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Dietary-induced increases of disaccharidase activities in rat jejunum

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 March 2007

Betty K. Samulitis-Dos Santos ,
Toshinao Goda  and
Otakar Koldovsky
Betty K. Samulitis-Dos Santos
Affiliation:
Department of Pediatrics and Physiology, University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson, Arizona 85724, USA and The Committee on Nutritional Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, USA
Toshinao Goda
Affiliation:
Department of Pediatrics and Physiology, University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson, Arizona 85724, USA and The Committee on Nutritional Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, USA
Otakar Koldovsky
Affiliation:
Department of Pediatrics and Physiology, University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson, Arizona 85724, USA and The Committee on Nutritional Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, USA
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Abstract

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A study was carried out to examine whether the responsiveness of small intestinal epithelial cells to dietary carbohydrate varied during the daily 24 h cycle. The effect of sucrose on disaccharidase activities was compared during a period of decreasing disaccharidase activities, i.e. between 22.00 and 10.00 hours, and increasing disaccharidase activities, i.e. between 10.00 and 22.00 hours, in the jejunum of 7-week-old-rats. Rats were fed on a low-starch, high-fat diet (Lst; starch 5 and fat 73% of gross energy), or a high-starch, low-fat diet (Hst; starch 70 and fat 7% of gross energy). Both dietary groups exhibited typical diurnal variations in jejunal sucrase (EC 3.2.1.48), maltase (EC 3.2.1.20) and lactase (EC 3.2.1.23) activities, exhibiting a peak around 22.00 hours and a trough at approximately 10.00 hours. When rats were fed on diet Lst for 7 d and then force-fed on an isoenergetic sucrose diet (S; sucrose 40 and fat 37% of gross energy) for 6 or 12 h they exhibited increased sucrase, maltase and lactase activities compared with rats fed on diet Lst. The absolute increase in disaccharidase activities was similar regardless of the time diet S was given or whether rats were killed at 10.00 hours or at 22.00 hours. Analyses of sucrase and lactase activities along the villus–crypt columns showed that the distribution of cell cohorts that responded to diet S was not influenced by the time of introduction of diet S. These findings suggest that small intestinal epithelial cells possess the ability to respond to dietary carbohydrate throughout the daily 24 h cycle.

Keywords

Dietary carbohydrateDiurnal rhythmDisaccharidase activity
Type
Diurnal Effects in Metabolism
Information
British Journal of Nutrition , Volume 67 , Issue 2 , March 1992 , pp. 267 - 278
Copyright
Copyright © The Nutrition Society 1992

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