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Determinants of the consumption of ultra-processed foods in the Brazilian population

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  28 October 2024

V. N. C. Silveira Open the ORCID record for V. N. C. Silveira [Opens in a new window] ,
A. M. dos Santos  and
A. K. T. C. França
V. N. C. Silveira*
Affiliation:
Postgraduate program in Public Health, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís, Brazil
A. M. dos Santos
Affiliation:
Postgraduate program in Public Health, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís, Brazil
A. K. T. C. França
Affiliation:
Postgraduate program in Public Health, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís, Brazil Physiological Sciences Department, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís, Brazil
*
*Corresponding author: V. N. C. Silveira, email [email protected]
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Abstract

This article aims to evaluate the sociodemographic determinants of ultra-processed foods (UPF) consumption in the Brazilian population ≥ 10 years of age. The study used data from the personal and resident food consumption module of the Family Budget Surveys, grouping foods according to the NOVA classification of food processing. The classification and regression tree (CART) was used to identify the factors determining the lowest to highest percentage participation of UPF in the Brazilian population. UPF accounted for 37·0 % of energy content in 2017–2018. In the end, eight nodes of UPF consumption were identified, with household situation, education in years, age in years and per capita family income being the determining factors identified in the CART. The lowest consumption of UPF occurred among individuals living in rural areas with less than 4 years of education (23·78 %), while the highest consumption occurred among individuals living in urban areas, < 30 years of age and with per capita income ≥ US$257 (46·27 %). The determining factors identified in CART expose the diverse pattern of UPF consumption in the Brazilian population, especially conditions directly associated with access to these products, such as penetration in urban/rural regions. Through the results of this study, it may be possible to identify focal points for action in policies and actions to mitigate UPF consumption.

Keywords

Ultra-processed foodsNutrition surveysSociodemographic factorsBrazil
Type
Research Article
Information
British Journal of Nutrition , Volume 132 , Issue 8 , 28 October 2024 , pp. 1104 - 1109
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Copyright
© The Author(s), 2024. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of The Nutrition Society

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