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The Economic Causes of Communism

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  28 November 2024

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The economic causes of any political movement or system are related to certain fundamental needs or wants of man's nature and upon the measure in which that system claims to be, and is actually, able to fulfil those wants. In the purely physical sphere these requirements of our nature are easy enough to define. But nhen we come to consider the mental and spiritual requirements of man's nature we must at the outset make a distinction between what a man needs and what he wants, far there is great diversity here. It is true that in different ages different needs and wants will predominate, and that in one century the emphasis will be laid where afterwards it is bur lightly stressed. Yet because the human body has within historical memory developed far less rhan the human mind we may say thar essential wants of the human body are constant. The want of food, for instance or the want of warmth for the body. Without these wants being satisfied the body could not survive. Now it is especially to these wants—to the complex of living conditions—that I refer when I say that the economic causes of any political system are related to certain wants of man's nature.

Type
Research Article
Copyright
Copyright © 1934 Provincial Council of the English Province of the Order of Preachers

References

1 Communist Manifesto, p. 9.

2 Lenin; State and Revolution, p. 15, et seq,

3 Engels; Anti-Dühring, p 53 (Engilsh Translation).

4 Capital., Vol. 1, 712.

5 ‘They (the Communist Party) never cease to instill into the working class the clearest possible recognition of the hostile antagonism between bourgeoisie and proletariat,’—Communist Manifesto, p. 43

6 Mirskv; Lenin. Ch. XII

7 Laski; Communism, p. 31, Hook; Toward the Understanding of Karl Marx, pp. 252-254

8 See Wage-Labour and Capital, Chap. 8-9 Capital, Vol. I, pp. 590-629, p. 653, p. 660; Communist Manifesto, p. 24.

9 ‘Every effort, therefore, must be made that at least in future a just share only of the fruits of production be permitted to accumulate in the hands of the wealthy, and that an ample sufficiency be supplied to the working men.’—Quadragesimo Anno, Part II, p. 3.

10 Sir George Newman's annual Report on the Health of the People for 1933.

11 See Lenin, The Teachings of Karl Marx, p. 34.