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The Primacy of Truth
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 25 October 2024
Extract
Now there remains goodness, beauty, truth, these three: but the greatest of these is truth . . .
If the implied parallel between these three “transcendent- als” and St. Paul’s disposition of the theological virtues with charity at their heads be not an exact one, the right understanding of the place of truth in human life is nevertheless of no less moment than—is, indeed, an indispensable condition of—an enlightened appreciation of the claims of charity ; a fact which may perhaps go far to justify so seemingly bold an adaptation of the scriptural text.
It would not be difficult to show that whatever is permanent in human activity is in some way an expression of man’s instinctive worship of “the good, the true, the beautiful.” The saints and moral reformers, the philosophers and savants, the artists and poets proclaim their homage by their respective functions; they walk within the sanctuary of this trinity and offer their praises as its chosen votaries. As surely, if less evidently, the more familiar ways of life, the commonplace actions of every day, bring their own witness. To read a newspaper is to admit a need for knowledge, which is another name for truth—however precarious may be this particular means of obtaining it; to smoke a cigarette is to satisfy a craving, assuage desire, that is, to acquire goodness within a limited sphere of reference; to gaze upon an object or to pause and listen for no other reason than that it is delightful is to pay tribute to beauty.
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- Copyright © 1938 Provincial Council of the English Province of the Order of Preachers
References
1 The philosophical insufficiency underlying the oft-quoted lines of Keats:
“Beauty is truth, truth beauty-that is all,
Ye know on earth. and all ye need to know - could not be better illustrated than by the life of that great and tragic poet. A. C. Bradley’s essay “Keats and ‘Philosophy’ “ (published in his A Miscellany; Macmillan, 1929) throws valuable light on Keats in particular and the relation between truth and beauty in general.
2 I take beauty to mean the splendour of form, the integrity and perfection of a thing such that the very contemplation of it gives joy; id quod visum placet. So considered it has a different ratio, or constitutive principle, from truth; though, of course, the term is often and quite justifiably employed with a more extended meaning than its strict connotation. St. Augustine, for example, who uses so often the word “beauty,” thought of it as truth; or so it seems to me. It is significant that St. Thomas, perhaps the greatest of all lovers of truth precisely as truth, has little beyond the all-important essentials to say of beauty.
3 This is not intended to suggest that these great works of art are not manifestations of ontological truth. Truth is of their essence: it is because of their truth that they are beautiful. My point is that the personal realisation of their beauty is something distinct from the recognition of their truth: and further, that aesthetic sensibility, as such, is not concerned with truth, still less with moral goodness.