Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-gb8f7 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-22T18:11:26.422Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

The conservation management of Kirtland's Warbler Dendroica kirtlandii

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  11 May 2010

Cameron B. Kepler ,
G. William Irvine ,
Michael E. DeCapita  and
Jerry Weinrich
Cameron B. Kepler
Affiliation:
National Biological Service, Southeast Research Group, Warnell School of Forest Resources, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602–2152, U.S.A.
G. William Irvine
Affiliation:
5121N. Crosby Rd., Cadillac, Michigan 49601, U.S.A.
Michael E. DeCapita
Affiliation:
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Manley Miles Building, Room 310, 1405 S. Harrison, East Lansing, Michigan 48823, U.S.A.
Jerry Weinrich
Affiliation:
Michigan Department of Natural Resources, Houghton Lake Wildlife Research Station, Box 158, Houghton Lake Hts., Michigan 48630, U.S.A.
Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Summary

Core share and HTML view are not available for this content. However, as you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button.

Kirtland's Warbler Dendroica kirtlandii breeds in young jack pine Pinus banksiana forests on sandy soils in Michigan's lower peninsula, where there were 502 censused singing males in 1951 and 167 in 1974 and 1987. An ongoing control programme for the Brown-headed Cowbird Molothrus ater, a nest parasite, resulted in immediate and continued improvement in warbler reproductive success which was not, however, matched by an increase in warbler numbers until the 1990s. From three 1,000 ha reserves in the 1960s, currently over 54,000 ha are managed for the warbler. Despite the establishment of managed plantations, over 70% of warblers censused in the past 15 years have occupied habitat created by wildfires. Optimal habitat consists of more than 5,000 trees per hectare in a mosaic of dense patches interspersed with small openings. Nearly 70% of adult and 30% of juvenile warblers departing for the Bahamian wintering grounds return each spring, and the Michigan singing male population increased from 212 (1989) to 397 (1992) as abundant habitat, resulting from a 1980 wildfire, became available at Mack Lake. This suggests that lack of optimal habitat in Michigan has been the species's major problem.

Type
Research Article
Information
Bird Conservation International , Volume 6 , Issue 1 , March 1996 , pp. 11 - 22
Copyright
Copyright © Birdlife International 1996

References

Bocetti, C. I. (1991) Development of a reintroduction technique for the Kirtland's Warbler (Dendroica kirtlandii). M.S. thesis, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio.Google Scholar
Bocetti, C. I. (1994) Density, demography, and mating success of Kirtland's Warbler in managed and natural habitats. Ph.D. dissertation, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio.Google Scholar
Byelich, J., DeCapita, M. E.; Irvine, G. W., Radtke, R. E., Johnson, N. I., Jones, W. R., Mayfield, H. and Mahalak, W. J. (1976, revised 1985) Kirtland's Warbler recovery plan. Twin Cities, Minn.: U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service.Google Scholar
CREWS (Committee on Rare and Endangered Wildlife Species) (1966) Rare and endangered fish and wildlife of the United States. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office (Bureau of Sport Fisheries and Wildlife Resource Publ. 34).Google Scholar
DeCapita, M. E. (1991) Control of Brown-headed Cowbirds on Kirtland's Warbler nesting areas in northern Michigan. East Lansing, Mich.: U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, unpublished report.Google Scholar
Emlen, J. T. (1977) Land bird communities of Grand Bahama Island: the structure and dynamics of an avifauna. Orn. Monogr. 24.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kelly, S. T. and DeCapita, M. E. (1982) Cowbird control and its effect on Kirtland's Warbler reproductive success. Wilson Bull. 94: 363–365.Google Scholar
Kline, D. (1989) A manager's perspective. Pp. 55–56 in Ennis, K. R., ed. At the crossroads extinction or survival? Proc. Kirtland's Warbler Symposium. Cadillac, Mich.: U.S. Forest Service.Google Scholar
Mayfield, H. F. (1960) The Kirtland's Warbler. Cranbrook Inst. Sci. Bull. 40.Google Scholar
Mayfield, H. F. (1963) Establishment of preserves for the Kirtland's Warbler in the state and national forests of Michigan. Wilson Bull. 75. 216–220.Google Scholar
Mayfield, H. F. (1972) Third decennial census of Kirtland's Warbler. Auk 89: 263–268.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mayfield, H. F. (1983) Kirtland's Warbler, victim of its own rarity? Auk 100: 974–976.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Morse, D. H. (1989) American warblers. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nelson, M. D. (1992) Predicting Kirtland's Warbler (Dendroica kirtlandii) habitat suitability on the breeding grounds, Northern Lower Michigan. M.S. thesis, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN.Google Scholar
Nolan, V. Jr, (1978) The ecology and behavior of the Prairie Warbler Dendroica discolor. Orn. Monogr. 26.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Probst, J. R. (1985) Summer records and management implications of Kirtland's Warbler in Michigan's Upper Peninsula. Jack-Pine Warbler 63: 9–16.Google Scholar
Probst, J. R. (1986) A review of factors limiting the Kirtland's Warbler on its breeding grounds. Amer. Midland Nat. 116: 87–100.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Probst, J. R. (1988) Kirtland's Warbler breeding biology and habitat management. Pp. 28–35 in Hoekstra, J. W. and Capp, J., eds. Integrating forest management for wildlife and fish. U.S. Dept. of Agriculture Gen. Tech. Rept. NC-122.Google Scholar
Probst, J. R. (1991) Kirtland's Warbler, Dendroica kirtlandii. Pp. 414–417 in Brewer, R.McPeek, G. A., and Adams, R. J. Jr,, eds. The atlas of breeding birds of Michigan. East Lansing, Mich.: Michigan State University Press.Google Scholar
Probst, J. R. and Ennis, K. R. (1989) Multi-resource value of Kirtland's Warbler habitat. P. 69 in Ennis, K. R., ed. At the crossroads-extinction or survival? Cadillac, Mich.: Proc. Kirtland's Warbler Symposium. U.S. Forest Service.Google Scholar
Probst, J. R. and Hayes, J. P. (1987) Pairing success of Kirtland's Warblers in marginal vs. suitable habitat. Auk 104: 234–241.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Probst, J. R. and Weinrich, J. (1989) Predicting Kirtland's Warbler populations by habitat conditions. Pp. 61–62 in Ennis, K. R., ed. At the crossroads-extinction or survival? Cadillac, Mich.: Proc. Kirtland's Warbler Symposium. U.S. Forest Service.Google Scholar
Radabaugh, B. E. (1974) Kirtland's Warbler an d its Bahama wintering grounds. Wilson Bull. 86: 374–383.Google Scholar
Radtke, R. and Byelich, J. (1963). Kirtland's Warbler management. Wilson Bull. 75: 208–215.Google Scholar
Roberts, J. O. L. (1971) Survival among some North American wood warblers. Bird-Banding 42: 165–247.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ryel, L. A. (1979) The tenth Kirtland's Warbler census, 1978. Jack-Pine Warbler 75: 141–147.Google Scholar
Ryel, L. A. (1981) Population change in the Kirtland's Warbler. Jack-Pine Warbler 59: 77–90.Google Scholar
Shake, W. F. and Mattsson, J. P. (1975) Three years of cowbird control: an effort to save the Kirtland's Warbler. Jack-Pine Warbler 53: 48–53.Google Scholar
Simard, A. J., Haines, D. A., Blank, R. W. and Frost, J. S. (1983) The Mack Lake fire. U.S. Dept. of Agriculture Gen. Tech. Rept. NC-83.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Smith, E. (1979) Analysis of Kirtland's Warbler breeding habitat in Ogemaw and Roscommon Counties, Michigan. M.S. thesis, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Mich.Google Scholar
Sykes, P. W. Jr, (1989) Kirtland's Warblers on their wintering grounds in the Bahama Archipelago - a preliminary report. P. 28 in Ennis, K. R., ed. At the crossroads - extinction or survival? Cadillac, Mich.: Proc. Kirtland's Warbler Symposium., U.S. Forest Service.Google Scholar
Sykes, P. W. Jr, Kepler, C. B., Jett, D. A. and DeCapita, M. E. (1989) Kirtland's Warbler on the nesting grounds during the post-breeding period. Wilson Bull. 101: 545–558.Google Scholar
USDA (United States Department of Agriculture) and MDNR (Michigan Department of Natural Resources) (1981) Management plan for Kirtland's Warbler habitat. Unpublished report.Google Scholar
Walkinshaw, L. H. (1983) Kirtland's Warbler: the natural history of an endangered species. Cranbrook Inst. Sci. Bull. 58.Google Scholar
Weinrich, J. (1991) The Kirtland's Warbler in 1991. Michigan Dept. Nat. Res., Wildlife Div. Rept. 3150.Google Scholar
Zou, X., Theiss, C. and Barnes, B. V. (1992) Pattern of Kirtland's Warbler occurrence in relation to landscape structure in its summer habitat in northern Lower Michigan. Landscape Ecology 6: 221–231.CrossRefGoogle Scholar