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The concentration of hemoglobin is associated with the dietary iron availability, food insecurity and the use of oral contraceptives among women in socially vulnerable areas of a capital city in northeastern Brazil

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  17 October 2024

Thays Lane Ferreira dos Santos ,
Terezinha da Rocha Ataide ,
Eduardo De Carli ,
Nassib Bezerra Bueno Open the ORCID record for Nassib Bezerra Bueno [Opens in a new window] ,
Gabriel Soares Bádue Open the ORCID record for Gabriel Soares Bádue [Opens in a new window] ,
Telma Maria de Menezes Toledo Florêncio  and
Luiz Gonzaga Ribeiro Silva-Neto Open the ORCID record for Luiz Gonzaga Ribeiro Silva-Neto [Opens in a new window]
Thays Lane Ferreira dos Santos
Affiliation:
Programa de Pós-Graduação em Nutrição, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, R. Botucatu, 740-Vila Clementino, São Paulo, SP 04023-062, Brasil Programa de Pós-Graduação em Nutrição, Faculdade de Nutrição, Universidade Federal de Alagoas, Avenida Lourival Melo Mota, s/n. Tabuleiro dos Martins, Maceió, AL, CEP: 57072-900, Brasil
Terezinha da Rocha Ataide
Affiliation:
Programa de Pós-Graduação em Nutrição, Faculdade de Nutrição, Universidade Federal de Alagoas, Avenida Lourival Melo Mota, s/n. Tabuleiro dos Martins, Maceió, AL, CEP: 57072-900, Brasil
Eduardo De Carli
Affiliation:
Faculdade de Saúde Pública, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Dr. Arnaldo, 715 - São Paulo, SP, CEP - 01246-90, Brasil
Nassib Bezerra Bueno
Affiliation:
Programa de Pós-Graduação em Nutrição, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, R. Botucatu, 740-Vila Clementino, São Paulo, SP 04023-062, Brasil Programa de Pós-Graduação em Nutrição, Faculdade de Nutrição, Universidade Federal de Alagoas, Avenida Lourival Melo Mota, s/n. Tabuleiro dos Martins, Maceió, AL, CEP: 57072-900, Brasil
Gabriel Soares Bádue
Affiliation:
Programa de Pós-Graduação em Nutrição, Faculdade de Nutrição, Universidade Federal de Alagoas, Avenida Lourival Melo Mota, s/n. Tabuleiro dos Martins, Maceió, AL, CEP: 57072-900, Brasil
Telma Maria de Menezes Toledo Florêncio
Affiliation:
Programa de Pós-Graduação em Nutrição, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, R. Botucatu, 740-Vila Clementino, São Paulo, SP 04023-062, Brasil Programa de Pós-Graduação em Nutrição, Faculdade de Nutrição, Universidade Federal de Alagoas, Avenida Lourival Melo Mota, s/n. Tabuleiro dos Martins, Maceió, AL, CEP: 57072-900, Brasil
Luiz Gonzaga Ribeiro Silva-Neto*
Affiliation:
Programa de Pós-Graduação em Nutrição, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, R. Botucatu, 740-Vila Clementino, São Paulo, SP 04023-062, Brasil
*
*Corresponding author: Luiz Gonzaga Ribeiro Silva-Neto, email [email protected]
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Abstract

This study aimed to assess hemoglobin concentration and its association with oral contraceptive (OC) use, food insecurity (FI) and dietary iron availability (DIA) in adult women of reproductive age (20–44 years). This is a population-based cross-sectional study that analysed 505 women living in favelas and urban communities in a capital city in northeastern Brazil. Hemoglobin concentration was determined using capillary blood samples. FI and DIA were assessed using the Brazilian Food Insecurity Scale and the 24-h food recall, respectively. Association analysis was carried out using logistic regression. A directed acyclic graph (DAG) was designed to illustrate the causal paths between hemoglobin concentration and DIA. A significance level of 5 % was adopted. Low hemoglobin concentrations (11·2 g/dl: (1·79)) and a high prevalence of anaemia (64·0 %) were observed; 28·7 % used OC (28·7 %) and 76·4 % were in FI. An average energetic intake of 1495 kcal/d (482·0) and 0·46 mg/d (0·27) of DIA were also observed. In the DAG-guided multivariable analysis, it was observed that hemoglobin concentrations ≥ 12 mg/dl were directly associated with higher DIA (OR: 1·67; 95 % CI (1. 08, 2·59)) and OC use (OR: 1·67; 95 % CI (1·10, 2·55)) and inversely associated with mild FI (OR: 0·60; 95 % CI (0·37, 0·96)) or severe FI (OR: 0·37; 95 % CI: (0·18, 0·76)). Women taking OC and with a higher DIA were less likely to have low hemoglobin concentrations, while those in the context of FI were in the opposite situation.

Keywords

DietPovertyAnaemiaIron
Type
Research Article
Information
British Journal of Nutrition , Volume 132 , Issue 7 , 14 October 2024 , pp. 946 - 955
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Copyright
© The Author(s), 2024. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of The Nutrition Society

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