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Adaptive changes in energy expenditure during mild and severe feed restriction in the rat

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 March 2007

Patrick C. Even  and
S. Nicolaïdis
Patrick C. Even
Affiliation:
Laborataire de Neurobiologie des Régulations, C.N.R.S. URA 637, Collége de France, 11 Place M. Berthelot, F75231 Paris Cédex 05, France
S. Nicolaïdis
Affiliation:
Laborataire de Neurobiologie des Régulations, C.N.R.S. URA 637, Collége de France, 11 Place M. Berthelot, F75231 Paris Cédex 05, France
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Abstract

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Using a new-generation open-circuit calorimeter capable of monitoring the cost of activity, and thereby both the real thermic effect of feeding (TEF) and basal metabolism in free-moving freely-feeding rats, we have reassessed the proposal that when food intake is restricted an adaptative reduction in energy expenditure participates in the achievement of energy balance. Total energy expenditure, energy expenditure due to spontaneous activity, TEF, basal energy expenditure and respiratory quotient (RQ) were computed by indirect calorimetry in rats given either a mildly restricted (MR) feed intake for 20–30 d (17 g feed/d) or a severely restricted (SR) feed intake for 1–10 d (4 g feed/d). In MR rats no significant changes in any of the measured variables were observed. In contrast, SR rats exhibited an adaptative reduction in energy expenditure due to a reduced spontaneous activity and probably also due to a reduced basal energy expenditure. On the other hand none of the animals fed on a restricted feed intake showed an adaptative TEF decrease, suggesting that TEF under ad lib. feeding is rather an obligatory process that does not include an adaptative component. Taken together, these results point out that under restricted feeding most of the decrease in energy expenditure is associated with simple passive mechanisms, such as body weight loss, and with the reduced feed intake per se. Only under severe feed restriction can some additional energetic economy be obtained from a possible reduction of basal metabolism, and to some extent from reduced activity.

Keywords

CalorimetryEnergy expenditureThermic effect of feedingRespiratory quotientFeed restriction
Type
Energy Metabolism
Information
British Journal of Nutrition , Volume 70 , Issue 2 , September 1993 , pp. 421 - 431
Copyright
Copyright © The Nutrition Society 1993

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