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Combined effects of a dietary portfolio of plant sterols, vegetable protein, viscous fibre and almonds on LDL particle size

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 March 2007

Benoît Lamarche ,
Sophie Desroches ,
David J. A. Jenkins ,
Cyril W. C. Kendall ,
Augustine Marchie ,
Dorothea Faulkner ,
Edward Vidgen ,
Karen G. Lapsley ,
Elke A. Trautwein  and
Tina L. Parker
...Show all authors
Benoît Lamarche*
Affiliation:
Institute on Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods, Laval University, Ste-Foy, Québec, Canada
Sophie Desroches
Affiliation:
Institute on Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods, Laval University, Ste-Foy, Québec, Canada
David J. A. Jenkins
Affiliation:
Clinical Nutrition and Risk Factor Modification CenterDivision of Endocrinology and Metabolism, St Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, St Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada Departments of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada Departments of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
Cyril W. C. Kendall
Affiliation:
Clinical Nutrition and Risk Factor Modification CenterDivision of Endocrinology and Metabolism, St Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada Departments of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
Augustine Marchie
Affiliation:
Clinical Nutrition and Risk Factor Modification CenterDivision of Endocrinology and Metabolism, St Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada Departments of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
Dorothea Faulkner
Affiliation:
Clinical Nutrition and Risk Factor Modification CenterDivision of Endocrinology and Metabolism, St Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada Departments of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
Edward Vidgen
Affiliation:
Clinical Nutrition and Risk Factor Modification CenterDivision of Endocrinology and Metabolism, St Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada Departments of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
Karen G. Lapsley
Affiliation:
The Almond Board of California, Modesto, California, USA
Elke A. Trautwein
Affiliation:
Unilever Health Institute, Unilever R&D Vlaardingen, The Netherlands
Tina L. Parker
Affiliation:
Clinical Nutrition and Risk Factor Modification CenterDivision of Endocrinology and Metabolism, St Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada Departments of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
Robert G. Josse
Affiliation:
Clinical Nutrition and Risk Factor Modification CenterDivision of Endocrinology and Metabolism, St Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, St Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada Departments of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada Departments of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
Lawrence A. Leiter
Affiliation:
Clinical Nutrition and Risk Factor Modification CenterDivision of Endocrinology and Metabolism, St Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, St Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada Departments of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada Departments of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
Philip W. Connelly
Affiliation:
Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, St Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada Departments of BiochemistryFaculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canadaand Departments of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
*
*Corresponding author: Dr Benoît Lamarche, fax +1 418 656 5877, email [email protected]
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Abstract

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Studies conducted in the last 20 years have led to the identification of small dense LDL as an important risk factor for CVD. Consumption of plant sterols, soyabean proteins, viscous fibre and nuts are known to modulate the risk of CVD favourably through their cholesterol (Chol)-lowering properties, both independently and more recently in combination. Nevertheless, their combined impact on the LDL particle size phenotype has never been tested. In the present study, we assessed the effect of incorporating concurrently plant sterols (1 g/4·2 MJ), soyabean protein (23 g/4·2 MJ), viscous fibre (9 g/4·2 MJ) and almonds (15 g/4·2 MJ) into a diet very low in saturated fat in twelve patients with mildly elevated plasma LDL-Chol levels. Fasting blood lipids were obtained at the start of the study and at 2-week intervals during the 4-week study. The diet-induced reduction in plasma LDL-Chol of 30·0 (SE 3·0) % (P<0·0001) was attributed to concurrent reductions in the serum Chol concentrations of large (>26.0 nm−30 (SE 8) %, P<0·001), medium (25·5–26·0 nm−29 (SE 3) %, P<0·001) and small (<25·5 nm − 21 (SD 6) %, P<0·01) LDL particles, with near maximal reductions seen by week 2. These results indicate that foods and dietary components advocated for their potential to reduce the risk of CVD are effective in reducing serum concentrations of all LDL fractions including small dense LDL, thus potentially further contributing to an overall lower risk of CVD.

Keywords

LDL particle sizePlant sterolsSoyabean proteinViscous dietary fibreAlmonds
Type
Research Article
Information
British Journal of Nutrition , Volume 92 , Issue 4 , October 2004 , pp. 657 - 663
Copyright
Copyright © The Nutrition Society 2004

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