Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-t5tsf Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-07T08:34:29.553Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Absorption of very-long-chain saturated fatty acids in totally hydrogenated fish oil

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 March 2007

Linda Granlund ,
Laila N. Larsen ,
Erling N. Christiansen  and
Jan I. Pedersen
Linda Granlund
Affiliation:
Institute for Nutrition Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, 0316 Oslo, Norway
Laila N. Larsen
Affiliation:
Institute of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, 0316 Oslo, Norway
Erling N. Christiansen
Affiliation:
Institute for Nutrition Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, 0316 Oslo, Norway
Jan I. Pedersen*
Affiliation:
Institute for Nutrition Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, 0316 Oslo, Norway
*
*Corresponding author: Dr Jan I. Pederson, fax +47 22 85 13[email protected]
Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Core share and HTML view are not available for this content. However, as you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button.

Partially hydrogenated fish oil (PHFO) contains a high amount of trans fatty acids (TFA). Total hydrogenation results in a minimal amount of TFA, but a high content of very-long-chain saturated fatty acids (VLCSFA). Absorption and metabolism of VLCSFA from totally hydrogenated fish oil (THFO) were studied in rats. Groups of eight rats were fed one of four diets containing 40 g soyabean oil (SBO)/kg (low-fat diet), 150 g SBO/kg (SBO diet), 40 g SBO+110 g PHFO/kg (PHFO diet) or 40 g SBO+110 g THFO/kg (THFO diet) for 4 weeks. A lower absorption coefficient of the fat content was found in the THFO group (61 %) compared with the other groups (PHFO 95 %, SBO 99 %, low fat 98 %; P<0·05), which was mainly due to reduced absorption of VLCSFA. A reduced weight gain was found for the THFO group compared with the other groups, but this was only significant when compared with the SBO group (P<0·05). Faecal fat excretion (dry weight) was markedly increased in the THFO group (47 %), which was 2·4, 4·8 and 8·3 times higher compared with the groups fed PHFO, SBO and low-fat diets (P<0·05), respectively. Serum total cholesterol was reduced for the PHFO and THFO groups (P<0·05), whereas serum triacylglycerol was increased for the PHFO group compared with the other groups (P<0·05). Animals fed THFO diet had an increased content of 20:0 and 22:0 in the serum triacylglycerol fraction (P<0·05), whereas only 20:0 was increased in the serum phospholipid fraction (P<0·05). The low absorption coefficient of THFO must be considered if this fat is to be used for consumption by animals or man.

Keywords

Dietary fatHydrogenated fish oilBioavailability
Type
Research Article
Information
British Journal of Nutrition , Volume 84 , Issue 5 , November 2000 , pp. 681 - 688
Copyright
Copyright © The Nutrition Society 2000

References

Almendingen, K, Jordal, O, Kierulf, P, Sanstad, B and Pedersen, JI (1995) Effects of partially hydrogenated fish oil, partially hydrogenated soybean oil and butter on serum lipoproteins and Lp (a) in men.Journal of Lipid Research 36, 1370–1384.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Apgar, JL, Shively, CA and Tarka, SMJ (1987) Digestibility of cocoa butter and corn oil and their influence on fatty acid distribution in rats.Journal of Nutrition 117, 660–665.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ascherio, A, Hennekens, CH, Buring, JU, Master, C, Stampfer, MJ and Willet, WC (1994) Trans-fatty acids intake and risk of myocardial infarction.Circulation 89, 94–101.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Bergstedt, SE, Hayashi, H, Kritchevsky, D and Tso, P (1990) A comparison of absorption of glycerol tristearate and glycerol trioleate by rat small intestine.American Journal of Physiology 259, G386–G393.Google ScholarPubMed
Chen, IS, Subramaniam, S, Vahouny, GV, Cassidy, MM, Ikeda, I and Kritchevsky, D (1989) A comparison of the digestion and absorption of cocoa butter and palm kernel oil and their effects on cholesterol absorption in rats.Journal of Nutrition 119, 1569–1573.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Christiansen, RZ, Christiansen, EN and Bremer, J (1979) The stimulation of erucate metabolism in isolated rat hepatocytes by rapeseed oil and marine oil-containing diets.Biochimica et Biophysica Acta 573, 417–429.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Duthie, F, Barlow, SM, Ashby, R, Tesh, JM, Whitney, JC, Saunders, A, Chapman, E, Norum, KR, Svaar, H and Opstvedt, J (1988) Feeding of partially hydrogenated fish oil to rats in comparison with partially hydrogenated soybean oil and refined rapeseed oil.Acta Medica Scandinavica Supplementum 726, 1–89.Google ScholarPubMed
Flatmark, T, Nilsson, A, Kvannes, J, Eikhom, TS, Fukami, MH, Kryvi, H and Christiansen, EN (1988) On the mechanism of induction of the enzyme systems for peroxisomal β-oxidation of fatty acids in rat liver by diets rich in partially hydrogenated fish oil.Biochimica et Biophysica Acta 962, 122–130.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Folch, J, Lees, M and Stanley, GHS (1957) A simple method for the isolation and purification of total lipides from animal tissues.Journal of Biological Chemistry 226, 497–509.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Gunstone, FD, Harwood, JL and Padley, FB (1986) The Lipid Handbook 59– and 452London, New York: Chapman and Hall.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hansen, L and Holm, H (1971) Apparatus for collecting faeces and urine from rats in metabolic experiments.Laboratory Animals 5, 221–224.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hill, JO, Peters, JC, Swift, LL, Yang, D, Sharp, T, Abumrad, N and Greene, HL (1990) Changes in blood lipids during six days of overfeeding with medium or long chain triglycerides.Journal of Lipid Research 31, 407–416.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hoshi, M, Williams, M and Kishimoto, Y (1973) Esterification of fatty acids at room temperature by chloroform–methanolic HCl–cupric acetate.Journal of Lipid Research 14, 599–601.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ishii, H, Fukumori, N, Horie, S and Suga, T (1980) Effects of fat content in the diet on hepatic peroxisomes of the rat.Biochimica et Biophysica Acta 617, 1–11.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Jandacek, RJ, Hollenbach, EJ, Kuehlthau, CM and Steimle, AR (1993) Effects of dietary behenate and a caprenin-like fat on lipids in the hamster.Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry 4, 243–249.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kamei, M, Ohgaki, S, Kanbe, T, Niiya, I, Mizutani, H, Matsui-Yuasa, I, Otani, S and Morita, S (1995) Effects of highly hydrogenated soybean oil and cholesterol on plasma, liver cholesterol and fecal steroids in rats.Lipids 30, 533–539.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kaplan, JR and Greenwood, CE (1998) Poor digestibility of fully hydrogenated soybean oil in rats: A potential benefit of hydrogenated fats and oils.Journal of Nutrition 128, 875–880.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kritchevsky, D (1994) Stearic acid metabolism and atherogenesis: history.American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 60, 997S–1001S.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Larsen, LN, Bremer, J, Flock, S and Skattebøl, L (1998) α- and β-alkyl-substituted eicosapentaenoic acids. Incorporation into phospholipids and effects on prostaglandin H synthase and 5-lipoxygenase.Biochemical Pharmacology 55, 405–411.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Mattson, FH (1959) The absorbability of stearic acid when fed as a simple or mixed triglyceride.Journal of Nutrition 69, 338–342.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mensink, RP and Katan, MB (1989) Effect of diet enriched with monounsaturated or polyunsaturated fatty acids on levels of low-density and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol in healthy women and men.New England Journal of Medicine 321, 436–441.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Monsma, CC, Gallaher, DD and Ney, DM (1996) Reduced digestibility of beef tallow and cocoa butter affects bile acid excretion and reduces hepatic esterified cholesterol in rats.Journal of Nutrition 126, 2028–2035.Google ScholarPubMed
Neat, CE, Thomassen, MS and Osmundsen, H (1980) Induction of peroxisomal β-oxidation in rat by high-fat diets.Biochemical Journal 186, 369–371.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Neat, CE, Thomassen, MS and Osmundsen, H (1981) Effects of high-fat diets on hepatic fatty acid oxidation in the rat.Biochemical Journal 196, 149–159.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Peters, JC, Lawson, KD, Middleton, SJ and Triebwasser, KC (1997) Assessment of nutritional effects of olestra, a nonabsorbed fat replacement: introduction and overview.Journal of Nutrition 127, 1546S–1593S.Google ScholarPubMed
Prydz, K, Kase, BF, Bjørkhem, I and Pedersen, JI (1988) Subcellular localization of 3α, 7α, 12α-trihydroxy-5β-cholestanoyl-coenzyme A ligase(s) in rat liver.Journal of Lipid Research 29, 997–1004.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ruyter, B, Lund, JS, Thomassen, MS and Christiansen, EN (1992) Studies of dihydroxyacetone phosphate acyltransferase in rat small intestine. Subcellular localization and effect of partially hydrogenated fish oil and clofibrate.Biochemical Journal 282, 565–570.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Sebedio, JL (1992) Oils & Fats Manual. A Comprehensive Treatise. Properties, Production, Applications vol. 1, 266–276.[Karleskind, A, editor]. London, Paris, New York:Intercept Ltd.Google Scholar
Small, GM, Burdett, K and Connock, MJ (1985) A sensitive spectrophotometric assay for peroxisomal acyl-CoA oxidase.Biochemical Journal 227, 205–210.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Spydevold, O and Bremer, J (1989) Induction of peroxisomal β-oxidation in 7800 C1 Morris hepatoma cells in steady state by fatty acids and fatty acid analogues.Biochimica et Biophysica Acta 1003, 72–79.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Thomassen, MS, Strøm E, Christiansen, EN and Norum, KR (1979) Effect of marine oil and rapeseed oil on consumption of fatty acids in lipoprotein triacylglycerides from rat blood plasma and liver perfusate.Lipids 14, 58–65.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Weisgraber, KH, Mahley, RW and Assmann, G (1977) The rat arginine-rich apoprotein and its redistribution following injection of iodinated lipoproteins into normal and hypercholesterolemic rats.Atherosclerosis 28, 121–140.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed