Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-g8jcs Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-22T06:11:07.811Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Auxiliary Barracks in a New Light: Recent Discoveries on Hadrian's Wall

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 November 2011

N. Hodgson  and
P.T. Bidwell
N. Hodgson
Affiliation:
Tyne and Wear Museums, [email protected]
P.T. Bidwell
Affiliation:
Tyne and Wear Museums, [email protected]
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Extract

This paper provides an interim report on sixteen complete barrack plans obtained in the last fifteen years in excavations at the British northern frontier forts of South Shields and Wallsend (complemented by a pair of barracks partially excavated at Vindolanda in 1980 which have already been published). Its purpose is to disseminate more generally the fact that this newly obtained information changes our understanding of several aspects of the construction, function, and historical evolution of auxiliary barracks. It also tells us something more than we knew before about changes in the army as the institution that used the barracks, and of the life of the military communities that inhabited them. In some cases the buildings described here have already been fully published, or publication is imminent; in others, interim plans have been made available in disparate publications but it is likely to be a number of years before complete detailed excavation reports are issued.

Type
Articles
Information
Britannia , Volume 35 , November 2004 , pp. 121 - 157
Copyright
Copyright © N. Hodgson and P.T. Bidwell 2007. Exclusive Licence to Publish: The Society for the Promotion of Roman Studies

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

BIBLIOGRAPHY

Allason-Jones, L. 1989: Women in Roman Britain, LondonGoogle Scholar
Berry, J., and Taylor, D.J.A. 1997: ‘The Roman fort at Halton Chesters: a geophysical survey’, Archaeologia Aeliana5 25, 51–60Google Scholar
Bidwell, P. 1985: The Roman Fort ofVindolanda, HBMCE Archaeol. Rep. 1, LondonGoogle Scholar
Bidwell, P. 1991: ‘Later Roman barracks in Britain’, in Maxfield, V.A. and Dobson, M.J. (eds), Roman Frontier Studies 1989, Exeter, 9–15Google Scholar
Bidwell, P. 1997: Roman Forts in Britain, LondonGoogle Scholar
Bidwell, P. 1999: Hadrian's Wall 1989–99: a Summary of Recent Excavations and Research, CarlisleGoogle Scholar
Bidwell, P., and Snape, M.E. 2002: ‘The history and setting of the Roman fort at Newcastle upon Tyne’, Archaeologia Aeliana5 31, 251–83Google Scholar
Bidwell, P., and Speak, S. 1994: Excavations at South Shields Roman Fort, vol. 1, Soc. Antiq. Newcastle upon Tyne Monograph 4, Newcastle upon TyneGoogle Scholar
Birley, E. 1967: ‘Hadrian's Wall and its neighbourhood’, in Schönberger, H. (ed.), Studien zu den Militärgrenzen Roms, Köln-Graz, 6–14Google Scholar
Birley, R., Birley, A., and Blake, J. 1999: The 1998 Excavations at Vindolanda: the Praetorium Site, Interim Report, GreenheadGoogle Scholar
Blair, R. 1895: J. Collingwood Bruce's Handbook to the Roman Wall (4th edn), Newcastle upon TyneGoogle Scholar
Breeze, D.J. 1974: ‘The Roman fortlet at Barburgh Mill, Dumfriesshire’, Britannia 5, 130–62CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Breeze, D.J. 1977: review of Robertson 1975, in Britannia 8, 451–60CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Breeze, D.J., and Dobson, B. 1969: ‘Fort types on Hadrian's Wall’, Archaeologia Aeliana4 47, 15–32Google Scholar
Breeze, D.J., and Dobson, B. 1974: ‘Fort types as a guide to garrisons: a reconsideration’, in Birley, E., Dobson, B. and Jarrett, M.G. (eds), Roman Frontier Studies 1969, Cardiff, 13–19Google Scholar
Breeze, D.J., and Dobson, B. 1987: Hadrian's Wall (3rd edn), LondonGoogle Scholar
Bruce, J.C. 1889: ‘Some excavations at Chesters’, Archaeologia Aeliana2 13, 374–7Google Scholar
Cagnat, R. 1908: ‘Les deux camps de la légion III Auguste à Lámbese d'après les fouilles récentes’, Mémoires de l'Académie des Inscriptions et Belles-Lettres 38 (1)Google Scholar
Cagnat, R. 1913: L'armée romaine d'Afrique, ParisGoogle Scholar
Cichy, B. 1971: Das römische Heidenheim, HeidenheimGoogle Scholar
Connolly, P. 1988: The Cavalryman, OxfordGoogle Scholar
Coulston, J.C.N. 2000: ‘“Armed and belted men”: the soldiery in imperial Rome’, in Coulston, J. and Dodge, H. (eds), Ancient Rome: the Archaeology of the Eternal City, Oxford University School of Archaeology Monograph 54, Oxford, 76–118Google Scholar
Crow, J. 1995: Housesteads, LondonGoogle Scholar
Daniels, C.M. 1980: ‘Excavations at Wallsend and the fourth-century barracks on Hadrian's Wall’, in Hanson, W.S. and Keppie, L.J.F. (eds), Roman Frontier Studies 1979, BAR Int. Ser. 71, Oxford, 173–93Google Scholar
Daniels, C.M. (ed.) 1989: The Eleventh Pilgrimage of Hadrian's Wall, Newcastle upon TyneGoogle Scholar
Davison, D.P. 1989: The Barracks of the Roman Army from the First to Third Centuries AD, BAR Int. Ser. 472, OxfordGoogle Scholar
Dixon, K., and Southern, P. 1992: The Roman Cavalry, LondonGoogle Scholar
Dodd, P.W., and Woodward, A.M. 1920: ‘Excavations at Slack, 1913–15’, Yorkshire Archaeol. J. 26, 1–92Google Scholar
Esmonde Cleary, E.S. 1989: The Ending of Roman Britain, LondonGoogle Scholar
Esmonde Cleary, E.S. 2000: ‘Summing up’, in Wilmott, T. and Wilson, P. (eds), The Late-Roman Transition in the North, BAR Brit. Ser. 299, Oxord, 89–94Google Scholar
Evans, D.R., and Metcalf, V.M. 1992: Roman Gates Caerleon, Oxbow Monograph 15, OxfordGoogle Scholar
Frere, S.S. 1987: Britannia: a History of Roman Britain (3rd edn), LondonGoogle Scholar
Frere, S.S., and Wilkes, J.J. 1989: Strageath: Excavations within the Roman Fort 1973–86, Britannia Monograph 9, LondonGoogle Scholar
Glasbergen, W., and Groenman-van Waateringe, W. 1974: The Pre-Flavian Garrisons of Valkenburg Z.H., AmsterdamGoogle Scholar
Groller, M. von 1907: ‘Die Grabung im Lager Lauriacum’, Der römische Limes in Österreich 8, 119–56Google Scholar
Groot, J.C. 1987: ‘The barracks of El-Lejjun’, in Parker, S.T. (ed.), The Roman Frontier in Central Jordan, BAR Int. Ser. 340 (i), Oxford, 261–74Google Scholar
Grosse, R. 1920: Römische Militärgeschichte von Gallienus bis zum Beginn der byzantinischen Temenverfassung, BerlinGoogle Scholar
Hassall, M. 1983: ‘The internal planning of Roman auxiliary forts’, in Hartley, B. and Wacher, J. (eds), Rome and her Northern Provinces, London, 96–131Google Scholar
Hodgson, N. 2001: ‘The origins and development of the Roman military supply-base at South Shields: an interim report on the results of excavations in the eastern quadrant and central area, 1990–2000’, Arbeia J. 6–7 (1997–8), 25–36Google Scholar
Hodgson, N. 2003: The Roman Fort at Wallsend (Segedunum): Excavations in 1997–8, Newcastle upon TyneGoogle Scholar
James, S. 1984: ‘Britain and the late-Roman army’, in Blagg, T.F.C. and King, A.C. (eds), Military and Civilian in Roman Britain, BAR Brit. Ser. 136, Oxford, 161–86Google Scholar
James, S. 2002: ‘Writing the legions: the development and future of Roman military studies in Britain’, Arch. J. 159, 1–58Google Scholar
Johnson, A. 1983: Roman Forts of the First and Second Centuries AD in Britain and the German Provinces, LondonGoogle Scholar
Kastler, R. 2002: ‘Legionslager an der Wende zur Spätantike - Ein Überblick zu Carnuntum und vergleichbaren kaiserzeitlichen Standlagern des Rhein-Donau-Raumes in einer Periode des Umbruchs’, in Freeman, P., Bennett, J., Zbigniew, T.F. and Hoffmann, B. (eds), Limes XVIII, BAR Int. Ser. 1084 (ii), 605–24Google Scholar
Koenen, C. 1904: ‘Beschreibung von Novaesium’, Bonner Jahrbücher 111–12, 97–242 and separate plates (general plan: pl. 3)Google Scholar
Mackensen, M. 1994: ‘Die Innenbauung und der Nordvorbau des spätrömischen Kastells Abusina/Eining’, Germania 72, 479–500Google Scholar
Müller, G. 1979: Ausgrabungen in Dormagen, 1963–1977, Rheinische Ausgrabungen 20, BonnGoogle Scholar
Potter, T.W. 1979: Romans in North-West England, Cumberland and Westmorland Antiquarian and Archaeological Society Res. Ser. 1, KendalGoogle Scholar
Richmond, I.A. 1934: ‘The Roman fort at South Shields’, Archaeologia Aeliana4 40, 83–102Google Scholar
Richmond, I.A. 1955: ‘Roman Britain and Roman military antiquities (Albert Reckitt Archaeological Lecture)’, Proc. British Academy 41, 297–315Google Scholar
Robertson, A.S. 1975: Birrens (Blatobulgium), EdinburghGoogle Scholar
Salvatore, J.P., and Simpson, S.J. n.d.: Excavations at Bartholomew Street East, Exeter, 1980–81: Part 1, Roman Military, Exeter Museums Archaeological Field Unit Report 92.33, ExeterGoogle Scholar
Schönberger, H. 1978: Kastell Oberstimm, Limesforschungen 18, BerlinGoogle Scholar
Schwartz, J.et al. 1969: Qasr Qarun/Dionysias 1950, CairoGoogle Scholar
Schwartz, J., and Wild, H. 1950: Fouilles franco-suisses I: Qasr Qarun-Dionysias, 1948, CairoGoogle Scholar
Simpson, F.G., and Richmond, I.A. 1937: ‘The fort on Hadrian's Wall at Halton’, Archaeologia Aeliana4 14, 151–71Google Scholar
Simpson, F.G., and Richmond, I.A. 1941: ‘The Roman fort on Hadrian's Wall at Benwell’, Archaeologia Aeliana4 19, 1–43Google Scholar
Sommer, C.S. 1995: ‘“Where did they put the horses?”, Überlegungen zu Aufbau und Stärke römischer Auxiliartruppen und deren Unterbringung in den Kastellen’, in Provincialrömische Forschungen: Festschrift für Günter Ulbert zum 65. Geburtstag, Espelkamp, 149–68Google Scholar
Sommer, C.S. 1999: ‘From conquered territory to Roman province: recent discoveries and debate on the Roman occupation of SW Germany’, in Creighton, J.D. and Wilson, R.J.A. (eds), Roman Germany: Studies in Cultural Interaction, Journ. Roman Archaeol. Supp. Ser. 32, Portsmouth RI, 160–98Google Scholar
Stiglitz, H. 1997: Das Auxiliarkastell Carnuntum 1, ViennaGoogle Scholar
Stork, I. 1988: ‘Neue Ergebnisse zum römischen Kastell Lorch, Ostalbkreis’, Archäologische Ausgrabungen in Baden-Württemberg 1987, Stuttgart, 92–5Google Scholar
Tomlin, R.S.O. 1998: ‘Roman manuscripts from Carlisle: the ink-written tablets’, Britannia 29, 31–84CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ward, J. 1911: Romano-British Buildings and Earthworks, LondonGoogle Scholar
Wilkes, J.J. 1961: ‘Excavations in Housesteads fort, 1960’, Archaeologia Aeliana4 39, 279–300Google Scholar
Wilkes, J.J. 1966: ‘Early fourth century rebuilding in Hadrian's Wall forts’, in Jarrett, M.G. and Dobson, B. (eds), Britain and Rome, Kendal, 114–38Google Scholar
Wilson, R. 1980: Roman Forts: an Illustrated Introduction to the Garrison Posts of Roman Britain, LondonGoogle Scholar