Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-v9fdk Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-05T13:56:22.844Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Mindfulness Approaches in Cognitive Behavior Therapy

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 November 2008

Nirbhay N. Singh*
Affiliation:
ONE Research Institute, Richmond, Virginia, USA
Giulio E. Lancioni
Affiliation:
University of Bari, Italy
Robert G. Wahler
Affiliation:
University of Tennessee at Knoxville, USA
Alan S. W. Winton
Affiliation:
Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
Judy Singh
Affiliation:
ONE Research Institute, Richmond, Virginia, USA
*
Reprint requests to Nirbhay N. Singh, ONE Research Institute, P.O. Box 5419, Midlothian, VA 23112, USA. E-mail: [email protected]

Abstract

Mindfulness is the latest addition to the armamentarium of cognitive behavioral therapists. Mindfulness methods from the wisdom traditions, as well as from current psychological theories, are beginning to be used as cognitive behavioral strategies for alleviating psychological distress and for personal transformation. The use of mindfulness as a clinical tool is in its infancy, with attendant growing pains in theory, research and practice. We briefly discuss the historical context of the use of mindfulness, recent developments in theory, research and practice, and future developments. We conclude that mindfulness shows a lot of promise as a clinical treatment modality, but there are inherent pitfalls in the developing approaches.

Type
New and Emerging Areas
Copyright
Copyright © British Association for Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapies 2008

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Baer, R. A. (2003). Mindfulness training as a clinical intervention: a conceptual and empirical review. Clinical Psychology: Science and Practice, 10, 125143.Google Scholar
Baer, R. A. (2006). Mindfulness-Based Treatment Approaches: a clinician's guide to evidence base and applications. New York: Academic Press.Google Scholar
Baer, R. A., Smith, G. T. and Allen, K. B. (2004). Assessment of mindfulness by self-report: the Kentucky Inventory of Mindfulness Skills. Assessment, 11, 191206.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Bishop, S. R. (2002). What do we really know about mindfulness-based stress reduction? Psychosomatic Medicine, 64, 7184.Google Scholar
Bishop, S. R., Lau, M., Shapiro, S., Carlson, L., Anderson, N. D., Carmody, J., Segal, Z. V., Abbey, S., Speca, M., Velting, D. and Devins, G. (2004). Mindfulness: a proposed definition. Clinical Psychology: Science and Practice, 11, 230241.Google Scholar
Bodner, T. and Langer, E. (2001). Individual Differences in Mindfulness: the Langer Mindfulness Scale. Poster presented at the annual meeting of the American Psychological Society, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. June.Google Scholar
Brown, K. W. and Ryan, R. M. (2003). The benefits of being present: mindfulness and its role in psychological wellbeing. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 84, 822848.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Brown, K. W. and Ryan, R. M. (2004). Perils and promise in defining and measuring mindfulness: observations from experience. Clinical Psychology: Science and Practice, 11, 242248.Google Scholar
Cresswell, J. D., Baldwin, M. W., Eisenberger, N. I. and Lieberman, M. D. (2007). Neural correlates of dispositional mindfulness during affect labeling. Psychosomatic Medicine, 69, 560565.Google Scholar
Davidson, R. J., Kabat-Zinn, J., Schumacher, J., Rosenkranz, M., Muller, D., Santorelli, S. F., Urbanowski, F., Harrington, A., Bonus, K. and Sheridan, J. F. (2003). Alterations in brain and immune function produced by mindfulness meditation. Psychosomatic Medicine, 65, 564570.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
de Vignemont, F. and Singer, T. (2006). The empathic brain: how, when and why? Trends in Cognitive Science, 10, 435441.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Feldman, G. C., Hayes, A. M., Kumar, S. M., Greeson, J. M. and Laurenceau, J. P. (2007). Mindfulness and emotion regulation: the development and initial validation of the Cognitive and Affective Mindfulness Scale-Revised (CAM-R). Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment, 29, 177190.Google Scholar
Grossman, P., Niemann, L., Schmidt, S. and Walach, H. (2004). Mindfulness-based stress reduction and health benefits: a meta-analysis. Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 57, 3543.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hayes, S. C. (2004). Acceptance and commitment therapy, relational frame theory, and the third wave of behavioral and cognitive therapies. Behavior Therapy, 35, 639665.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hayes, S. C., Barnes-Holmes, D. and Roche, B. (2001). Relational Frame Theory: a post-Skinnerian account of human language and cognition. New York: Plenum Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hayes, S. C. and Shenk, C. (2004). Operationalizing mindfulness without unnecessary attachments. Clinical Psychology: Science and Practice, 10, 249254.Google Scholar
Hayes, S. C, Strosahl, K. D. and Wilson, K. G. (1999). Acceptance and Commitment Therapy: an experiential approach to behavior change. New York: Guilford Press.Google Scholar
Jacobson, N. S., Christenson, A., Prince, S. E., Cordova, J. and Eldridge, K. (2000). Integrative behavioral couple therapy: an acceptance-based, promising new treatment for couple discord. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 68, 351355.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kabat-Zinn, J. (1990). Full Catastrophe Living: using the wisdom of your body and mind to face stress, pain and illness. New York: Delacorte.Google Scholar
Langer, E. J. (1989). Mindfulness. Reading, MA: Addison Wesley.Google Scholar
Lau, M. A., Bishop, S. R., Segal, Z. V., Buis, T., Anderson, N. D., Carlson, L., Shapiro, S. and Carmody, J. (2006). The Toronto Mindfulness Scale: development and validation. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 62, 14451467.Google Scholar
Linehan, M. (1993). Cognitive-Behavioral Treatment of Borderline Personality Disorder. New York: Guilford Press.Google Scholar
Lutz, A., Brefczynski-Lewis, J., Johnstone, T. and Davidson, R. J. (2008). Regulation of the neural circuitry of emotion by compassion meditation: effects of meditative expertise. PLoS ONE 3 (3): e1897. doi: 10.1371/Journal.pone.00011897.Google Scholar
Marlatt, G. A. (2002). Buddhist philosophy and the treatment of addictive behaviors. Cognitive and Behavioral Practice, 9, 4450.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Öst, L.-G. (2008) Efficacy of the third wave of behavioral therapies: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Behavior Research and Therapy, 46, 296321.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Schwartz, J. M. and Begley, S. (2002). The Mind and the Brain: neuroplasticity and the power of mental force. New York: Harper Collins.Google Scholar
Segal, Z. V., Williams, J. M. G. and Teasdale, J. D. (2002). Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy for Depression: a new approach to preventing relapse. New York: Guilford Press.Google Scholar
Singh, N. N., Lancioni, G. E., Winton, A. S. W., Curtis, W. J., Wahler, R. G., Sabaawi, M., Singh, J. and McAleavey, K. (2006) Mindful staff increase learning and reduce aggression in adults with developmental disabilities. Research in Developmental Disabilities, 27, 545558.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Singh, N. N., Lancioni, G. E., Winton, A. S. W., Singh, J., Curtis, W. J., Wahler, R. G., and McAleavey, K. M. (2007). Mindful parenting decreases aggression and increases social behavior in children with developmental disabilities. Behavior Modification, 31, 749771.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Singh, N. N., Lancioni, G. E., Winton, A. S. W., Wahler, R. G., Singh, J. and Sage, M. (2004). Mindful caregiving increases happiness among individuals with profound multiple disabilities. Research in Developmental Disabilities, 25, 207218.Google Scholar
Singh, N. N., Winton, A. S. W., Singh, J., McAleavey, K., Wahler, R. G. and Sabaawi, M. (2006). Mindfulness-based caregiving and support. InLuiselli, J. K. (Ed.), Antecedent Assessment and Intervention: supporting children and adults with developmental disabilities in community settings (pp. 269290). Baltimore, MD: Paul H. Brookes.Google Scholar
Walach, H., Buchheld, N., Buttenmüller, V., Kleinknecht, N. and Schmidt, S. (2006). Measuring mindfulness—the Freiburg Mindfulness Inventory (FMI). Personality and Individual Differences, 40, 15431555.Google Scholar
Wells, A. (2000). Emotional Disorders and Metacognition: innovative cognitive therapy. Chichester, UK: Wiley.Google Scholar
Submit a response

Comments

No Comments have been published for this article.