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Association between composite dietary antioxidant index and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in adults: results of NHANES 2015–2020 and Mendelian randomisation study

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  03 January 2025

Zhiyi Xiang  and
Heng Wang Open the ORCID record for Heng Wang [Opens in a new window]
Zhiyi Xiang*
Affiliation:
Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, PR China
Heng Wang
Affiliation:
Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, PR China
*
Corresponding author: Zhiyi Xiang; Email: [email protected]
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Abstract

Oxidative stress is present in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD); however, the effect of increased dietary antioxidants on reducing COPD risk remains unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate the association of the composite dietary antioxidant index (CDAI) with COPD in adults. This study conducted a cross-sectional investigation using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) spanning from 2015 to March 2020 to explore the association between CDAI and COPD in adults. This study included 9295 participants. Three logistic regression models (crude model, partially adjusted model and fully adjusted model) and restricted cubic spline (RCS) curves were utilised to assess the association between CDAI levels and COPD risk. Subsequently, a two-sample Mendelian randomisation (MR) was employed to analyse the causal impact of antioxidant levels within CDAI on the occurrence of COPD. CDAI levels were inversely associated with COPD after adjusting for confounders (OR = 0·97, 95 % CI 0·95, 1·00), and the association was linear (P < 0·001), and the results of the RCS showed that CDAI was linearly correlated with COPD occurrence (P < 0·001). MR analysis revealed a causal relationship between vitamin C and COPD occurrence (OR = 0·99, 95 % CI 0·98, 1·00, P < 0·05). Our study indicates that dietary sources of antioxidants may reduce the risk of COPD occurrence, and the results of the MR analysis further show that vitamin C is causally associated with a reduced risk of COPD occurrence. However, further exploration is needed to understand how antioxidants prevent COPD.

Keywords

Chronic obstructive pulmonary diseaseComposite dietary antioxidant indexMendelian randomisation studyNHANESAntioxidants
Type
Research Article
Information
British Journal of Nutrition , First View , pp. 1 - 10
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Copyright
© The Author(s), 2025. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of The Nutrition Society

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Footnotes

†

These authors contributed equally to this work.

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