Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-jn8rn Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-31T23:06:00.388Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Antioxidant status and lipid peroxidation in diabetic pregnancy

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 March 2007

J. H. Bates ,
I. S. Young ,
L. Galway ,
A. I. Traub  and
D. R. Hadden
J. H. Bates
Affiliation:
Royal Maternity and Royal Victoria Hospitals, Belfast BT12 6BA
I. S. Young
Affiliation:
Department of Clinical Biochemistry, The Queen's University of Belfast, Belfast BT12 6BA
L. Galway
Affiliation:
Department of Clinical Biochemistry, The Queen's University of Belfast, Belfast BT12 6BA
A. I. Traub
Affiliation:
Royal Maternity and Royal Victoria Hospitals, Belfast BT12 6BA
D. R. Hadden
Affiliation:
Royal Maternity and Royal Victoria Hospitals, Belfast BT12 6BA
Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Core share and HTML view are not available for this content. However, as you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button.

Pregnancy in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus is associated with a greater incidence of fetal abnormality. Animal studies suggest that increased free-radical production and antioxidant depletion may contribute to this risk. The aim of the present study was, therefore, to assess nutritional antioxidant status and lipid peroxidation in diabetic mothers in comparison with a control group. A 7 d dietary history and a food-frequency questionnaire were performed and venous blood collected for biochemical analyses from thirty-eight diabetic mothers and matched control subjects before 12 weeks gestation. Protein intake was significantly greater in diabetic patients (81.4 (se 14.8) ν. 72.7 (se 15.8) g/d, P = 0.015), while total sugar intake was less (79.5 (se 13.2) ν. 104.8 (se 28.8) g/d, P < 0.001). There were no significant differences in the intake of the major antioxidant vitamins (retinol, vitamin C or vitamin E) or β-carotene. However, intakes of a number of other micronutrients (including Se, Zn, Mg, Mn, riboflavin, thiamin, niacin and folate) were greater in diabetic patients. Among the nutritional chain-breaking antioxidants, serum levels of α-tocopherol (21.6 (se 5.7) ν. 17.3 (se 4.7) μmol/1, P = 0.0013), β-carotene (0.27 (se 0.18) ν. 0.14 (se 0.11) μmol/1, P = 0.003) and lycopene (0.23 (se 0.17) ν. 0.16 (se 0.13) μmol/1, P = 0.03) were greater in diabetic patients. There was no evidence of greater lipid peroxidation in diabetic patients, and total antioxidant capacity was similar in the two groups. Overall, these results indicate that nutritional antioxidant status is better in this group of diabetic mothers than in control pregnant non-diabetic subjects attending the same maternity hospital.

Keywords

PregnancyDiabetes mellitusAntioxidants
Type
Human and Clinical Nutrition
Information
British Journal of Nutrition , Volume 78 , Issue 4 , October 1997 , pp. 523 - 532
Copyright
Copyright © The Nutrition Society 1997

References

REFERENCES

Acheson, K. J., Campbell, I. T., Edholm, O. G., Miller, D. S., Stock, M. J. (1980) The measurement of food and energy intake in man – an evaluation of some techniques. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 33, 1147–1154.Google Scholar
Anderson, A. S. (1993) Nutrition knowledge, attitude to healthier eating and dietary intake in pregnant compared to non-pregnant women. Journal of Human Nutrition and Dietetics 4, 335–354.Google Scholar
Armstrong, A. M., Chestnutt, J. E., Gormley, M. J. & Young, I. S. (1996) The effect of dietary treatment on lipid peroxidation and antioxidant status in newly diagnosed non-insulin dependent diabetes. Free Radical Biology and Medicine 21, 719–726.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Baynes, J. W. (1991) Role of oxidative stress in development of complications in diabetes. Diabetes 40, 405–412.Google ScholarPubMed
Bingham, S. (1987) The dietary assessment of individuals. Methods, accuracy, new techniques and recommendations. Nutrition Abstracts and Reviews 5, 705–742.Google Scholar
Black, A. E., Goldberg, G. R., Jebb, S. A., Livingstone, M. B. E., Cole, T. J. & Prentice, A. M. (1991) Critical evaluation of energy intake data using fundamental principles of energy physiology. European Journal of Clinical Nutrition 45, 583–599.Google Scholar
Bolton-Smith, C., Casey, C. E., Gey, K. F., Smith, W. C. S. & Tunstall-Pedoe, H. (1991) Antioxidant vitamin intakes assessed using a food-frequency questionnaire: correlation with biochemical status in smokers and non-smokers. British Journal of Nutrition 65, 337–346.Google Scholar
Burke, B. S. (1947) The dietary history as a tool in research. Journal of the American Dietetic Association 23, 1041–1046.Google Scholar
Cunningham, J. J., Ellis, S. L., McVeigh, K. L., Levine, R. E. & Calles-Escandon, J. (1991) Reduced mononuclear leucocyte ascorbic acid content in adults with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus consuming adequate dietary vitamin C. Metabolism 40, 146–149.Google Scholar
Department of Health (1991) Dietary Reference Values for Food Energy and Nutrients for the United Kingdom. Report on Health and Social Subjects no. 41. London: H. M. Stationery Office.Google Scholar
Department of Health (1991) The Northern Ireland Census. Belfast: H. M. Stationery Office.Google Scholar
Ellman, G. L. (1959) Tissue sulfhydryl groups. Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics 82, 70–77.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Eriksson, U. J. (1994). The antioxidants Trolox® and N-acetyl-cysteine protect rat embryos from the teratogenic effects of a diabetic environment in vitro. Diabetes 43, Suppl. 1, A136.Google Scholar
Eriksson, U. J. & Borg, L. A. H. (1991 a) Protection by free oxygen radical scavenging enzymes against glucose-induced embryonic malformations in vitro. Diabetologia 34, 325–331.Google Scholar
Eriksson, U. J. & Borg, L. A. H. (1991 b) Embryonic malformations in a diabetic environment are caused by mitochondrial generation of free oxygen radicals. Diabetologia 34, Suppl. 2, A5.Google Scholar
Eriksson, U. J. & Siman, C. M. (1995) Butylated hydroxytoluene reduces congenital malformations in the offspring of diabetic rats. Diabetologia 38, Suppl. 1, A22.Google Scholar
Faure, P., Corticelli, P., Richard, M. J., Arnaud, J., Coudray, C., Halimi, S., Favier, A. & Roussel, A. M. (1993) Lipid peroxidation and trace element status in diabetic ketotic patients: influence of insulin therapy. Clinical Chemistry 39, 789–793.Google Scholar
Gregory, J., Foster, K., Tyler, H. & Wiseman, M. (1990) The Dietary and Nutritional Survey of British Adults. London: H. M. Stationery Office.Google Scholar
Hadden, D. R. (1990) Pregnancy problems in diabetes. In Current Medicine 2. Royal College of Physicians of Edinburgh, pp. 87–104 [Lawson, D. H. editor]. Edinburgh: Churchill Livingstone.Google Scholar
Hadden, D. R. (1991) Medical managements of diabetes in pregnancy. Baillières Clinical Obstetrics and Gynaecology 5, 369–394.Google Scholar
Holland, B., Welch, A. A., Unwin, I., Buss, D. H., Paul, A. A. & Southgate, D. A. T. (1991) McCance and Widdowson's The Composition of Foods, 5th ed. Cambridge: Royal Society of Chemistry/Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food.Google Scholar
Ito, Y., Ochiai, J., Sasaki, R., Suzuki, S., Kusuhara, Y., Morimitsu, Y., Otani, M. & Aoki, K. (1990) Serum concentrations of carotenoids, retinol, and alpha-tocopherol in healthy persons determined by high-performance liquid chromatography. Clinica Chimica Acta 194, 131–144.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Jenkinson, P. C., Anderson, D. & Gangolli, S. D. (1986) Malformations induced in cultured rat embryos by enzymatically generated activated oxygen species. Teratogenicity Carcinogenesis and Mutagens 6, 547–554.Google Scholar
Jennings, P. E. & Barnett, A. H. (1988) New approaches to the pathogenesis and treatment of diabetic microangiopathy. Diabetic Medicine 5, 111–117.Google Scholar
Livingstone, M. B., Prentice, A. M., Coward, W. A., Strain, J. J., Black, A. E., Davies, P. E., Stewart, C. M., McKenna, P. G. & Whitehead, R. G. (1992) Validation of estimates of energy intake by weighed dietary intake and diet history in children and adolescents. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 56, 29–35.Google Scholar
Livingstone, M. B., Prentice, A. M., Strain, J. J., Coward, W. A., Black, A. E., Barker, M. E., McKenna, P. G. & Whitehead, R. G. (1990) Accuracy of weighed dietary records in studies of diet and health. British Medical Journal 300, 708–712.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Lyons, T. J. (1991) Oxidised low density lipoproteins: a role in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis in diabetes? Diabetic Medicine 8, 411–419.Google Scholar
McLennan, S. V., Heffernen, S., Wright, L., Rae, C., Fisher, E., Yue, D. K. & Turtle, J. R. (1991) Changes in hepatic glutathione metabolism in diabetes. Diabetes 40, 344–348.Google Scholar
Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food (1993) Food Portion Sizes, 2nd ed. London: H. M. Stationery Office.Google Scholar
Morris, G. M. & New, D. A. T. (1979) Effect of oxygen concentration on morphogenesis of cranial neural folds and neural crest in cultured rat embryos. Journal of Embryology and Experimental Morphology 54, 17–35.Google Scholar
Nelson, M., Black, A., Morris, J. & Cole, T. (1989) Between- and within-subject variation in nutrient intake from infancy to old age – estimating the number of days required to rank dietary intakes with desired precision. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 50, 156–167.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Noberasco, G., Odetti, P., Boeri, D., Maiello, M. & Adezati, L. (1991) Malondialdehyde (MDA) level in diabetic subjects. Relationship with blood glucose and glycosylated haemoglobin. Biomedical Pharmacotherapeutics 45, 193–196.Google Scholar
Prentice, A. M., Black, A. E., Coward, W. A., Davies, H. L., Goldberg, G. R., Ashford, J., Sawyer, M. & Whitehead, R. G. (1986) High levels of energy expenditure in obese women. British Medical Journal 292, 983–987.Google Scholar
Prentice, A. M., Spaaij, C. J. K., Goldberg, G. R., Poppitt, S. D., van Raaij, J. M. A., Totton, M., Swann, D. & Black, A. E. (1996). Energy requirements of pregnant and lactating women. European Journal of Clinical Nutrition 50, Suppl. 1, s82–s111.Google ScholarPubMed
Robson, P., Livingstone, M. B. E. & McKenna, P. G. (1994) Estimation of food portion size using household measures and food photographs: a comparison. Proceedings of the Nutrition Society 53, 233A.Google Scholar
Schofield, W. N. (1985) Predicting basal metabolic rate, new standards and review of previous work. Human Nutrition: Clinical Nutrition 39C, Suppl. 1, 5–41.Google Scholar
Siman, C. M., Borg, L. A. H. & Eriksson, U. J. (1995) Vitamin E treatment blocks dysmorphogenesis in embryos of diabetic rats. Diabetologia 38, Suppl. 1, A22.Google Scholar
Sinclair, A. J., Girling, A. J., Gray, L., Le Guen, C., Lunec, J. & Barnett, A. H. (1991) Disturbed handling of ascorbic acid in diabetic patients with and without microangiopathy during high dose ascorbate supplementation. Diabetologia 34, 171–175.Google Scholar
Speek, A. J., Schrijver, J. & Schreurs, W. H. P. (1984) Fluorometric determination of total vitamin C in whole blood by high-performance liquid chromatography with pre-column derivatisation. Journal of Chromatography 305, 53–60.Google Scholar
Steele, J. M. (1996) Pre-pregnancy care. In Diabetes and Pregnancy; An International Approach to Diagnosis and Management, pp. 101–119 [Dornhorst, A. and Hadden, D.R., editors]. Chichester: John Wiley.Google Scholar
Tho, L. L., Candlish, J. K. & Thai, A. C. (1988) Correlates of diabetes markers with erythrocytic enzymes decomposing reactive oxygen species. Annals of Clinical Biochemistry 25, 426–431.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Whitehead, T. P., Thorpe, G. H. G. & Maxwell, S. R. J. (1991) Enhanced chemiluminescent assay for antioxidant capacity in biological fluids. Analytica Chimica Acta 266, 265–277.Google Scholar
Wolff, S. P., Jiang, Z. Y. & Hunt, J. V. (1991) Protein glycation and oxidative stress in diabetes mellitus and ageing. Free Radical Biology and Medicine 10, 339–352.Google Scholar
Young, I. S., Torney, J. J. & Trimble, E. R. (1992) The effect of ascorbate supplementation on oxidative stress in the streptozotocin diabetic rat. Free Radical Biology and Medicine 13, 41–46.Google Scholar
Young, I. S. & Trimble, E. R. (1991) Measurement of malondialdehyde in plasma by high performance liquid chromatography with fluorimetric detection. Annals of Clinical Biochemistry 28, 504–508.Google Scholar