Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-t8hqh Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-26T13:12:31.506Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

The beneficial effect of a diet with low glycaemic index on 24 h glucose profiles in healthy young people as assessed by continuous glucose monitoring

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  08 March 2007

Audrey E. Brynes ,
Jacqui Adamson ,
Anne Dornhorst  and
Gary S. Frost
Audrey E. Brynes
Affiliation:
Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Hammersmith Hospital, Du Cane Road, London, W12 0HS, UK
Jacqui Adamson
Affiliation:
Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Hammersmith Hospital, Du Cane Road, London, W12 0HS, UK
Anne Dornhorst
Affiliation:
Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Hammersmith Hospital, Du Cane Road, London, W12 0HS, UK
Gary S. Frost*
Affiliation:
Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Hammersmith Hospital, Du Cane Road, London, W12 0HS, UK
*
*Corresponding author: Dr G. S. Frost, fax +44 208 383 3379, email [email protected]
Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Core share and HTML view are not available for this content. However, as you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button.

Elevated postprandial glycaemia has been linked to CVD in a number of different epidemiological studies involving predominantly non-diabetic volunteers. The MiniMed continuous glucose monitor, which measures blood glucose every 5 min, over a 24 h period, was used to investigate changes in blood glucose readings before and after instigating a diet with low glycaemic index (GI) for 1 week in free-living healthy individuals. Nine healthy people (age 27 (sem 1·3) years, BMI 23·7 (sem 0·7) kg/m2, one male, eight females) completed the study. A reduction in GI (59·7 (sem 2) v. 52·1 (sem 2), P<0·01) occurred in all nine subjects while energy and other macronutrients remained constant. A significant reduction was also observed in fasting glucose at 06·00 hours (5·4 (sem 0·2) v. 4·4 (sem 0·3) mmol/l, P<0·001), mean glucose (5·6 (sem 0·2) v. 5·1 (sem 0·2) mmol/l, P=0·004), area under the 24 h glucose curve (8102 (sem 243) v. 750 (sem 235) mmol/l per min, P=0·004) and area under the overnight, 8 h glucose curve (2677 (sem 92) v. 2223 (sem 121) mmol/l per min, P=0·01). The present study provides important data on how a simple adjustment to the diet can improve glucose profiles that, if sustained in the long term, would be predicted from epidemiological studies to have a favourable influence on CVD.

Keywords

DietLow glycaemic indexHealthy subjectsContinuous glucose monitoring
Type
Short Communication
Information
British Journal of Nutrition , Volume 93 , Issue 2 , February 2005 , pp. 179 - 182
Copyright
Copyright © The Nutrition Society 2005

References

Brynes, AE, Lee, JL, Brighton, RE, Leeds, AR, Dornhorst, A & Frost, GS (2003a) A low glycemic diet significantly improves the 24-h blood glucose profile in people with type 2 diabetes, as assessed using the continuous glucose MiniMed monitor. Diabetes Care 26, 548–549.Google Scholar
Brynes, AE, Mark Edwards, C, Ghatei, MA, Dornhorst, A, Morgan, LM, Bloom, SR, Frost, GS (2003b) A randomised four-intervention crossover study investigating the effect of carbohydrates on daytime profiles of insulin, glucose, non-esterified fatty acids and triacylglycerols in middle-aged men. Br J Nutr 89, 207–218.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Coutinho, M, Gerstein, HC, Wang, Y & Yusuf, S (1999) The relationship between glucose and incident cardiovascular events. A metaregression analysis of published data from 20 studies of 95,783 individuals followed for 12.4 years. Diabetes Care 22, 233–240.Google Scholar
DECODE Study Group (1999) Glucose tolerance and mortality: comparison of WHO and American Diabetes Association diagnostic criteria. Lancet 354, 617–621.Google Scholar
de Vegt, F, Dekker, JM, Ruhe, HG, Stehouwer, CD, Nijpels, G, Bouter, LM & Heine, RJ (1999) Hyperglycaemia is associated with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in the Hoorn population: the Hoorn Study. Diabetologia 42, 926–931.Google Scholar
Frost, G, Wilding, J & Beecham, J (1994) Dietary advice based on the glycaemic index improves dietary profile and metabolic control in type 2 diabetic patients. Diabet Med 11, 397–401.Google Scholar
Frost, GS, Dornhorst, A & Moses, R (2003) Nutritional Management of Diabetes Mellitus, Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jarrett, RJ, McCartney, P & Keen, H (1982) The Bedford survey: ten year mortality rates in newly diagnosed diabetics, borderline diabetics and normoglycaemic controls and risk indices for coronary heart disease in borderline diabetics. Diabetologia 22, 79–84.Google Scholar
Mastrototaro, J (1999) The MiniMed Continuous Glucose Monitoring System (CGMS). J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab 12, Suppl. 3, 751–758.Google ScholarPubMed
Salmeron, J, Ascherio, A, Rimm, E, Colditz, GA, Spiegelman, D, Jenkins, DJ, Stampfer, MJ, Wing, AL & Willett, WC (1997a) Dietary fiber, glycemic load, and risk of NIDDM in men. Diabetes Care 20, 545–550.Google Scholar
Salmeron, J, Manson, JE, Stampfer, MJ, Colditz, GA, Wing, AL & Willett, WC (1997b) Dietary fiber, glycemic load, and risk of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus in women. J Am Med Assoc 277, 472–477.Google Scholar
Saydah, SH, Miret, M, Sung, J, Varas, C, Gause, D & Brancati, FL (2001) Postchallenge hyperglycemia and mortality in a national sample of US adults. Diabetes Care 24, 1397–1402.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Shige, H, Ishikawa, T, Suzukawa, M, Ito, T, Nakajima, K, Higashi, K, Ayaori, M, Tabata, S, Ohsuzu, F & Nakamura, H (1999) Endothelium-dependent flow-mediated vasodilation in the postprandial state in type 2 diabetes mellitus. American Journal of Cardiology 84, 1272–1774 A9.Google Scholar