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II. Finds Reported under the Portable Antiquities Scheme

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  05 September 2014

Sally Worrell  and
John Pearce
Sally Worrell
Affiliation:
Portable Antiquities Scheme, Institute of Archaeology, University College [email protected]
John Pearce
Affiliation:
Department of Classics, King's College [email protected]
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Abstract

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Type
Roman Britain in 2013
Information
Britannia , Volume 45 , November 2014 , pp. 397 - 429
Copyright
Copyright © The Author(s) 2014. Published by The Society for the Promotion of Roman Studies 

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Footnotes

This paper is published with the aid of a grant from the Portable Antiquities Scheme

References

1 The Portable Antiquities Scheme was established in 1997 as an initiative to record archaeological objects found by members of the general public and was extended to the whole of England and Wales in 2003. Cf. Worrell, S., ‘Roman Britain in 2006 II. Finds reported under the Portable Antiquities Scheme’, Britannia 38 (2007), 303.Google Scholar

2 Worrell, S. and Pearce, J., ‘Roman Britain in 2011 II. Finds reported under the Portable Antiquities Scheme’, Britannia 43 (2012), 355–7Google Scholar.

3 Full publication of hoards is still provided through the Coin Hoards of Roman Britain series. Coin hoards are also now documented on the PAS database and are currently under study in a collaborative project between the British Museum and the University of Leicester: Crisis or Continuity. Hoarding in Iron Age and Roman Britain with Special Reference to the 3rd Century AD. http://www2.le.ac.uk/departments/archaeology/research/projects/hoarding-in-iron-age-and-roman-britain

4 A selection of the most important coins is published annually in the British Numismatic Journal by S. Moorhead.

5 Moorhead, S. and Walton, P., ‘Coins recorded with the Portable Antiquities Scheme: a summary’, Britannia 42 (2011), 432–7Google Scholar; Worrell, S. and Pearce, J., ‘Roman Britain in 2012 II. Finds reported under the Portable Antiquities Scheme’, Britannia 44 (2013), 345.Google Scholar

6 These include Powys (NMGW-4C3FA5), East Riding of Yorkshire (YORYM-858AC1; 2013 T543), Hereford (HESH-91B963; 2013 T492), Milton Keynes (BUC-FE451; 2006 T631), East Sussex (SUSS-C9B421), and Somerset (SOM-8D3931).

7 Worrell and Pearce, op. cit. (note 5, 2013), 346–7.

8 Worrell and Pearce, op. cit. (note 2, 2012), 356–7; Worrell and Pearce, op. cit (note 5, 2013), 346.

9 Brindle, T., The Portable Antiquities Scheme and Roman Britain (2013)Google Scholar; Pearce, J. and Worrell, S., ‘The Portable Antiquities Scheme and the Romano-British countryside’, in Breeze, D. (ed.), The Impact of Rome on the British Countryside (2014), 31–8Google Scholar. A Leverhulme-funded project on the distribution of PAS findspots and the factors determining them is underway: Portable Antiquities Scheme Database as a Tool for Archaeological Research. https://www.britishmuseum.org/research/research_projects/all_current_projects/pas_in_archaeological_research/about_the_project.aspx.

10 Throughout the year staff in the British Museum, in particular Ralph Jackson and Richard Hobbs, and Martin Henig have provided invaluable advice in the identification of individual objects. Janina Parol (British Museum) prepared images for publication. We again wish to record our thanks to Richard Brewer for reading and commenting on a draft of this report. The object descriptions incorporate revised versions of the database entries and further discussion from the authors of this report. Individual records name contributors, but the authors have both worked on all entries.

11 Department of Portable Antiquities and Treasure, British Museum, London WC1B 3DG.

12 The geographical sequence here follows that set out in the ‘Roman Britain in 20XX I. Sites explored’ section of Britannia.

13 Found by I. Miles. Identified by R. Jackson. Recorded by L. Ellis.

14 Henig, M., A Corpus of Roman Engraved Gemstones from British Sites, BAR British Series 8 (3rd edn, 2007), 134–5CrossRefGoogle Scholar, no. 355.

15 Marshall, F.H., Catalogue of the Jewellery, Greek, Etruscan and Roman, in the Departments of Antiquities, British Museum (1911; reprinted 1969), 329–30Google Scholar, nos 2813–15; Sas, K. and Thoen, H. (eds), Schone Schijn / Brillance et Prestige: Romeinse juweelkunst in West-Europa / La joaillerie romaine en Europe occidentale (2002), 195Google Scholar, no. 136.

16 Found by A. Bates. Identified and recorded by R. Philpott and V. Oakden.

17 Mackreth, D.F., Brooches in Late Iron Age and Roman Britain (2011), 120–1CrossRefGoogle Scholar.

18 Boon, G.C., ‘A silver-gilt ornament from a “Carmarthen” trumpet-brooch’, Antiquaries Journal 58 (1978), 152–3Google Scholar.

19 Mackreth, op. cit. (note 17), 120.

20 Abdy, R., Williams, J.H.C. and Hill, J.D., ‘Church Minshull, Cheshire’, Treasure Annual Report 2004 (2004), 174–5Google Scholar.

21 Boon, G.C. and Savory, H.N., ‘A silver trumpet-brooch with relief decoration, parcel-gilt, from Carmarthen, and a note on the development of the type’, Antiquaries Journal 55 (1975), 41–61.Google Scholar

22 Mackreth, op. cit. (note 17), 120.

23 Boon and Savory, op. cit. (note 21), 45.

24 Found by L. Howard. Identifed and recorded by K. Dafas and R. Griffiths.

25 K. Dafas, Greek Large-Scale Bronze Statuary Revisited: The Late Archaic and Classical Periods, unpub. PhD thesis, King's College London (2013); Hemingway, S., ‘Bronze sculpture’, in Ling, R. (ed.), Making Classical Art: Process and Practice (2000), 39–43.Google Scholar

26 Worrell, S., ‘Roman Britain in 2008 II. Finds reported under the Portable Antiquities Scheme’, Britannia 40 (2009), 291 Google Scholar, no. 7, fig. 3; Worrell, S. and Pearce, J., ‘Roman Britain in 2010 II. Finds reported under the Portable Antiquities Scheme’, Britannia 42 (2011), 410–12Google Scholar, no. 6, fig. 7; Worrell and Pearce, op. cit. (note 2, 2012), 367–8, no. 10, fig. 10.

27 Found by S. Caswell. Identified and recorded by R. Griffiths and S. Worrell.

28 Ferris, I., Roman Britain through its Objects (2012), 62–3.Google Scholar

29 Found by L. Hepworth. Identified and recorded by A. Downes and J. Pearce.

30 Durham, E., ‘Depicting the gods. Metal figurines in Roman Britain’, Internet Archaeology 31 (2012)Google Scholar, no. 1097. http://dx.doi.org/10.11141/ia.31.2

31 Worrell and Pearce, op. cit. (note 26, 2011), 425, no. 20, fig. 21; Durham, op. cit. (note 30), 3.17.

32 Found by A. Grange. Recorded by L. Andrews-Wilson and J. Pearce.

33 Also catalogued by Durham, op. cit. (note 30), no. 1016.

34 Durham, op. cit. (note 30), no. 849.

35 Durham, op. cit. (note 30), 3.17; M. Henig and M. Feugère, pers. comm.

36 Found by J. Webster. Identified and recorded by R. Griffiths and S. Worrell.

37 Mackreth, op. cit. (note 17), 109, Type 11.b, pl. 74, no. 12436 from Lound.

38 ibid., no. 7426, Brough on Humber.

39 Pearce and Worrell, op. cit. (note 9), 35–7; Worrell and Pearce, op. cit. (note 5, 2013), 351–3, no. 5, fig. 5.

40 Found by M. Smalley. Identified and recorded by L. Staves and S. Worrell.

41 May, J., ‘An Iron Age spout from Kirmington, Lincolnshire’, Antiquaries Journal 51 (1971), 253–9.Google Scholar

42 Found by H. Winstanley. Identified and recorded by A. Daubney, S. Worrell and J. Pearce.

43 Ambrose, T., ‘A Celtic duck-ring from Claxby-by-Alford’, Lincolnshire History & Archaeology 13 (1978)Google Scholar, 83, pl. II.

44 Found by C. McCormack. Identified and recorded by A. Daubney and J. Pearce.

45 Worrell, op. cit. (note 26, 2009), 297, no. 14, fig. 8. Worrell and Pearce, op. cit. (note 2, 2012), 385–6, table 2, J.

46 J. Nicolay, Armed Batavians. Use and Significance of Weaponry and Horsegear from Non-Military Contexts in the Rhine Delta (50 BC to AD 410) (2007), pl. 92 B4, no. 67.2.

47 Found by S. Barrett. Identified and recorded by C. Burrill and S. Worrell.

48 S. Worrell and J. Pearce, op. cit. (note 2, 2012), 361, no. 4, fig. 4.

49 Found by M. Woodcock. Identified and recorded by P. Reavill and S. Worrell.

50 Mackreth, op. cit. (note 17), 73–4, type 4. h, pl. 47; Hattatt, R., A Visual Catalogue of Richard Hattatt's Ancient Brooches (2000), 300 Google Scholar, fig. 159.

51 Found by D. Colbourne. Identified and recorded by E. Markwick and T. Gilmore.

52 Worrell and Pearce, op. cit. (note 26, 2011), 419–21, no. 16, fig. 17.

53 ibid., 421; N. Holbrook, E.R. McSloy and J. Geber, ‘Corinium's dead: excavating the Tetbury Road Roman cemetery’, Current Archaeology (July, 2013). http://www.archaeology.co.uk/articles/coriniums-dead-excavating-the-tetbury-road-roman-cemetery.htm [accessed 10.13].

54 Worrell, S., ‘Enamelled vessels and related objects reported to the Portable Antiquities Scheme’, in Breeze, D. (ed.), First Souvenirs: Enamelled Vessels from Hadrian's Wall (2012), 71–84.Google Scholar

55 Found by J. Brown. Identified and recorded by A. Bolton, S. Worrell and J. Pearce.

56 M. Feugère (ed.), Artefacts. Encyclopédie en ligne des petits objets archéologiques, CNF-4019 (http://artefacts.mom.fr/fr/home.php), 45 examples are documented by Feugère from Britain, of which all but seven are recorded by the PAS.

57 Worrell, S., ‘Roman Britain in 2003 II. Finds reported under the Portable Antiquities Scheme’, Britannia 35 (2004), 323–4Google Scholar, no. 4, fig. 3 (Corbridge); Worrell, S., ‘Roman Britain in 2007 II. Finds reported under the Portable Antiquities Scheme’, Britannia 39 (2008), 357–9Google Scholar, nos 7–8, figs 11–12 (Irnham, Syston); Worrell and Pearce, op. cit. (note 2, 2012), 362–3, no. 5, fig. 5 (Askham Bryan).

58 Durham, op. cit. (note 30), 3.31.

59 Boon, G.C., ‘Tonsor Humanus: razor and toilet-knife in antiquity’, Britannia 22 (1991), 21–32.Google Scholar

60 Found by Mr Ball. Identified and recorded by J. Watton and S. Worrell.

61 Crummy, N., The Roman Small Finds from Excavations in Colchester, 1971–9 (1983), 71–3Google Scholar, no. 2039, fig. 76.

62 Faider-Feytmans, F., Les bronzes romains de Belgique (1979)Google Scholar, 175, no. 358, pls 134–5.

63 Found by R. Turland. Identified and recorded by J. Cassidy and S. Worrell.

64 For example, Bishop, M., ‘Military equipment’, in Cool, H.E.M. and Philo, C., Roman Castleford: Excavations 1974–85. Vol. 1, The Small Finds, Yorkshire Archaeology 4 (1998), 77 Google Scholar. Nicolay, op. cit. (note 46), 222, Type D2, fig. 6.6, reports an example from Oss-‘Westerveld’ which offers a slightly closer parallel.

65 Found by J. Baxter. Recorded by A. Brown and J. Pearce.

66 Bishop, M., Finds from Roman Aldborough. A Catalogue of Small Finds from the Romano-British Town of Isurium Brigantium (1996), 67–8Google Scholar, no. 422, fig. 37.

67 Identified and recorded by M. Henig, R. Tyrell and J. Pearce. Acquired by Buckinghamshire County Museum, acc. no. AYBCM 2013.122.

68 Durham, op. cit. (note 30), 3.35.7.

69 Fleischer, R., Die römischen Bronzen aus Österreich (1967)Google Scholar, 178, nos 245–6, Taf. 122–3.

70 No. 25 below. Worrell and Pearce, op. cit. (note 26, 2011), 418–19, no. 14, fig. 15.

71 Kaufmann-Heinimann, A., Götter und Lararien aus Augusta Raurica, Forschungen in Augst 26 (1998)Google Scholar, 226, GF 47, Abb. 174; 260–1, GF 41, Abb. 215; Fleischer, op. cit. (note 69), 195, no. 286, Taf. 132.

72 Found by M. East. Identified by E. Ghey. Recorded by R. Tyrell and S. Worrell.

73 Worrell, op. cit. (note 1, 2007), 317, no. 11, fig. 12.

74 Examples in other materials from other provinces are reported by Feugère, op. cit. (note 56), CNF-4001.

75 Worrell and Pearce, op. cit. (note 26, 2011), 421, no. 17, fig. 18 with references.

76 Found by J. Forster. Identified and recorded by E. Darch and J. Pearce.

77 See note 45.

78 Johns, C., Sex or Symbol. Erotic Images of Greece and Rome (1982), 66–7.Google Scholar

79 Crummy, op. cit. (note 61), 168, no. 4659, fig. 205; L. Allason-Jones, Ear-rings in Roman Britain, BAR British Series 201 (1989), 50, no. 32, fig. 2, pl. 17.

80 Faraone, C.A., ‘The amuletic design of the Mithraic bull-wounding scene’, Journal of Roman Studies 103 (2013), 103–7Google Scholar; Marshall, op. cit. (note 15), 343, nos 2887–89, pl. LXVIII, 2889 with loops and chain. The stone relief said by Faraone to be from Britain is not stated as having this provenance in the primary publication (M. Henig, pers. comm.). The similarity to Mithraic compositions is not, in Faraone's view, coincidental.

81 Found by N. Peel. Identified by A. Rogerson. Recorded by M. Chester-Kadwell.

82 Pitts, L., Roman Bronze Figurines from the Civitates of the Catuvellauni and Trinovantes, BAR British Series 60 (1979), 79–80 Google Scholar; Durham, op. cit. (note 30), 3.12; Worrell and Pearce, op. cit. (note 5, 2013), 359, no. 12, fig. 12.

83 Found by J. Kolak. Identified and recorded by E. Darch and S. Worrell.

84 Recently donated to The Collection, Lincoln; see Tomlin, R.S.O., ‘Roman Britain in 2013 III. Inscriptions’, Britannia 45 (2014)Google Scholar, no. 16, fig. 15.

85 Crerar, B., ‘Contextualising Romano-British lead tanks: a study in design, destruction and deposition’, Britannia 43 (2012), 135–66.Google Scholar

86 Found by M. Savine. Identified by M. Henig. Recorded by J. Pearce and A. Brown.

87 Henig, M., ‘A house for Minerva: temples, aedicula shrines and signet-rings’, in Henig, M. (ed.), Architecture and Architectural Sculpture in the Roman Empire (1990), 152–62Google Scholar. Kaufmann-Heinimann, op. cit. (note 71), 228, GF2, Abb. 176 (Barkway); Jackson, R. and Burleigh, G., ‘The Senuna treasure and shrine at Ashwell (Herts.)’, in Haeussler, R. and King, A.C. (eds), Continuity and Innovation in Religion in the Roman West, Vol. 1, Journal of Roman Archaeology Supplementary Series 67 (2007), 37–54.Google Scholar

88 Found by M. Prentice. Identified and recorded by D. Williams and A. Gwilt.

89 Garrow, D., Gosden, C., Hill, J.D. and Bronk, C. Ramsey, ‘Dating Celtic art: a major radiocarbon dating programme of Iron Age and Early Roman metalwork in Britain’, Archaeological Journal 166 (2009), 79–123 Google Scholar; Nowakowski, J., Gwilt, A., Megaw, V. and Niece, S. La, ‘A Late Iron Age neck-ring from Pentire, Newquay, Cornwall, with a note on the find from Boverton, Vale of Glamorgan’, Antiquaries Journal 89 (2009), 35–52.Google Scholar

90 cf. Davis, M. and Gwilt, A., ‘Material, style and identity in first century AD metalwork, with particular reference to the Severn Sisters Hoard’, in Garrow, D., Gosden, C. and Hill, J.D. (eds), Rethinking Celtic Art (2008), 146–84.Google Scholar

91 Found by A. White. Identified by M. Henig and S. Worrell. Recorded by J. Shoemark and J. Pearce.

92 Durham, op. cit. (note 30), 3.35.10.

93 Fleischer, op. cit. (note 69), 179–80, nos 248, 250 (Carnuntum) and 251 (Petronell), Taf. 123 and 126; Leibundgut, A., Die römischen Bronzen der Schweiz III Westschweiz, Bern und Wallis (1980), 76–7Google Scholar, no. 66 (Yverdon), Taf. 104; H. Menzel, Die römischen Bronzen aus Deutschland III (1996), 64, no. 132 (Bonn), Taf. 81.

94 Faider-Feytmans, op. cit. (note 62), 104–5, no. 147, pls 66–7 (Namur); Kaufmann-Heinimann, op. cit. (note 71), 276 (GF66), Abb. 238 (Weissenburg); Fleischer, op. cit. (note 69), 195, no. 285, Taf. 131 (Vienna); 198, no. 294, Taf. 133 (Enns).

95 V. Hutchinson, Bacchus in Roman Britain: The Evidence for his Cult, BAR British Series 151 (1986), 56–7, 73–5; Ferris, op. cit. (note 28), 27–8.

96 Found by G. and D. Leitelmayer. Identified and recorded by K. Hinds and S. Worrell.

97 Bayley, J. and Butcher, S., Roman Brooches in Britain. A Technological and Typological Study based on the Richborough Collection, Reports of the Research Committee of the Society of Antiquaries of London 68 (2004), 134–5Google Scholar, fig. 101; Mackreth, op. cit. (note 17), 160–3, Type 3.b.

98 Sas and Thoen, op. cit. (note 15), 186, no. 116; Mackreth, op. cit. (note 17), 110, no. 10960, pl. 107.

99 Found by W. Hobbs. Identified and recorded by F. Basford and A. Gwilt.

100 A. Gwilt, pers. comm.

101 For example, a vessel mount from Lusby with Winceby, Lincs. (LIN-40CE20), Worrell, S. ‘Roman Britain in 2009 II. Finds reported under the Portable Antiquities Scheme’, Britannia 41 (2010), 420 Google Scholar, no. 5, fig. 9.

102 Found by T. Russell. Identified and recorded by C. Hayward Trevarthen and S. Worrell.

103 Ettlinger, E., Die römischen Fibeln in Der Schweiz (1973)Google Scholar, no. 23, Typ 48, Taf. 14. Feugère, op. cit. (note 56), FIB-4599.

104 Found by M. Webb. Identified by M. Henig. Recorded by K. Adams.

105 Finney, P. Corby, ‘Senicianus' ring’, Bonner Jahrbücher 194 (1994), 180–3Google Scholar; Henig, M., ‘Art in Roman Wiltshire’, in Ellis, P. (ed.), Roman Wiltshire and After (2001), 122–3Google Scholar, fig. 6.14; Johns, C., The Jewellery of Roman Britain: Celtic and Classical Traditions (1996), 53–5.Google Scholar

106 Found by D. Bulley. Identified and recorded by R. Webley.

107 M. Feugère, Les fibules en Gaule méridionale, de la conquête à la fin du Ve siècle ap. J.-C., Revue Archéologique de Narbonnaise Supplément 12 (1985).

108 Hattatt, op. cit. (note 50), 363, ref. 1417.

109 Feugère, op. cit. (note 107), 400–1; Feugère, op. cit. (note 56), FIB-4172.