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A Reappraisal of the Western Enclave and Environs, Corstopitum

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 November 2011

M. Brassington
M. Brassington
Affiliation:
34 Chestnut Avenue, Mickleover, Derby
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Extract

The Corbridge ‘pottery shop’ forms part of what is now known as the western enclave and was first uncovered during excavations directed by Leonard Woolley in 1907, together with the northern half of the western compound. Through the sixty-seven years since then interpretation of the evidence which he found and recorded has varied considerably, as is shown by the following extracts taken from the writings of Woolley, Forster, Birley and Richmond.

Type
Articles
Information
Britannia , Volume 6 , November 1975 , pp. 62 - 75
Copyright
Copyright © M. Brassington 1975. Exclusive Licence to Publish: The Society for the Promotion of Roman Studies

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References

1 Corbridge was Leonard Woolley's first excavation, of which he left a light-hearted account in his book Spadework (Lutterworth, 1953).Google Scholar

2 AA3 iv (1908), 247–58 (offprint, pp. 43–54); these are Woolley's notes edited by Forster.Google Scholar

3 Proc. Soc. Ant. of London, xxiii (1909–1911), 112–20.Google Scholar

4 Eric Birley, 1st edition of Corbridge Roman Station (Corstopitum), the official guidebook to the site, H.M. Stationery Office (1935), 17–18.

5 Eric Birley, 3rd edition of Corbridge Roman Station (Corstopitum), the Department of the Environment Guidebook to the site, 11 th. impression (1972), 24.

6 Richmond, , A A4 xxi (1943), 137.Google Scholar

7 ibid., 145.

8 ibid., 148.

9 Forster, , AA3 iv (1908), 214 (offprint, p. 10); this section is wrongly titled as it is not Site IV but Site V, and is a section of the cutting shown in fig. 12.Google Scholar

10 This figure is taken from Richmond's section in AA4 xv (1938), 254Google Scholar, fig. 3; see also Knowles, and Forster, , A A3 v (1909), 331 (offprint, p. 27).Google Scholar

11 Richmond, , AA4 xxviii (1950), 154.Google Scholar

12 Knowles, and Forster, , AA3 v (1909), 323 (offprint, p. 19).Google Scholar

13 Forster, and Knowles, , AA3 vi (1910), 216Google Scholar (offprint, p. 14). cf. Richmond, , AA4 xxviii (1950), 162.Google Scholar

14 Forster, and Knowles, , AA3 vi (1910), figs. 2 and 3.Google Scholar

15 Knowles, and Forster, , AA3 v (1909), 314 (offprint, p. 10).Google Scholar

16 See note 11.

17 Richmond, , A A4 xxviii (1950), pl. XII.Google Scholar

18 Knowles, and Forster, , AA3 v (1909), 318Google Scholar (offprint, p. 14); and Richmond, , AA3 xxviii (1950), 157.Google Scholar

19 See note 18.

20 Forster, and Knowles, , A A3 vi (1910), 209–13 (offprint, pp. 5–9).Google Scholar

21 Richmond, , AA4 xxviii (1950), 153.Google Scholar

22 Forster, and Knowles, , AA3 vi (1910), fig. 3.Google Scholar

23 Forster, and Knowles, , AA3 ix (1913), 231 (offprint, p. 3).Google Scholar

24 Woolley, , AA3 iii (1907), 170 (offprint, p. 10).Google Scholar

25 Richmond, ‘Roman Corbridge', Durham University Journal (June 1942), 150–1.

26 Woolley, , AA3 iii (1907), 173 (offprint, p. 13).Google Scholar

27 Forster, and Knowles, , A A3 ix (1913), 260–63 (offprint, pp. 32–35).Google Scholar

28 Richmond, , AA4 xvii (1940), 86.Google Scholar

29 Woolley's north-south cutting across the road from the north-east corner of Workshop III to the fountain; Forster, , AA3 iv (1908), 261 (offprint, p. 57) and fig. 12; cf. note 9.Google Scholar

30 Richmond, , AA4 xxi (1943), fig. 12 and section iv.Google Scholar

31 Forster, , A A3 iv (1908), 258 (offprint, p. 54) and the general plan.Google Scholar

32 ibid., 251 (offprint, p. 47).

33 Forster, and Knowles, , AA3 xi (1914), 299–300 (offprint, pp. 21–22).Google Scholar

34 Forster, , A A3 iv (1908), 256–58 (offprint, pp. 52–4).Google Scholar

35 ibid., 250 (offprint, p. 46).

36 ibid., fig. 4; if this photograph is compared with the Ministry of Works consolidation, it will be seen that the whole structure has been rebuilt without using the original stones, and that the east wall of the unfinished building, underlying the pottery shop, has been placed some 8 ft. to the west of its original position. Th e roadway originally to the west of the building now appears on the eastern side.

37 See note 35.

38 op. cit. (note 34), 257 (offprint, p. 53).

39 See note 36.

40 op. cit. (note 34); see key on pi. XXII.

41 Forster, , Proc. Soc. Ant. of London, xxiii (1909–1911), 114.Google Scholar

42 Hartley, B. R., Britannia iii (1972), 46.Google Scholar

43 See note 35.

44 See note 35.

45 Richmond, , A A3 xxi (1943), 144–5.Google Scholar

46 Forster, , Proc. Soc. Ant. of London, xxiii (1909–1911), 113.Google Scholar

47 Forster, , AA3 iv (1908), 256 (offprint, p. 52).Google Scholar

48 See note 45.

49 See note 46.

50 Hartley, K. F. in Current Research in Romano-British Coarse Pottery (C.B.A. Research Rept. 10), (1973), 144.Google Scholar

51 See note 38.

52 Forster, , AA3 iv (1908), 260 (offprint, p. 56) and general plan.Google Scholar

53 Richmond, op. cit. (note 25), 149; and A A1 xxi (1943), 146.Google Scholar

54 Forster, op. cit. (note 46), 115.

55 B. R. Hartley, op. cit. (note 42), 41.

56 Information supplied by George Rogers to the writer in March 1973. A study of the samian pottery discovered in destruction-layers at Aquincum (which lies on the Danube near Budapest). This deposit, coinciding roughly in date with the withdrawal from Scotland, is assigned to the beginning of the Marcomanic Wars of 166–71.

57 Simpson, Grace, Britannia V (1974), 317–39.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

58 The compound wall to the south of the Western Enclave may have been removed, at least in part, in the later Roman period. AA3 viii (1912), 145 (offprint, p. 9).Google Scholar

59 From information supplied by J. P. Gillam. ‘It would seem that almost everywhere it was encountered, the deposit was lying exactly where it had fallen from burning buildings.’