Journal of Agricultural Science, Cambridge 93, 95–110.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Storm, E., Ørskov, E. R. & Smart, R. (1983). British Journal of Nutrition 50, 471–478.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tas, M. V., Axford, R. F. E. & Evans, R. A. (1977). Proceedings of the Nutrition Society 36, 76A.Google Scholar
Technicon Instruments Co.Ltd (1969). Technicon Methodology Sheet 18–69W. Basingstoke: Technicon Instruments Co. Ltd.Google Scholar
Temouth, J. H., Roy, J. H. B., Stobo, I. J. F., Ganderton, P., Gillies, C. M. & Shotton, S. M. (1974). British Journal of Nutrition 32, 37–45.Google Scholar
Temouth, J. H., Roy, J. H. B., Thompson, S. Y., Toothill, J., Gillies, C. M. & Edwards-Webb, J. D. (1975). British Journal of Nutrition 33, 181–196.Google Scholar
Van Weerden, E. J. & Huisman, J. (1977). Animal Feed Science and Technology 2, 377–383.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Walker, A. C. U., Weekes, T. E. C. & Armstrong, D. G. (1979). Protein Metabolism in the Ruminant, pp. 2.1–2.8. London: Agricultural Research Council.Google Scholar
Walker, D. M. & Faichney, A. J. (1964). British Journal of Nutrition 18, 201–207.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Williams, A. P. (1978). Journal of Agricultural Science, Cambridge 90, 617–624.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Williams, A. P. & Hewitt, D. (1979). British Journal of Nutrition 41, 311–319.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Yates, F. (1933). Empire Journal of Experimental Agriculture 1, 129–142.Google Scholar