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The Assessment of Food Addiction and the Yale Food Addiction Scale in Bariatric Surgery Populations

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  03 November 2021

Paul Stanley Open the ORCID record for Paul Stanley [Opens in a new window] ,
Analise O'Donovan ,
Jeffrey Schwartz  and
Shenelle Edwards-Hampton
Paul Stanley*
Affiliation:
School of Applied Psychology, Griffith University, Mt Gravatt, Queensland, Australia
Analise O'Donovan
Affiliation:
Griffith Health Centre, Griffith University Health Group, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia
Jeffrey Schwartz
Affiliation:
School of Medicine, Griffith Health Centre, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia
Shenelle Edwards-Hampton
Affiliation:
Medical Center Boulevard, Wake Forest Baptist Health, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
*
*Corresponding author: Paul Stanley, School of Applied Psychology, Griffith University, M24, 176 Messines Ridge Rd, Mount Gravatt QLD 4122, Australia. Email: [email protected]
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Abstract

Food addiction (FA) appears among bariatric weight loss surgery candidates who struggle to control the intake of hyperpalatable/refined foods have high rates of psychopathology and related health problems. Despite this, prevalence rates of FA in the bariatric sector are reported as low or variable. We investigated the prevalence of FA and the applicability of conventionally used metrics for 166 pre-surgery candidates from a weight management centre (USA) and a major metropolitan hospital (Australia). Self-report measures assessed FA (Yale Food Addiction Scale (YFAS)), body mass index (BMI), disordered eating, addictive personality, psychopathology, and diet. Consistent with prior research, standard YFAS scoring, requiring the endorsement of a distress/impairment (D/I) criterion (FA + D/I), yielded a FA prevalence rate of 12.7%, compared to 37.3% when D/I was omitted (FA − D/I). We compared profiles for those with FA using each scoring method against those ‘without’, who did not meet a minimum of three YFAS symptoms (non-FA ≤ 2). Both methods differentiated those with and without FA on addictive traits, disordered eating and hyperpalatable food consumption. Only FA + D/I differentiated markers of psychological distress or impairment, including depression, anxiety and quality of life. Results indicate a need for further FA research in bariatric settings.

Keywords

bariatric surgeryfood addictionobesityweight lossYale Food Addiction Scale
Type
Standard Paper
Information
Behaviour Change , Volume 39 , Issue 2 , June 2022 , pp. 88 - 105
Copyright
Copyright © The Author(s), 2021. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of the Australian Association for Cognitive and Behaviour Therapy

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