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Language background affects online word order processing in a second language but not offline

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  06 July 2018

ANNIKA ANDERSSON Open the ORCID record for ANNIKA ANDERSSON [Opens in a new window] ,
SUSAN SAYEHLI  and
MARIANNE GULLBERG
ANNIKA ANDERSSON*
Affiliation:
Linnaeus University, Department of Swedish, Sweden Lund University, Lund University Humanities Lab, Sweden
SUSAN SAYEHLI
Affiliation:
Stockholm University, Centre for Research on Bilingualism, Sweden Lund University, Lund University Humanities Lab, Sweden
MARIANNE GULLBERG
Affiliation:
Lund University, Centre for Languages and Literature; Lund University Humanities Lab, Sweden
*
Address for correspondence: Annika Andersson, Linnaeus University, Trummenvägen, SE-351 95 Växjö, Sweden, Ph.: +46 470 767434. [email protected]
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Abstract

This study examines possible crosslinguistic influence on basic word order processing in a second language (L2). Targeting Swedish V2 word order we investigate adult German learners (+V2 in the L1) and English learners (-V2 in the L1) of Swedish who are matched for proficiency. We report results from two offline behavioural tasks (written production, metalinguistic judgements), and online processing as measured by event-related potentials (ERPs). All groups showed sensitivity to word order violations behaviourally and neurocognitively. Behaviourally, the learners differed from the native speakers only on judgements. Crucially, they did not differ from each other. Neurocognitively, all groups showed a similar increased centro-parietal P600 ERP-effect, but German learners (+V2) displayed more nativelike anterior ERP-effects than English learners (-V2). The results suggest crosslinguistic influence in that the presence of a similar word order in the L1 can facilitate online processing in an L2 – even if no offline behavioural effects are discerned.

Keywords

Event-related potentialsLAN/P600frontal positivityword ordercrosslinguistic influence
Type
Research Article
Information
Bilingualism: Language and Cognition , Volume 22 , Issue 4 , August 2019 , pp. 802 - 825
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2018 

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Footnotes

* We gratefully acknowledge funding from the Swedish Research Council, grant number 421-2010-2114 to M. Gullberg (Swedish Word Order Processing in Second Language Learners and Native Speakers: A Psycholinguistic and Neurocognitive Approach). We also thank Lund University Humanities Lab. We are especially grateful to Henrik Garde for programming support, and to Dr Joost van de Weijer and Dr Johan Frid for statistical support. We also thank all our participants. We express special thanks to the anonymous reviewers and to Dr John Drury for input on a previous version of this paper. All remaining errors are our own.

Supplementary material can be found online at https://doi.org/10.1017/S1366728918000573

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