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The effects of conjugated linoleic acid supplementation on cardiovascular risk factors in patients at risk of cardiovascular disease: A GRADE-assessed systematic review and dose–response meta-analysis

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  23 October 2024

Maryam Esmaeilnejad ,
Niloufar Rasaei ,
Kian Goudarzi ,
Zahra Behrouz Dehkordi ,
Sina Dolatshahi ,
Hossein Salehi Omran ,
Niusha Amirani ,
Damoon Ashtary-Larky Open the ORCID record for Damoon Ashtary-Larky [Opens in a new window] ,
Ghazaleh Shimi Open the ORCID record for Ghazaleh Shimi [Opens in a new window]  and
Omid Asbaghi Open the ORCID record for Omid Asbaghi [Opens in a new window]
Maryam Esmaeilnejad
Affiliation:
Faculty of Nutritional Sciences, Justus Liebig University, 35392 Giessen, Germany
Niloufar Rasaei
Affiliation:
Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
Kian Goudarzi
Affiliation:
Faculty of medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical sciences, Tehran, Iran
Zahra Behrouz Dehkordi
Affiliation:
Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
Sina Dolatshahi
Affiliation:
Faculty of medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical sciences, Tehran, Iran
Hossein Salehi Omran
Affiliation:
Faculty of medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical sciences, Tehran, Iran
Niusha Amirani
Affiliation:
Faculty of Medicine, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Damoon Ashtary-Larky
Affiliation:
Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
Ghazaleh Shimi*
Affiliation:
Department of Cellular and Molecular Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition Science and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, 1981619573 Tehran, Iran
Omid Asbaghi*
Affiliation:
Cancer Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Student Research Committee, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
*
*Corresponding authors: Ghazaleh Shimi, email [email protected]; Omid Asbaghi, email [email protected]
*Corresponding authors: Ghazaleh Shimi, email [email protected]; Omid Asbaghi, email [email protected]
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Abstract

The present systematic review and meta-analysis sought to evaluate the effects of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) supplementation on cardiovascular risk factors in patients at risk of CVD. Relevant studies were obtained by searching the PubMed, SCOPUS and Web of Science databases (from inception to January 2023). Weighted mean differences (WMD) and 95% CI were pooled using a random-effects model. Heterogeneity, sensitivity analysis and publication bias were reported using standard methods. A pooled analysis of 14 randomised controlled trials (RCT) with 17 effect sizes revealed that CLA supplementation led to significant reductions in body weight (WMD: −0·72 kg, 95% CI: −1·11, −0·33, P < 0·001), BMI (WMD: −0·22 kg/m2, 95% CI: −0·44, −0·00, P = 0·037) and body fat percentage (BFP) (WMD: −1·32 %, 95% CI: −2·24, −0·40, P = 0·005). However, there was no effect on lipid profile and blood pressure in comparison with the control group. In conclusion, CLA supplementation may yield a small but significant beneficial effect on anthropometric indices in patients at risk of CVD. Moreover, CLA seems not to have adverse effects on lipid profiles and blood pressure in patients at risk of CVD. It should be noted that the favourable effects of CLA supplementation on anthropometric variables were small and may not reach clinical importance.

Keywords

Conjugated linoleic acidLipid profileBlood pressureBody weightMeta-analysis
Type
Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Information
British Journal of Nutrition , Volume 132 , Issue 7 , 14 October 2024 , pp. 919 - 934
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Copyright
© The Author(s), 2024. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of The Nutrition Society

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