Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-dk4vv Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-23T18:34:56.190Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Singapore International Schools: Best practice in culturally diverse music education

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 June 2010

Melissa Anne Cain*
Affiliation:
Singapore American School, 40 Woodlands St. 41, [email protected]

Abstract

This paper explores the preliminary outcomes of research into the place and role of cultural diversity in primary music classes at five International Schools in Singapore. It highlights the ways in which school philosophy, policy, curriculum and in-service training influence teacher practice. The research provides insights into the challenges teachers face when diversifying their music programmes in addition to the areas of support that allow a programme based on cultural diversity to flourish and remain successful. The results of interviews with music specialists at these schools suggest that music programmes at International Schools in Singapore provide examples of best practice in culturally diverse music education. The success of these programmes is due to several identifiable factors such as strong philosophical and curricula foundations, quality in-service training and the regular involvement of culture bearers and visiting artists.

Type
Research Article
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2010

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

BOYCE-TILLMAN, J. (1997) ‘Conceptual frameworks for world musics in education’, Philosophy of Music Education Review, 5 (1), 313.Google Scholar
BOYER-WHITE, R. (1998) ‘Reflecting cultural diversity in the music classroom’, Music Educators Journal, 75 (4), 5154.Google Scholar
CAIN, M. (2005) ‘Dabbling or deepening – where to begin? Global music in International School elementary education’, in Campbell, P. S. et al. (Eds), Cultural Diversity in Music Education. Directions and Challenges for the 21st Century (pp. 103112). Brisbane: Australian Academic Press.Google Scholar
CAMPBELL, P. S. (1992) ‘Introducing multicultural/multiethnic music education to the school curriculum’, National Association of Secondary School Principals Bulletin, 76, 3641.Google Scholar
CAMPBELL, P. S. (1994a) ‘Multiculturalism and the raising of music teachers for the twenty-first century’, Journal of Music Teacher Education, 2 (3), 2129.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
CAMPBELL, P. S. (1994b) ‘Musica exotica, multiculturalism, and school music’. Quarterly Journal of Music Teaching and Learning, 5 (2), 6575.Google Scholar
DRUMMOND, J. (2005) ‘Cultural diversity in music education: why bother?’, in Campbell, P. S. et al. (Eds), Cultural Diversity in Music Education. Directions and Challenges for the 21st Century (pp. 112). Brisbane: Australian Academic Press.Google Scholar
DUNBAR-HALL, P. (1992). Towards a Definition of Multiculturalism in Music Education. Proceedings of the 20th ISME World Conference, Seoul, Korea, pp. 186193.Google Scholar
DUNBAR-HALL, P. (2000) ‘Concept or context? Teaching and learning Balinese Gamelan and the universalist-pluralist debate’, Music Education Research, 2 (2), 127139.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
DUNBAR-HALL, P. (2005) ‘Colliding perspectives? Music curriculum as cultural studies’, Music Educators Journal, 91 (4), 3337.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
EDWARDS, K. L. (1996) ‘Multicultural music instruction in the elementary school: What can be achieved?’, Bulletin of the Council for Research in Music Education, 138, 6268.Google Scholar
ELLIOT, D. J. (1998) ‘Musical diversity and music education: principles and practices’, Canadian Music Educator, 39 (2), 1116.Google Scholar
HOOD, M. (1960) ‘The Challenge of ‘Bi-musicality’’, Ethnomusicology, 4 (2), 5559.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
INTERNATIONAL BACCALAUREATE ORGANIZATION. Schools Guide to the Primary Years Program. Geneva, Switzerland, at: http://www.ibo.org/pyp/documents/schools_guide_pyp.pdf, accessed on 12 February 2008.Google Scholar
JORGENSEN, E. R. (2003) ‘What philosophy can bring to music education: musicianship as a case in point’, British Journal of Music Education, 20 (2), 197214.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
JORGENSEN, E. R. (2006) ‘Reflections on futures for music education philosophy’, Philosophy of Music Education Review, 14 (1), 1522.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
KWAMI, R. (1996) ‘Music education in and for a multicultural society’, in Plummeridge, C. (Ed), Music Education: Trends and Issues (pp. 5976). London: University of London.Google Scholar
KWAMI, R. (2002) On Musical Traditions of the World and Music Education: An Impossible Quest? http://www.music-research-inst.org/subs/im4_1/rmkwami.htm, accessed on 12 January 2009.Google Scholar
LOZA, S. (1996) ‘Steven Loza on Latino music’, in Shehan Campbell, P. (Ed.), Music in Cultural Context. Eight Views on World Music Education (pp. 5865). USA: Music Educators National Conference.Google Scholar
LUNDQUIST, B. R. (2002) ‘Music, culture, curriculum and instruction’, in Colwell, R. & Richardson, C. (Eds), The New Handbook of Research in Music Teaching and Learning (pp. 626647). New York: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
MÄÄTTÄNEN, P. & WESTERLUND, H. (2001) ‘Travel agency of musical meanings? Discussion on music and context in Keith Swanwick's Interculturalism’, British Journal of Music Education, 18 (3), 261274.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
MARSH, K. (2000) ‘Making connections: A case study of pre-service music education students’ attitudinal change to indigenous music’, Research Studies in Music Education, 15, 5867.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
NORMAN, K. (1999) ‘Music faculty perceptions of multicultural music education’, Bulletin of the Council for Research in Music Education, 139, 3849.Google Scholar
O'FLYNN, J. (2005) ‘Re-appraising ideas of musicality in intercultural contexts of music Education’, International Journal of Music Education, 23 (3), 191203.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
ROSE, A. M. (1995) ‘A place for indigenous music in formal music education’, International Journal of Music Education, 26 (1), 3954.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
SCHIPPERS, H. (2010) Facing the Music. Shaping Music Education from a Global Perspective. New York: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
SCHIPPERS, H. & CAIN, M. (2010) ‘A tale of three cities. Dreams and realities of cultural diversity in music education’, in Ballantyne, J. & Bartleet, B. L. (Eds), Navigating Music and Sound Education. Newcastle: Cambridge Scholars Publishing.Google Scholar
SKYLLSTAD, K. (1998) ‘The resonant community: A school project to promote interracial understanding’, in Lundquist, B. R. & Szego, C. K., with Nettl, B., Santos, R. & Solbu, E. (Eds), Music of the World's Cultures: A Source Book for Music Educators (pp. 94101). Nedlands, Western Australia: Callaway International Resource Centre for Music Education.Google Scholar
STATISTICS SINGAPORE (2009) http://www.singstat.gov.sg/pubn/reference/mdscontents.html#Demography, accessed on 28 September 2009.Google Scholar
SWANWICK, K. (1994) ‘Authenticity and the reality of musical experience’, in Lees, H. (Ed), Musical Connections: Tradition and Change. Proceedings of the 21st World Conference of the International Society for Music Education (pp. 215226). Auckland: International Society for Music Education.Google Scholar
SWEENEY, P. (1991) Directory of World Music. London: Virgin Books.Google Scholar
TEICHER, J. M. (1997) ‘Effect of multicultural experience on pre-service elementary teachers’ attitudes’, Journal of Research in Music Education, 45 (3), 415427.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
TEMMERMAN, N. (1997). ‘An investigation of undergraduate music education curriculum content in primary teacher education programmes in Australia’, International Journal of Music Education, 30, 2634.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
VOLK, T. (1998a) ‘World musics and music education: an update of dissertation research’, Update – Applications of Research in Music Education, 17 (1), 913.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
VOLK, T. M. (1998b) Music, Education, and Multiculturalism. Foundations and Principles. New York: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
WALKER, R. (2000) ‘Multiculturalism and music re-attached to music education’, Philosophy of Music Education Review, 8 (1), 3139.Google Scholar
WESTERLUND, H. (1999) ‘Universalism against contextual thinking in multicultural music education: western colonialism or pluralism?’, International Journal of Music Education, 33, 94103.CrossRefGoogle Scholar