Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-gxg78 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-23T04:33:51.207Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

A Hitherto Unrecognised Cornovian on a Roman Military Diploma (RMD I, 35)*

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  06 March 2017

Dan Dana*
Affiliation:
CNRS/ANHIMA (UMR 8210), Paris [email protected]

Abstract

A military diploma of 2 July a.d. 133 (RMD I, 35), first discovered in 1960 but published several times since, has provoked a debate concerning the origin of the discharged soldier, with commentators proposing either Corinium in Britain or the Cornacates in Lower Pannonia. The new reading presented here suggests that the soldier was actually Cornovian, allowing a reassessment of the recruitment of Brittones in the Roman auxilia.

Type
Shorter Contributions
Copyright
Copyright © The Author(s) 2017. Published by The Society for the Promotion of Roman Studies 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

Footnotes

*

The following abbreviations are used:AE

L'Année Épigraphique (1888– )

CIL

Corpus Inscriptionum Latinarum (1863– )

IDR

Inscriptiones Daciae Romanae (1975– )

ISM

Inscriptiones Scythiae Minoris Graecae et Latinae (1980‒ )

HD

Epigraphische Datenbank Heidelberg

ND

Notitia Dignitatum (ed. O. Seeck, Berlin, 1876)

OPEL

B. Lőrincz and F. Redö (eds), Onomasticon Provinciarum Europae Latinarum I‒IV (1994‒2005)

RIB I

R.G. Collingwood and R.P.Wright (eds), The Roman Inscriptions of Britain I, Inscriptions on Stone (1965)

RZGM

B. Pferdehirt, Römische Militärdiplome und Entlassungsurkunden in der Sammlung des Römisch-Germanischen Zentralmuseums I–II (2004)

RMD

M.M. Roxan (then P. Holder), Roman Military Diplomas (1978– )

References

BIBLIOGRAPHY

Balla, L., and Tóth, E. (= I.) 1968: ‘À propos des rapports entre la Pannonie et la Dacie’, Acta Classica Universitatis Scientiarum Debreceniensis 4, 6978Google Scholar
Barrington Atlas 2002: Barrington Atlas of the Greek and Roman World (ed. Talbert, R.J.A.), PrincetonGoogle Scholar
Birley, A. 1980: The People of Roman Britain, BerkeleyGoogle Scholar
Bordenache, G., Condurachi, E., and Daicoviciu, C. 1970: Civiltà romana in Romania. Roma, Palazzo delle esposizioni, via Nazionale, febbraio-aprile 1970, RomeGoogle Scholar
Daicoviciu, H. 1969: in Römer in Rumänien. Ausstellung des Römisch-Germanischen Museums Köln und des Historischen Museums Cluj. Kunsthalle Köln, 12. Februar bis 18. Mai 1969, CologneGoogle Scholar
Daicoviciu, H., and Protase, D. 1961: ‘Un nouveau diplôme militaire de Dacia Porolissensis’, Journal of Roman Studies 51, 6370Google Scholar
Daicoviciu, H., and Protase, D. 1964: ‘O diplomă militară din Dacia Porolissensis. Ştiri noi despre organizarea Daciei romane’, Acta Musei Napocensis 1, 163‒80Google Scholar
Daicoviciu, H., and Protase, D. 1965a: ‘À propos du nom et de l'origine du titulaire d'un diplôme militaire de Dacia Porolissensis’, Latomus 24, 322‒8Google Scholar
Daicoviciu, H., and Protase, D. 1965b: ‘Megjegyzések egy Dacia Porolissensis-i katonai diploma tulajdonosának nevéhez és eredetéhe’, Antik Tanulmányok 12, 126‒32Google Scholar
Dana, D. 2010: ‘Corrections, restitutions et suggestions onomastiques dans quelques diplômes militaires’, Cahiers du Centre Gustave Glotz 21, 3562Google Scholar
Delamarre, X. 2007: Nomina Celtica Antiqua Selecta Inscriptionum (Noms de personnes celtiques dans l’épigraphie classique), ParisGoogle Scholar
Eck, W., and Pangerl, A. 2007: ‘Neue Diplome für die Hilfstruppen von Britannia’, Zeitschrift für Papyrologie und Epigraphik 162, 223‒34Google Scholar
Eck, W., and Pangerl, A. 2008: ‘Neue Diplome für die Hilfstruppen von Britannia’, in Shellenberg, H.M., Hirschmann, V.E. and Krieckhaus, A. (eds), A Roman Miscellany. Essays in Honour of Anthony R. Birley on his Seventieth Birthday, Gdańsk, 1730Google Scholar
Eck, W., and Wolff, H. (eds) 1986: Heer und Integrationspolitik. Die römische Militärdiplome als historische Quelle, Cologne-ViennaGoogle Scholar
Falileyev, A. 2007: Celtic Dacia. Personal Names, Place-Names and Ethnic Names of Celtic Origin in Dacia and Scythia Minor, AberystwythGoogle Scholar
Gaffney, V.L., and White, R.H. (eds) 2007: Wroxeter, the ‘Cornovii’ and the Urban Process: Final Report on the Wroxeter Hinterland Project 1994–1997, I (Researching the Hinterland), Journal of Roman Archaeology Supplementary Series 68, Portsmouth, RIGoogle Scholar
Grbić, D. 2014: Plemenske zajednice u Iliriku: predurbane administrativne strukture u rimskim provincijama izmedju Jadrana i Dunava (I–III vek), BelgradeGoogle Scholar
Haynes, I. 2013: Blood of the Provinces. The Roman Auxilia and the Making of Provincial Society from Augustus to the Severans, OxfordGoogle Scholar
Holder, A. 1904: Alt-Celtischer Sprachschatz, II, LeipzigGoogle Scholar
Holder, P.A. 1980: The Auxilia from Augustus to Trajan, BAR International Series 70, OxfordGoogle Scholar
Holder, P. 2003: ‘Auxiliary deployment in the reign of Hadrian’, in Wilkes, J.J. (ed.), Documenting the Roman Army. Essays in Honour of Margaret Roxan, London, 101‒45Google Scholar
Holder, P.A. 2006: ‘Auxiliary deployment in the reign of Trajan’, Dacia NS 50, 141‒74Google Scholar
Ivleva, T. 2014: ‘Remembering Britannia: expressions of identities by “Britons” on the Continent during the Roman Empire’, in Alroth, B. and Scheffer, Ch. (eds), Attitudes towards the Past in Antiquity. Creating Identities. Proceedings of an International Conference held at Stockholm University, 15–17 May 2009, Stockholm, 217‒31Google Scholar
Ivleva, T. 2016a: ‘Peasants into soldiers: recruitment and military mobility in the early Roman Empire’, in de Ligt, L. and Tacoma, L.E. (eds), Migration and Mobility in the Early Roman Empire, Leiden, 160‒77Google Scholar
Ivleva, T. 2016b: ‘Britons on the move: mobility of British-born emigrants in the Roman Empire’, in Millett, M., Revell, L. and Moore, A. (eds), The Oxford Handbook of Roman Britain, Oxford, 245–61Google Scholar
Jarrett, M.G. 1994: ‘Non-legionary troops in Roman Britain: Part One, the units’, Britannia 24, 3577Google Scholar
Kajanto, I. 1965: The Latin Cognomina, HelsinkiGoogle Scholar
Kakoschke, A. 2011: Die Personennamen im römischen Britannien, Alpha–Omega. Lexika – Indizes, Hildesheim-Zurich-New YorkGoogle Scholar
Labory, N. 1996: ‘Ga[v]ius Maximus ou [Lon]ganius Maximus, procurateur de Maurétanie Tingitane en 131?Antiquités Africaines 32, 63‒6Google Scholar
Matei-Popescu, F. 2015: ‘The auxiliary units in Moesia Superior and Dacia. A review and an update’, in Vagalinsky, L. and Sharankov, N. (eds), Limes XXII. Proceedings of the 22nd International Congress of Roman Frontier Studies, Ruse, Bulgaria, September 2012, Sofia, 407‒18Google Scholar
Matei-Popescu, F., and Ţentea, O. 2006: ‘Participation of the auxiliary troops from Moesia Superior in Trajan's Dacian Wars’, Dacia NS 50, 127‒40Google Scholar
Mócsy, A. 1964a: ‘A delpannóniai Cornacates az új dáciai katonai diplomán’, Antik Tanulmányok 11, 113‒15Google Scholar
Mócsy, A. 1964b: ‘Zum neuen dakischen Militärdiplom’, Argo (Ljubljana) 3(2), 73‒4Google Scholar
Mócsy, A. 1965: ‘PANNON vagy COR(I)NON?’, Antik Tanulmányok 12, 130‒2Google Scholar
Mócsy, A. 1986: ‘Die Namen der Diplomempfänger’, in Eck and Wolff 1986, 437‒66Google Scholar
Paki, A. 1998: ‘Onomasticon Daciae (I). Die Patronymika der Provinz Dacia Porolissensis’, Acta Musei Porolissensis 35, 119‒46Google Scholar
Petolescu, C.C. 2002: Auxilia Daciae. Contribuţie la istoria militară a Daciei romane, BucharestGoogle Scholar
Protase, D., Gudea, N., and Ardevan, R. 2008: Din istoria militară a Daciei romane. Castrul roman de interior de la Gherla. Aus der Militargeschichte des römischen Dakien. Das römische Binnenkastell von Gherla, TimişoaraGoogle Scholar
Ptolemy, Geography: Klaudios Ptolemaios. Handbuch der Geographie, I (Einleitung und Buch 1–4), eds Stückelberger, A. and Graßhoff, G. (Basle, 2006)Google Scholar
Ravenna Cosmography: Ravennatis Anonymi Cosmographia, ed. Schnetz, J. (being Volume II of Itineraria Romana) (Leipzig, 1940)Google Scholar
Russu, I.I. 1973: Dacia şi Pannonia Inferior în lumina diplomei militare din anul 123, BucharestGoogle Scholar
Russu, I.I. 1977: ‘L'onomastique de la Dacie romaine’, in L'onomastique latine. Actes du colloque de Paris, 13‒15 octobre 1975, Paris, 353‒62Google Scholar
Rustoiu, A. 2005: ‘Britanno-Dacica. An Irish horse bit from Roman Dacia’, Instrumentum 21, 2930Google Scholar
Spaul, J.E.H. 1994: Ala2. The Auxiliary Units of the Pre-Diocletianic Imperial Roman Army, AndoverGoogle Scholar
Spaul, J.E.H. 2000: Cohors2. The Evidence for and a Short History of the Auxiliary Infantry Units of the Imperial Roman Army, BAR International Series 841, OxfordGoogle Scholar
Speidel, M.P. 1986: ‘The soldiers’ homes’, in Eck and Wolff 1986, 467‒81Google Scholar
Webster, G. 1975: The Cornovii, LondonGoogle Scholar