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Absorption, tissue distribution and excretion of pelargonidin and its metabolites following oral administration to rats

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  08 March 2007

Manal Abd El Mohsen ,
Joanne Marks ,
Gunter Kuhnle ,
Kevin Moore ,
Edward Debnam ,
S. Kaila Srai ,
Catherine Rice-Evans  and
Jeremy P. E. Spencer
Manal Abd El Mohsen
Affiliation:
Molecular Nutrition Group, School of Food Biosciences, University of Reading, PO Box 226, Whiteknights, Reading RG6 6AP, UK GKT School of Biomedical Sciences, King's CollegeAntioxidant Research Group, Wolfson Centre for Age-Related Diseases, London SE1 9RT, UK
Joanne Marks
Affiliation:
Royal Free and University College MedicalSchool, Department of Physiology and Departmentof Biochemistry & Molecular Biology,Royal Free Campus, London NW3 2PF, UK
Gunter Kuhnle
Affiliation:
GKT School of Biomedical Sciences, King's CollegeAntioxidant Research Group, Wolfson Centre for Age-Related Diseases, London SE1 9RT, UK
Kevin Moore
Affiliation:
Royal Free and University College Medical School, Centre of Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Royal Free Campus, London NW3 2PF, UK
Edward Debnam
Affiliation:
Royal Free and University College MedicalSchool, Department of Physiology and Departmentof Biochemistry & Molecular Biology,Royal Free Campus, London NW3 2PF, UK
S. Kaila Srai
Affiliation:
Royal Free and University College MedicalSchool, Department of Physiology and Departmentof Biochemistry & Molecular Biology,Royal Free Campus, London NW3 2PF, UK
Catherine Rice-Evans
Affiliation:
GKT School of Biomedical Sciences, King's CollegeAntioxidant Research Group, Wolfson Centre for Age-Related Diseases, London SE1 9RT, UK
Jeremy P. E. Spencer*
Affiliation:
Molecular Nutrition Group, School of Food Biosciences, University of Reading, PO Box 226, Whiteknights, Reading RG6 6AP, UK
*
*Corresponding author: Dr Jeremy P. E. Spencer, fax +44 (0)118 931 0080, email [email protected]
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Abstract

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Recent reports have demonstrated various cardiovascular and neurological benefits associated with the consumption of foods rich in anthocyanidins. However, information regarding absorption, metabolism, and especially, tissue distribution are only beginning to accumulate. In the present study, we investigated the occurrence and the kinetics of various circulating pelargonidin metabolites, and we aimed at providing initial information with regard to tissue distribution. Based on HPLC and LC-MS analyses we demonstrate that pelargonidin is absorbed and present in plasma following oral gavage to rats. In addition, the main structurally related pelargonidin metabolite identified in plasma and urine was pelargonidin glucuronide. Furthermore, p-hydroxybenzoic acid, a ring fission product of pelargonidin, was detected in plasma and urine samples obtained at 2 and 18h after ingestion. At 2h post-gavage, pelargonidin glucuronide was the major metabolite detected in kidney and liver, with levels reaching 0·5 and 0·15nmol pelargonidin equivalents/g tissue, respectively. Brain and lung tissues contained detectable levels of the aglycone, with the glucuronide also present in the lungs. Other tissues, including spleen and heart, did not contain detectable levels of pelargonidin or ensuing metabolites. At 18h post-gavage, tissue analyses did not reveal detectable levels of the aglycone nor of pelargonidin glucuronides. Taken together, our results demonstrate that the overall uptake of the administered pelargonidin was 18% after 2h, with the majority of the detected levels located in the stomach. However, the amounts recovered dropped to 1·2% only 18h post-gavage, with the urine and faecal content constituting almost 90% of the total recovered pelargonidin.

Keywords

AnthocyanidinPelargonidinAbsorptionDistributionMetabolism
Type
Research Article
Information
British Journal of Nutrition , Volume 95 , Issue 1 , January 2006 , pp. 51 - 58
Copyright
Copyright © The Nutrition Society 2006

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