Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-l7hp2 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-26T20:29:08.514Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

The interactive-alignment model: Developments and refinements

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 April 2004

Martin J. Pickering  and
Simon Garrod
Martin J. Pickering*
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, EdinburghEH8 9JZ, United Kingdom
Simon Garrod*
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology, University of Glasgow, GlasgowG12 8QT, United Kingdom
*
[email protected]
[email protected]
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

The interactive-alignment model of dialogue provides an account of dialogue at the level of explanation normally associated with cognitive psychology. We develop our claim that interlocutors align their mental models via priming at many levels of linguistic representation, explicate our notion of automaticity, defend the minimal role of “other modeling,” and discuss the relationship between monologue and dialogue. The account can be applied to social and developmental psychology, and would benefit from computational modeling.

Type
Authors' Response
Information
Behavioral and Brain Sciences , Volume 27 , Issue 2 , April 2004 , pp. 212 - 225
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2004

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Ades, A. & Steedman, M. J. (1982) On the order of words. Linguistics and Philosophy 4:517-58. [aMJP]Google Scholar
Aijmer, K. (1996) Conversational routines in English: Convention and creativity. Longman. [aMJP]Google Scholar
Allen, J. F., Byron, D. K., Dzikovska, M., Ferguson, G., Galescu, L. & Stent, A. (2001) Towards conversational human-computer interaction. AI Magazine 22:27-35. [SB-S]Google Scholar
Altenberg, B. (1990) Speech as linear composition. In: Proceedings from the Fourth Nordic Conference for English Studies, ed. Caie, G., Haastrup, K., Jakobsen, A. L., Nielsen, J. E., Sevaldsen, J., Specht, H. & Zettersten, A., pp. 133-43. University of Copenhagen. [aMJP]Google Scholar
Altmann, G. T. & Steedman, M. J. (1988) Interaction with context during human sentence processing. Cognition 30:191-238. [aMJP]Google Scholar
Amis, K. (1997) The King's English: A guide to modern English usage. Harper Collins. [aMJP]Google Scholar
Anderson, A. H. & Boyle, E. (1994) Forms of introduction in dialogues: Their discourse contexts and communicative consequences. Language and Cognitive Processes 9:101-22. [aMJP]Google Scholar
Arbib, M. A. (in press) From monkey-like action recognition to human language: An evolutionary framework for neurolinguistics. Behavioral and Brain Sciences. [rMJP]Google Scholar
Badecker, W., Miozzo, M. & Zanuttini, R. (1995) The dissociation of form-based lexical retrieval from access to word-specific aspects of grammar: Evidence for two-stage lexical processing. Cognition 57:193-216. [rMJP]Google Scholar
Balota, D. A. (1990) The role of meaning in word recognition. In: Comprehension processes in reading, ed. Balota, D. A., Flores d’Arcais, G. B. & Rayner, K.. Erlbaum. [JCC]Google Scholar
Balota, D. A., Paul, S. T. & Spieler, D. H. (1999) Attentional control of lexical processing pathways during word recognition and reading. In: Language processing, ed. Garrod, S. & Pickering, M.. Psychology Press. [aMJP]Google Scholar
Bard, E. G., Anderson, A. H., Sotillo, C., Aylett, M., Doherty-Sneddon, G. & Newlands, A. (2000) Controlling the intelligibility of referring expressions in dialogue. Journal of Memory and Language 42:1-22. [aMJP]Google Scholar
Bargh, J. A. (1989) Conditional automaticity: Varieties of automatic influence in social perception and cognition. In: Unintended thoughts, ed. Uleman, J. S. & Bargh, J. A., pp. 3-51. Guilford Press. [rMJP, HS]Google Scholar
Bargh, J. A. & Chartrand, T. L. (1999) The unbearable automaticity of being. American Psychologist 54:462-79. [aMJP]Google Scholar
Bargh, J. A., Chen, M. & Burrows, L. (1996) Automaticity of social behavior: Direct effects of trait construct and stereotype activation on action. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 71:230-44. [aMJP]Google Scholar
Baron-Cohen, S., Tager-Flusberg, H. & Cohen, D. (2000) Understanding other minds: Perspectives from developmental neuroscience. Oxford University Press. [aMJP]Google Scholar
Barr, D. J. & Keysar, B. (2002) Anchoring comprehension in linguistic precedents. Journal of Memory and Language 46:391-418. [DJB]Google Scholar
(in press) Making sense of how we make sense: The paradox of egocentrism in language use. In: Figurative language comprehension: Social and cultural influences, ed. Colston, H. L. & Katz, A. N.. Erlbaum. [DJB]Google Scholar
Barton, S. & Sanford, A. J. (1993) A case-study of pragmatic anomaly-detection: Relevance-driven cohesion patterns. Memory and Cognition 21:477-87. [rMJP]Google Scholar
Barwise, J. (1989) Three views of common knowledge. In: The situation in logic, ed. Barwise, J.. CSLI. [aMJP]Google Scholar
Bates, E. & MacWhinney, B. (1987) Competition, variation and language learning. In: Mechanisms of language acquisition, ed. MacWhinney, B. & Bates, E.. Erlbaum. [PFD]Google Scholar
Bavelas, J. B., Coates, L. & Johnson, T. (2000) Listeners as co-narrators. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 79:941-52. [arMJP]Google Scholar
Binder, K. S. & Rayner, K. (1998) Context strength does not modulate the subordinate bias effect: Evidence from eye fixations and self-paced reading. Psychonomic Bulletin and Review 5:271-76. [aMJP]Google Scholar
Bock, J. K. (1986a) Meaning, sound, and syntax: Lexical priming in sentence production. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 12:575-86. [aMJP]Google Scholar
Bock, J. K. (1986b) Syntactic persistence in language production. Cognitive Psychology 18:355-87. [aMJP]Google Scholar
Bock, J. K. (1989) Closed class immanence in sentence production. Cognition 31:163-86. [aMJP]Google Scholar
Bock, J. K. (1996) Language production: Methods and methodologies. Psychonomic Bulletin and Review 3:395-421. [JCC, aMJP]Google Scholar
Bock, J. K. & Griffin, Z. M. (2000) The persistent of structural priming: Transient activation or implicit learning? Journal of Experimental Psychology: General 129:177-92. [JCC, MK, rMJP]Google Scholar
Bock, J. K. & Huitema, J. (1999) Language production. In: Language processing, ed. Garrod, S. & Pickering, M.. Psychology Press. [aMJP]Google Scholar
Bock, J. K. & Levelt, W. J. M. (1994) Language production: Grammatical encoding. In: Handbook of psycholinguistics, ed. Gernsbacher, M. A., pp. 945-84. Elsevier/Academic Press. [JCC, aMJP]Google Scholar
Bock, J. K. & Loebell, H. (1990) Framing sentences. Cognition 35:1-39. [aMJP]Google Scholar
Bock, J. K., Loebell, H. & Morey, R. (1992) From conceptual roles to structural relations: Bridging the syntactic cleft. Psychological Review 99:150-71. [aMJP]Google Scholar
Boden, D. (1994) The business of talk. Polity Press. [rMJP]Google Scholar
Boroditsky, L. (2000) Metaphorical structuring: Understanding time through spatial metaphors. Cognition 75:1-28. [aMJP]Google Scholar
Bourhis, R. Y. & Giles, H. (1977) The language of intergroup distinctiveness. In: Language, ethnicity and intergroup relations, ed. Giles, H., pp. 119-35. Academic Press. [RMK]Google Scholar
Branigan, H. P., Pickering, M. J. & Cleland, A. A. (1999) Syntactic priming in written production: Evidence for rapid decay. Psychonomic Bulletin and Review 6:635-40. [rMJP]Google Scholar
Branigan, H. P., Pickering, M. J. & Cleland, A. A. (2000) Syntactic coordination in dialogue. Cognition 75:B13-B25. [arMJP]Google Scholar
(submitted) Syntactic alignment and participant status in dialogue. [arMJP]Google Scholar
Brennan, S. E. & Clark, H. H. (1996) Conceptual pacts and lexical choice in conversation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 22:1482-93. [arMJP]Google Scholar
Brennan, S. E. & Schober, M. F. (2001) How listeners compensate for dysfluencies in spontaneous speech. Journal of Memory and Language 44:274-96. [aMJP]Google Scholar
Brooks, P. & Tomasello, M. (1999) Young children learn to produce passives with nonce verbs. Developmental Psychology 35:29-44. [aMJP]Google Scholar
Brown, P. M. & Dell, G. S. (1987) Adapting production to comprehension: The explicit mention of instruments. Cognitive Psychology 19:441-72. [SEB, arMJP]Google Scholar
Brown-Schmidt, S., Campana, E. & Tanenhaus, M. K. (2002) Reference resolution in the wild: How addresses circumscribe referential domains in a natural, interactive problem-solving task. Paper presented at the Annual Meeting of the Cognitive Science Society, Fairfax, VA, August 2002. [SB-S]Google Scholar
(in press) Real-time reference resolution by naïve participants during a taskbased unscripted conversation. In: Approaches to studying world-situated language use: Bridging the language-as-product and language-as-action traditions, ed. Trueswell, J. C. & Tanenhaus, M. K.. MIT Press. [SB-S, aMJP]Google Scholar
Burnard, L. (2000) Reference guide for the British National Corpus (World Edition). Oxford University Computing Services. [aMJP]Google Scholar
Calvert, G. A., Bullmore, E. T., Brammer, M. J., Campbell, R., Williams, S. C. R., McGuire, P. K., Woodruff, P. W. R., Iversen, S. D. & David, A. S. (1997) Activation of auditory cortex during silent lipreading. Science 276:593-96. [aMJP]Google Scholar
Capella, J. (1981) Mutual influence in expressive behavior: Adult-adult and infantadult dyadic interaction. Psychological Bulletin 89:101-32. [SDG]Google Scholar
Caramazza, A. (1991) Issues in reading, writing, and speaking. A neuropsychological perspective. Kluwer Academic. [JCC]Google Scholar
Caramazza, A. (1997) How many levels of processing are there in lexical access? Cognitive Neuropsychology 14:177-208. [aMJP]Google Scholar
Carlson, K. (2001) The effects of parallelism and prosody in the processing of gapping structures. Language and Speech 44:1-26. [aMJP]Google Scholar
Carlson-Radvansky, L. A. & Jiang, Y. (1998) Inhibition accompanies reference frame selection. Psychological Science 9:386-91. [aMJP]Google Scholar
Carpenter, G. & Grossberg, S. (1987) A massively parallel architecture for a selforganizing neural recognition machine. Computer Vision, Graphics, and Image Processing 37:54-115. [SDG]Google Scholar
Carpenter, G. & Grossberg, S., eds. (1991) Pattern recognition by self-organizing neural networks. MIT Press. [SDG]Google Scholar
Chambers, C. G., Tanenhaus, M. K., Eberhard, K. M., Filip, H. & Carlson, G. N. (2002) Circumscribing referential domains in real-time sentence comprehension. Journal of Memory and Language 47:30-49. [aMJP]Google Scholar
Chang, F., Dell, G. S., Bock, J. K. & Griffin, Z. M. (2000) Structural priming as implicit learning: A comparison of models of sentence production. Journal of Psycholinguistic Research 29:217-29. [rMJP]Google Scholar
Charniak, E. (1993) Statistical language learning. MIT Press. [aMJP]Google Scholar
Chartrand, T. L. & Bargh, J. A. (1999) The chameleon effect: The perceptionbehavior link and social interaction. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 76:893-910. [arMJP]Google Scholar
Cherry, E. C. (1956) On human communication. MIT Press. [aMJP]Google Scholar
Chomsky, N. (1965) Aspects of the theory of syntax. MIT Press. [HPB, aMJP]Google Scholar
Chomsky, N. (1973) Conditions on transformations. In: A Festschrift for Mossis Halle, ed. Anderson, S. R. & Kiparsky, R., pp. 232-86. Holt, Rinehart and Winston. [FF]Google Scholar
Chomsky, N. (1981) Lectures on government and binding. Foris. [aMJP]Google Scholar
Chomsky, N. (1995) The minimalist program. MIT Press. [aMJP]Google Scholar
Christiansen, M. H. & Chater, N. (2001) Connectionist psycholinguistics: Capturing the empirical data. Trends in Cognitive Sciences 5:82-8. [SB-S]Google Scholar
Clark, E. V. (1993) The lexicon in acquisition. Cambridge University Press. [aMJP]Google Scholar
Clark, H. H. (1979) Responding to indirect speech acts. Cognitive Psychology 11:430-77. [aMJP]Google Scholar
Clark, H. H. (1985) Language and language users. In: The handbook of social psychology, 3rd edition, ed. Lindzey, G. & Aronson, E.. Harper Row. [aMJP]Google Scholar
Clark, H. H. (1992) Arenas of language use. University of Chicago Press. [aMJP]Google Scholar
Clark, H. H. (1996) Using language. Cambridge University Press. [JG, SG, RMK, ABM, aMJP]Google Scholar
Clark, H. H. (1998) Communal lexicons. In: Context in language learning and language understanding, ed. Malmkjoer, K. & Williams, J.. Cambridge University Press. [aMJP]Google Scholar
Clark, H. H. & Marshall, C. R. (1981) Definite reference and mutual knowledge. In: Elements of discourse understanding, ed. Joshi, A. K., Sag, I. A. & Webber, B. L.. Cambridge University Press. [DJB, SRF, JG, aMJP]Google Scholar
Clark, H. H. & Murphy, G. L. (1982) Audience design in meaning and reference. In: Language and comprehension, ed. Le Ny, J. F. & Kintsch, W.. North- Holland. [RMK, aMJP]Google Scholar
Clark, H. H. & Schaefer, E. F. (1987) Concealing one's meaning from overhearers. Journal of Memory and Language 26:209-25. [aMJP]Google Scholar
Clark, H. H. & Schober, M. F. (1991) Asking questions and influencing answers. In: Questions about questions: Inquiries into the cognitive bases of surveys, ed. Tanur, J. M., pp. 15-48. Russell Sage Foundation. [MFS]Google Scholar
Clark, H. H. & Wilkes-Gibbs, D. (1986) Referring as a collaborative process. Cognition 22:1-39. [arMJP, MFS]Google Scholar
Cleland, A. A. & Pickering, M. J. (2003) The use of lexical and syntactic information in language production: Evidence from the priming of nounphrase structure. Journal of Memory and Language 49:214-30. [arMJP]Google Scholar
Clement, C. A. & Gentner, D. (1991) Systematicity as a selection constraint in analogical mapping. Cognitive Science 15:89-132. [ABM]Google Scholar
Coates, J. (1990) Modal meaning: The semantic-pragmatic interface. Journal of Semantics 7:53-64. [aMJP]Google Scholar
Conrad, F. G. & Schober, M. F. (2000) Clarifying question meaning in a household telephone survey. Public Opinion Quarterly 64:1-28. [MFS]Google Scholar
Consortium, T. T. (2000) The TRINDI Book. University of Gothenburg. Available at: http://www.ling.gu.se/research/projects/trindi. [JG]Google Scholar
Cooper, R., Larsson, S., Hieronymus, J., Ericsson, S., Engdahl, E. & Ljunglof, P. (2000) GODIS and questions under discussion. In: The TRINDI Book. University of Gothenburg. Available at: http://www.ling.gu.se/research/ projects/trindi. [JG]Google Scholar
Creswell, C. (2002) Resumptive pronouns, wh-island violations, and sentence production. In: Proceedings of the Sixth International Workshop on Tree Adjoining Grammar and Related Frameworks (TAG_6), pp. 101-109. Universita di Venezia. [FF]Google Scholar
Cutting, J. C. (1998) The production and comprehension lexicons: What is shared and what is not. Doctoral dissertation, University of Illinois, 1997. Dissertation Abstracts International: Section B: The Sciences and Engineering 58:10-B. [JCC]Google Scholar
Cutting, J. C. & Bock, J. K. (1997) That's the way the cookie bounces: Syntactic and semantic components of experimentally elicited idiom blends. Memory and Cognition 25:57-71. [JCC, aMJP]Google Scholar
de Boer, B. (2000) Self-organization in vowel systems. Journal of Phonetics 28:441-65. [SDG]Google Scholar
Dell, G. S. (1986) A spreading-activation theory of retrieval in sentence production. Psychological Review 93:283-321. [SDG, aMJP]Google Scholar
Dell, G. S, Chang, F. & Griffin, Z. M. (1999) Connectionist models of language production: Lexical access and grammatical encoding. Cognitive Science 23:517-42. [JCC]Google Scholar
Desrochers, A. & Paivio, A. (1990) Le phonem initial des noms inanimes et son effet sur l’identification du genre grammatical [The initial phoneme of inanimate nouns and its effect for the identification of grammatical gender]. Canadian Journal of Psychology 44:44-57. [NOS]Google Scholar
Desrochers, A., Paivio, A. & Desrochers, S. (1989) L’effet de la frequence d’usage des noms inanimes et de la valeur predictive de leur terminaison sur l’identification du genre grammatical [The effect of frequency of usage of inanimate nouns and of the predictive value of their endings on the identification of grammatical gender]. Canadian Journal of Psychology 43:62-73. [NOS]Google Scholar
Dijksterhuis, A. & Bargh, J. A. (2001) The perception-behavior expressway: Automatic effects of social perception on social behavior. In: Advances in experimental social psychology, vol. 33, ed. Zanna, M. P., pp. 1-40. Academic Press. [arMJP]Google Scholar
Dijksterhuis, A. & van Knippenberg, A. (1998) The relation between perception and behavior or how to win a game of Trivial Pursuit. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 74:865-77. [aMJP]Google Scholar
Doherty-Sneddon, G., Anderson, A. H., O’Malley, C., Langton, S., Garrod, S. & Bruce, V. (1997) Face-to-face and video-mediated communication: A comparison of dialogue structure and task performance. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Applied 3:105-25. [aMJP]Google Scholar
Dominey, P. F. (2000) Conceptual grounding in simulation studies of language acquisition. Evolution of Communication 4(1):57-85. [PFD]Google Scholar
Dominey, P. F. (2003a) Learning grammatical constructions in a miniature language from narrated video events. In: Proceedings of the 25th Annual Meeting of the Cognitive Science Society. (in press). Available at: http://www.isc.cnrs.fr/wp/ DomineyISC-WP0.pdf. [PFD]Google Scholar
Dominey, P. F. (2003b) Learning grammatical constructions from narrated video events for human-robot interaction. In: Proceedings of the 2003 IEEE Humanoid Robot Conference, Karlsruhe, Germany. [PFD]Google Scholar
Drew, P. (1997) “Open” class repair initiators in response to sequential sources of troubles in conversation. Journal of Pragmatics 28:69-101. [EAS]Google Scholar
Duffy, S. A., Morris, R. K. & Rayner, K. (1988) Lexical ambiguity and fixation times in reading. Journal of Memory and Language 27:429-46. [aMJP]Google Scholar
Epley, N. & Gilovich, T. (1999) Just going along: Nonconscious priming and conformity to social pressure. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology 35:578-89. [rMJP]Google Scholar
Fay, N., Garrod, S. & Carletta, J. (2000) Group discussion as interactive dialogue or as serial monologue: The influence of group size. Psychological Science 11:481-86. [aMJP]Google Scholar
Fernández, R. & Ginzburg, J. (2002) Non-sentential utterances: Grammar and dialogue dynamics in corpus annotation. In: Proceedings of the 19th International Conference on Computational Linguistics (CoLing), pp. 253-59. Morgan Kaufman. [aMJP]Google Scholar
Ferreira, F. & Swets, B. (2003) The production and comprehension of resumptive pronouns in relative clause “island” contexts. Paper presented at the Max Planck Institute's Four Corners Workshop Series. Workshop 2: The relationship between language comprehension and language production. Nijmegen, the Netherlands, April 5, 2003. [FF]Google Scholar
Ferreira, V. S. & Dell, G. S. (2000) Effect of ambiguity and lexical availability on syntactic and lexical production. Cognitive Psychology 40:296-340. [SEB, arMJP]Google Scholar
Ferreira, V. S. & Griffin, Z. M. (2003) Phonological influences on lexical (mis)selection. Psychological Science 14:86-90. [SG]Google Scholar
Fodor, J. A., Bever, T. G. & Garrett, M. F. (1974) The psychology of language. McGraw Hill. [aMJP]Google Scholar
Fowler, C. A., Brown, J. M., Sabadini, L. & Weihing, J. (2003) Rapid access to speech gestures in perception: Evidence from choice and simple responsetime tasks. Journal of Memory and Language 49:396-413. [rMJP]Google Scholar
Fowler, C. & Housum, J. (1987) Talkers’ signaling “new” and “old” words in speech and listeners’ perception and use of the distinction. Journal of Memory and Language 26:489-504. [aMJP]Google Scholar
Frazier, L. & Rayner, K. (1990) Taking on semantic commitments: Processing multiple meanings vs. multiple senses. Journal of Memory and Language 29:181-200. [rMJP]Google Scholar
Frisson, S. & Pickering, M. J. (1999) The processing of metonymy: Evidence from eye-movements. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 25:1366-83. [rMJP]Google Scholar
Frisson, S. & Pickering, M. J. (2001) Obtaining a figurative interpretation of a word: Support for underspecification. Metaphor and Symbol 16:149-71. [rMJP]Google Scholar
Fussell, S. R. & Krauss, R. M. (1989) Understanding friends and strangers: The effects of audience design on message comprehension. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology 19:509-26. [RMK]Google Scholar
Fussell, S. R. & Krauss, R. M. (1992) Coordination of knowledge in communication: Effects of speakers’ assumptions about what others know. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 62:378-91. [SG, RMK, aMJP]Google Scholar
Fussell, S. R., Kraut, R. E. & Siegel, J. (2000) Coordination of communication: Effects of shared visual context on collaborative work. In: Proceedings of the CSCW 2000 Conference on Computer-Supported Cooperative Work. ACM Press. [SRF]Google Scholar
Fussell, S. R., Setlock, L. D. & Kraut, R. E. (2003) Effects of head-mounted and scene-oriented video systems on remote collaboration on physical tasks. In: Proceedings of the CHI 2003 Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems. ACM Press [SRF]Google Scholar
Gagné, C. L. (2001) Relation and lexical priming during the interpretation of noun-noun combinations. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 27:236-54. [aMJP]Google Scholar
Gagné, C. L. & Shoben, E. J. (2002) Priming relations in ambiguous noun-noun combinations. Memory and Cognition 30:637-46. [aMJP]Google Scholar
Garrett, M. (1980) Levels of processing in speech production. In: Language production, vol. 1, ed. Butterworth, B.. Academic Press. [aMJP]Google Scholar
Garrod, S. (1999) The challenge of dialogue for theories of language processing. In: Language processing, ed. Garrod, S. & Pickering, M.. Psychology Press. [aMJP]Google Scholar
Garrod, S. & Anderson, A. (1987) Saying what you mean in dialogue: A study in conceptual and semantic co-ordination. Cognition 27:181-218. [SRF, PGTH, arMJP, TW]Google Scholar
Garrod, S. & Clark, A. (1993) The development of dialogue co-ordination skills in schoolchildren. Language and Cognitive Processes 8:101-26. [HPB, aMJP]Google Scholar
Garrod, S. & Doherty, G. (1994) Conversation, co-ordination and convention: An empirical investigation of how groups establish linguistic conventions. Cognition 53:181-215. [PGTH, aMJP]Google Scholar
Garrod, S. & Pickering, M. J. (2004) Why is conversation so easy? Trends in Cognitive Sciences 8:8-11. [rMJP]Google Scholar
Garrod, S. & Sanford, A. J. (1977) Interpreting anaphoric relations: The integration of semantic information while reading. Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior 16:77-90. [aMJP]Google Scholar
Gaskell, M. G. & Marslen-Wilson, W. D. (1997) Integrating form and meaning: A distributed model of speech perception. Language and Cognitive Processes 12:613-56. [SDG]Google Scholar
Gazdar, G., Klein, E., Pullum, G. & Sag, I. A. (1985) Generalized phrase structure grammar. Blackwell. [aMJP]Google Scholar
Gentner, D. (1983) Structure-mapping: A theoretical framework for analogy. Cognitive Science 7:155-70. [ABM]Google Scholar
Gentner, D. & Markman, A. B. (1997) Structural alignment in analogy and similarity. American Psychologist 52(1):45-56. [ABM,arMJP]Google Scholar
Gerrig, R. J. & Bortfeld, H. (1999) Sense creation in and out of discourse contexts. Journal of Memory and Language 41:457-68. [aMJP]Google Scholar
Giles, H., Coupland, N. & Coupland, J. (1991) Accommodation theory: Communication, context, and consequence. In: Contexts of accommodation: Developments in applied sociolinguistics, ed. Giles, H., Coupland, J., & Coupland, N., pp. 1-68. Cambridge University Press. [SDG, RMK, arMJP]Google Scholar
Giles, H. & Powesland, P. F. (1975) Speech styles and social evaluation. Academic Press. [aMJP]Google Scholar
Ginzburg, J. (1996) Interrogatives: Questions, facts, and dialogue. In: Handbook of contemporary semantic theory, ed. Lappin, S.. Blackwell. [JG]Google Scholar
Ginzburg, J. (1997a) On some semantic consequences of turn taking. In: Proceedings of the 11th Amsterdam Colloquium on Formal Semantics and Logic, ed. Dekker, P., Stokhof, M. & Venema, Y., pp. 145-50. Institute for Logic, Language, and Computation (ILLC). Available at: http://www.dcs.kcl.ac.uk/staff/ginzburg. [JG]Google Scholar
Ginzburg, J. (1997b) Structural mismatch in dialogue. In: Proceedings of MunDial 97 (Technical Report 97-106), ed. Jaeger, G. & Benz, A., pp. 59-80. Universität München Centrum für Informations- und Sprachverarbeitung. Available at: http://www.dcs.kcl.ac.uk/staff/ginzburg. [JG]Google Scholar
Ginzburg, J. (1999) Ellipsis resolution with syntactic presuppositions. In: Computing meaning 1: Current issues in computational semantics, ed. Bunt, H. & Muskens, R.. Kluwer. [aMJP]Google Scholar
Ginzburg, J. (2001) Fragmenting meaning: Clarification ellipsis and nominal anaphora. In: Computing meaning 2: Current issues in computational semantics, ed. Bunt, H.. Kluwer. [aMJP]Google Scholar
Ginzburg, J. (2003) Disentangling public from private meaning. In: Current and new directions in discourse and dialogue, ed. van Kuppevelt, J. & Smith, R., pp. 183-212. Kluwer. Available at: http://www.dcs.kcl.ac.uk/staff/ginzburg. [JG]Google Scholar
(forthcoming) Semantics and interaction in dialogue. CSLI Publications and University of Chicago Press. Draft chapters available at: http://www.dcs.kcl.ac.uk/staff/ginzburg. [JG]Google Scholar
Ginzburg, J. & Cooper, R. (2004) Clarification, ellipsis, and the nature of contextual updates. Linguistics and Philosophy 27(3):297-365. Available at: http://www.dcs.kcl.ac.uk/staff/ginzburg. [JG]Google Scholar
Ginzburg, J. & Sag, I. A. (2001) Interrogative investigations. CSLI. [aMJP]Google Scholar
Goldberg, A. (1995) Constructions. University of Chicago Press. [PFD]Google Scholar
Goldinger, S. D. (1998) Echoes of echoes? An episodic theory of lexical access. Psychological Review 105:251-79. [SDG, MK, RMK, arMJP]Google Scholar
Goldinger, S. D. & Azuma, T. (in press) Puzzle-solving science: The quixotic quest for units in speech perception. Journal of Phonetics. [SDG]Google Scholar
Goodwin, C. (1979) The interactive construction of a sentence in natural conversation. In: Everyday language: Studies in ethnomethodology, ed. Psathas, G., pp. 97-121. Irvington. [EAS]Google Scholar
Graesser, A. C., Weimer-Hastings, P. & Weimer-Hastings, K. (2001) Constructing inferences and relations during text comprehension. In: Text representation: Linguistic and psycholinguistic aspects, ed. Sanders, T., Schilperoord, J. & Spooren, W., pp. 249-72. Benjamins. [ABM]Google Scholar
Gregory, S. W & Webster, S. (1996) A nonverbal signal in voices of interview partners effectively predicts communication accommodation and social status. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 70:1231-40. [RMK]Google Scholar
Grossberg, S. (1980) How does a brain build a cognitive code? Psychological Review 87:1-51. [SDG, rMJP]Google Scholar
Grossberg, S. (1999) The link between brain learning, attention, and consciousness. Consciousness and Cognition 8:1-44. [SDG]Google Scholar
Grossberg, S., Boardman, I. & Cohen, M. (1997) Neural dynamics of variable-rate speech categorization. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance 23:483-503. [SDG]Google Scholar
Grossberg, S. & Myers, C. W. (2000) The resonant dynamics of speech perception: Interword integration and duration-dependent backward effects. Psychological Review 107:735-67. [SDG]Google Scholar
Grossberg, S. & Stone, G. O. (1986) Neural dynamics of word recognition and recall: Priming, learning, and resonance. Psychological Review 93:46-74. [SDG]Google Scholar
Gunlogson, C. (2003) True to form: Rising and falling declaratives as questions in English. Routledge. [SB-S]Google Scholar
Halpern, Y. & Moses, Y. (1990) Knowledge and common knowledge in a distributed environment. Journal of the ACM 37:549-87. [aMJP]Google Scholar
Hamblin, C. L. (1970) Fallacies. Methuen. [JG]Google Scholar
Hanna, J. E. & Tanenhaus, M. K. (2004) Pragmatic effects on reference resolution in a collaborative task: Evidence from eye movements. Cognitive Science 28:105-15. [SEB]Google Scholar
Hanna, J. E., Tanenhaus, M. K. & Trueswell, J. C. (2003) The effects of common ground and perspective on domains of referential interpretation. Journal of Memory and Language 49(1):43-61. [SEB, arMJP, SB-S]Google Scholar
Hartsuiker, R. J. & Kolk, H. H. J. (2001) Error monitoring in speech production: A computational test of the perceptual loop theory. Cognitive Psychology 42:113-57. [aMJP]Google Scholar
Hartsuiker, R. J. & Westenberg, C. (2000) Persistence of word order in written and spoken sentence production. Cognition 75:B27-39. [arMJP]Google Scholar
Hartsuiker, R. J., Pickering, M. J. & Veltkamp, E. (2004) Is syntax separate or shared between languages? Cross-linguistic syntactic priming in Spanish/ English bilinguals. Psychological Science 15:409-14. [rMJP]Google Scholar
Haviland, S. E. & Clark, H. H. (1974) What's new? Acquiring new information as a process in comprehension. Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior 13:512-21. [aMJP]Google Scholar
Healey, P. G. T. (1997) Expertise or expertese?: The emergence of task-oriented sub-languages. In: Proceedings of the 19th Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society, 7th-10th August, Stanford University, California, ed. Shafto, M. G. & Langley, P., pp. 301-306. Erlbaum. [PGTH]Google Scholar
(in preparation) Semantic co-ordination in dialogue: Communication as a special case of misunderstanding. Unpublished manuscript. [PGTH]Google Scholar
Heyes, C. M. (2001) Causes and consequences of imitation. Trends in Cognitive Sciences 5:253-61. [aMJP]Google Scholar
Hintzman, D. L. (1986) “Schema-abstraction” in a multiple trace model. Psychological Review 93:411-28. [MK]Google Scholar
Holtgraves, T. (1994) Communication in context: Effects of speaker status on the comprehension of indirect requests. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 20:1205-18. [HS]Google Scholar
Hommel, B., Müsseler, J., Aschersleben, G. & Prinz, W. (2001) The theory of event coding (TEC): A framework for perception and action planning. Behavioral and Brain Sciences 24:849-937. [JCC, arMJP]Google Scholar
Horton, W. S. & Keysar, B. (1996) When do speakers take into account common ground? Cognition 59:91-117. [SEB, arMJP]Google Scholar
Hurley, S. & Chater, N., eds. (in press) Perspectives on imitation: From mirror neurons to memes, vols. 1 & 2. MIT Press. [arMJP]Google Scholar
Iacoboni, M., Woods, R. P., Brass, M., Bekkering, H., Mazziotta, J. C. & Rizzolatti, G. (1999) Cortical mechanisms of human imitation. Science 286:2526-28. [aMJP]Google Scholar
Isaacs, E. A. & Clark, H. H. (1987) References in conversations between experts and novices. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General 116:26-37. [rMJP]Google Scholar
Jackendoff, R. (1997) The architecture of the language faculty. MIT Press. [aMJP]Google Scholar
Jackendoff, R. (1999) Parallel constraint-based generative theories of language. Trends in Cognitive Sciences 3:393-400. [aMJP]Google Scholar
Jackendoff, R. (2002) Foundations of language. Oxford University Press. [arMJP]Google Scholar
Jansma, B. M. & Schiller, N. O. (2004) Monitoring syllable boundaries during speech production. Brain and Language 90:311-17. [NOS]Google Scholar
Jefferson, G. (1974) Error correction as an interactional resource. Language in Society 2:181-99. [EAS]Google Scholar
Jefferson, G. (1980) On “trouble-premonitory” response to inquiry. Sociological Inquiry 50(3-4):153-85. [EAS]Google Scholar
Jefferson, G. (1986) Notes on “latency” in overlap onset. Human Studies 9:153-83. [EAS]Google Scholar
Jefferson, G. (1987) On exposed and embedded corrections in conversation. In: Talk and social organization, ed. Button, G. & Lee, J. R. E.. Multilingual Matters. [aMJP, EAS]Google Scholar
Johnson, K., Strand, E. A. & D’Imperio, M. (1999) Auditory-visual integration of talker gender in vowel perception. Journal of Phonetics 27(4):359-84. [HS]Google Scholar
Johnson-Laird, P. N. (1983) Mental models: Toward a cognitive science of language, inference and consciousness. Harvard University Press. [RK, arMJP]Google Scholar
Just, M. A. & Carpenter, P. A. (1980) A theory of reading: From eye fixations to comprehension. Psychological Review 87:329-54. [aMJP]Google Scholar
Kaplan, R. & Bresnan, J. (1982) Lexical-functional grammar: A formal system for grammatical representation. In: The mental representation of grammatical relations, ed. Bresnan, J.. MIT Press. [aMJP]Google Scholar
Kaschak, M. P. (2003) This syntax needs learned: Adult acquisition of novel syntactic constructions. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, University of Wisconsin-Madison. [MK]Google Scholar
Kellas, G. & Vu, H. (1999) Strength of context does modulate the subordinate bias effect: A reply to Binder and Rayner. Psychonomic Bulletin and Review 6:511-17. [aMJP]Google Scholar
Kempen, G. & Huijbers, P. (1983) The lexicalization process in sentence production and naming: Indirect election of words. Cognition 14:824-43. [aMJP]Google Scholar
Kempson, R., Meyer-Viol, W. & Gabbay, D. (2001) Dynamic syntax. Blackwell. [RK, aMJP]Google Scholar
Keysar, B. (1994) The illusory transparency of intention: Linguistic perspective taking in text. Cognitive Psychology 26:165-208. [ABM]Google Scholar
Keysar, B. (1997) Unconfounding common ground. Discourse Processes 24:253-70. [DJB, SEB]Google Scholar
Keysar, B., Barr, D. J. & Balin, J. A. (1998) Definite reference and mutual knowledge: Process models of common ground in comprehension. Journal of Memory and Language 39:1-20. [aMJP, ABM]Google Scholar
Keysar, B., Barr, D. J., Balin, J. A. & Brauner, J. S. (2000) Taking perspective in conversation: The role of mutual knowledge in comprehension. Psychological Science 11:32-38. [aMJP]Google Scholar
Keysar, B., Lin, S. H. & Barr, D. J. (2003) Limits on theory of mind use in adults. Cognition 89:25-41. [rMJP]Google Scholar
Kingsbury, D. (1968) Manipulating the amount of information obtained from a person giving directions. Unpublished honors thesis, Department of Social Relations, Harvard University. [RMK, rMJP]Google Scholar
Krauss, R. M. & Fussell, S. R. (1996) Social psychological models of interpersonal communication. In: Social psychology: A handbook of basic principles, ed. Higgins, E. T. & Kruglanski, A., pp. 655-701. Guilford. [RMK]Google Scholar
Kraut, R. E., Fussell, S. R. & Siegel, J. (2003) Visual information as a conversational resource in collaborative physical tasks. Human-computer interaction 18:13-49. [SRF, rMJP]Google Scholar
Kraut, R. E., Gergle, D. & Fussell, S. R. (2002) The use of visual information in shared visual spaces: Informing the development of virtual co-presence. In: Proceedings of the CSCW 2002 Conference on Computer-Supported Cooperative Work. ACM Press. [SRF]Google Scholar
Kuiper, K. (1996) Smooth talkers: The linguistic performance of auctioneers and sportscasters. Erlbaum. [arMJP]Google Scholar
Lakin, J. L. & Chartrand, T. L. (2003) Using nonconscious behavioral mimicry to create affiliation and rapport. Psychological Science 14:334-39. [rMJP]Google Scholar
Larsson, S. (2002) Issue based dialogue management. Doctoral dissertation, Gothenburg University. [JG]Google Scholar
Lee, B. P. H. (2001) Mutual knowledge, background knowledge and shared beliefs: Their roles in establishing common ground. Journal of Pragmatics 33:21-44. [DJB]Google Scholar
Lerner, G. H. (1991) On the syntax of sentences-in-progress. Language in Society 20:441-58. [EAS]Google Scholar
Lerner, G. H. (1996) On the “semi-permeable” character of grammatical units in conversation: Conditional entry into the turn space of another speaker. In: Interaction and grammar, ed. Ochs, E., Schegloff, E. A. & Thompson, S. A., pp. 238-76. Cambridge University Press. [EAS]Google Scholar
Levelt, W. J. M. (1983) Monitoring and self-repair in speech. Cognition 14:41-104. [aMJP]Google Scholar
Levelt, W. J. M. (1989) Speaking: From intention to articulation. MIT Press. [DJB,JCC,SG,aMJP,NOS]Google Scholar
Levelt, W. J. M. & Kelter, S. (1982) Surface form and memory in question answering. Cognitive Psychology 14:78-106. [arMJP]Google Scholar
Levelt, W. J. M. & Maassen, B. (1981) Lexical search and order of mention in sentence production. In: Crossing the boundaries in linguistics: Studies presented to Manfred Bierwisch, ed. Klein, W. & Levelt, W. J. M.. Riedel. [aMJP]Google Scholar
Levelt, W. J. M., Roelofs, A. & Meyer, A. S. (1999) A theory of lexical access in speech production. Behavioral and Brain Sciences 22:1-75. [JCC,SDG,aMJP,NOS]Google Scholar
Lewis, D. K. (1969) Convention: A philosophical study. Basil Blackwell/Harvard University Press. [PGTH,aMJP]Google Scholar
Lewis, D. K. (1979) Score keeping in a language game. In: Semantics from different points of view, ed. Bauerle, R., pp. 172-87. Springer. [JG]Google Scholar
Liberman, A. M., Cooper, F. S., Shankweiler, D. P. & Studdert-Kennedy, M. (1967) Perception of the speech code. Psychological Review 74:431-61. [HS]Google Scholar
Liberman, A. M. & Whalen, D. H. (2000) On the relation of speech to language. Trends in Cognitive Sciences 4:187-96. [aMJP]Google Scholar
Lindblom, B. (1990) Explaining variation: A sketch of the H and H theory. In: Speech production and speech modeling, ed. Hardcastle, W. & Marchal, A.. Kluwer. [aMJP]Google Scholar
Linnell, P. (1998) Approaching dialogue: Talk, interaction, and contexts in a dialogical perspective. Benjamins. [aMJP]Google Scholar
Lockridge, C. B. & Brennan, S. E. (2002) Addressees’ needs influence speakers’ early syntactic choices. Psychonomic Bulletin and Review 9:550-57. [SEB,arMJP]Google Scholar
Lombardi, L. & Potter, M. C. (1992) The regeneration of syntax in short term memory. Journal of Memory and Language 31:713-33. [aMJP]Google Scholar
MacDonald, M. C., Pearlmutter, N. J. & Seidenberg, M. S. (1994) Lexical nature of syntactic ambiguity resolution. Psychological Review 101:676-703. [MK]Google Scholar
MacKay, D. (1987) The organization of perception and action. Springer. [aMJP]Google Scholar
Magnuson, J. & Nusbaum, H. C. (1994) Some acoustic and nonacoustic conditions that produce talker normalization. In: Proceedings of the Spring Meeting of the Acoustical Society of Japan, Tokyo, March 1994, pp. 637-38. Acoustical Society of Japan. [HS]Google Scholar
Markman, A. B. (1997) Constraints on analogical inference. Cognitive Science 21(4):373-418. [ABM]Google Scholar
Markman, A. B. & Gentner, D. (1993) Structural alignment during similarity comparisons. Cognitive Psychology 25:431-67. [aMJP]Google Scholar
Markman, A. B. & Gentner, D. (2000) Structure mapping in the comparison process. American Journal of Psychology 113(4):501-38. [ABM]Google Scholar
Markman, A. B. & Makin, V. S. (1998) Referential communication and category acquisition. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General 127:331-54. [aMJP]Google Scholar
Marslen-Wilson, W. D. (1973) Linguistic structure and speech shadowing at very short latencies. Nature 244:522-23. [aMJP]Google Scholar
Martin, R. C., Lesch, M. F. & Bartha, M. C. (1999) Independence of input and output phonology in word processing and short-term memory. Journal of Memory and Language 41:3-29. [JCC]Google Scholar
Mattingly, I. G. & Liberman, A. M. (1988) Specialized perceiving systems for speech and other biologically significant sounds. In: Auditory function, ed. Edelman, G. M.. Wiley. [aMJP]Google Scholar
Mazur, A. (1985) A biosocial model of status in face-to-face primate groups. Social Forces 64:377-402. [AM]Google Scholar
McCarthy, J. (1990) Formalization of two puzzles involving knowledge. In: Formalizing common sense: Papers by John McCarthy, ed. Lifschitz, V.. Ablex. [aMJP]Google Scholar
McClelland, J. L. & Elman, J. L. (1986) The TRACE model of speech perception. Cognitive Psychology 18:1-86. [SDG]Google Scholar
McClelland, J. L., St. John, M. & Taraban, R. (1989) Sentence comprehension: A parallel distributed processing approach. Language and Cognitive Processes 4:287-336. [SDG]Google Scholar
McDaniel, D. & Cowart, W. (1999) Experimental evidence for a minimalist account of English resumptive pronouns. Cognition 70:B15-B24. [FF]Google Scholar
McKoon, G. & Ratcliff, R. (1992) Inference during reading. Psychological Review 99:440-66. [ABM]Google Scholar
Meltzoff, A. N. & Decety, J. (2003) What imitation tells us about social cognition: A rapprochement between developmental psychology and cognitive neuroscience. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London 358:491-500. [rMJP]Google Scholar
Metzing, C. & Brennan, S. E. (2001) When conceptual pacts are broken: Partner effects in the comprehension of referring expressions. In: Abstracts of the Psychonomic Society, 42nd Annual Meeting, Orlando, FL, November 2001, p. 29. Psychonomic Society. [SEB]Google Scholar
Metzing, C. & Brennan, S. E. (2003) When conceptual pacts are broken: Partner-specific effects on the comprehension of referring expressions. Journal of Memory and Language 49:201-13. [SEB, rMJP]Google Scholar
Meyer, A. S. (1996) Lexical access in phrase and sentence production: Results from picture-word interference experiments. Journal of Memory and Language 35:477-96. [aMJP]Google Scholar
Moore, J. (1995) Participating in explanatory dialogues. Bradford Books/MIT Press. [JG]Google Scholar
Morales, M., Mundy, P., Delgado, C. E. F., Yale, M., Messinger, D., Neal, R. & Schwartz, H. K. (2000) Responding to joint attention across the 6- through 24- month age period and early language acquisition. Journal of Applied Developmental Psychology 21(3):283-98. [PFD]Google Scholar
Morgan, J. L. (1973) Sentence fragments and the notion “sentence”. In: Issues in linguistics: Papers in honor of Henry and Renée Kahane, ed. Kachru, B. B., Lees, R. B., Malkiel, Y., Pietrangeli, A. & Saporta, S.. University of Illinois Press. [aMJP]Google Scholar
Morgan, J. L. & Wheeldon, L. R. (2003) Syllable monitoring in internally and externally generated English words. Journal of Psycholinguistic Research 32:269-96. [NOS]Google Scholar
Morton, J. (1969) Interaction of information in word recognition. Psychological Review 76:165-78. [aMJP]Google Scholar
Moss, H. E. & Gaskell, G. M. (1999) Lexical semantic processing during speech. In: Language processing, ed. Garrod, S. & Pickering, M.. Psychology Press. [aMJP]Google Scholar
Mullennix, J. W. & Pisoni, D. B. (1990) Stimulus variability and processing dependencies in speech perception. Perception and Psychophysics 47(4):379-90. [HS]Google Scholar
Müller, O. & Hagoort, P. (2001) Semantic and syntactic properties of a word - which are first in reading? In: Abstracts of the Annual Meeting of the Cognitive Neuroscience Society, p. 124. Cognitive Neuroscience Society. [NOS]Google Scholar
Muller-Gass, A., Gonthier, I., Desrochers, A. & Campbell, K. B. (2000) Multiple P3 evidence of a two-stage process in word gender decision. NeuroReport 16:3527-31. [NOS]Google Scholar
Murphy, G. L. (1988) Comprehending complex concepts. Cognitive Science 12:529-62. [aMJP]Google Scholar
Myers, J. L. & O’Brien, E. J. (1998) Accessing the discourse representation during reading. Discourse Processes 26:131-57. [MK]Google Scholar
Nadig, J. S. & Sedivy, J. C. (2002) Evidence of perspective-taking constraints in children's on-line reference resolution. Psychological Science 13:329-36. [SEB, arMJP]Google Scholar
Natale, M. (1975a) Convergence of mean vocal intensity in dyadic communication as a function of social desirability. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 32:790-804. [RMK]Google Scholar
Natale, M. (1975b) Social desirability as related to convergence of temporal speech patterns. Perceptual and Motor Skills 40:827-39. [RMK]Google Scholar
Nearey, T. M. (1989) Static, dynamic, and relational properties in vowel perception. Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 85(5):2088-113. [HS]Google Scholar
Newtson, D. (1994) The perception and coupling of behavior waves. In: Dynamical systems in social psychology, ed. Vallacher, R. & Nowak, A., pp. 139-67. Academic Press. [SDG]Google Scholar
Niedzielski, N. (1999) The effect of social information on the perception of sociolinguistic variables. Journal of Language and Social Psychology 18(1):62-85. [HS]Google Scholar
Nunberg, G., Sag, I. A. & Wasow, T. (1994) Idioms. Language 70:491-538. [aMJP]Google Scholar
Nusbaum, H. C. & Henly, A. S. (1989) Understanding speech from the perspective of cognitive psychology. Paper presented at the Workshop on Spoken Language Understanding, Department of Psychology, State University of New York at Buffalo, 1989. [HS]Google Scholar
Nusbaum, H. C. & Magnuson, J. (1997) Talker normalization. In: Talker variability in speech processing, ed. Johnson, K. & Mullennix, J. W.. Academic Press. [HS]Google Scholar
Nusbaum, H. C. & Morin, T. M. (1992) Paying attention to differences among talkers. In: Speech production, perception, and linguistic structure, ed. Tohkura, Y., Sagisaka, Y. & Vatikiotis-Bateson, E., pp. 113-34. Ohmasha Publishing. [HS]Google Scholar
Nusbaum, H. C. & Schwab, E. C. (1986) The role of attention and active processing in speech perception. In: Pattern recognition by humans and machines: Speech perception, vol. 1, ed. Nusbaum, H. C. & Schwab, E. C., pp. 113-57. Academic Press. [HS]Google Scholar
Oomen, C. C. E. & Postma, A. (2002) Limitations in processing resources and speech monitoring. Language and Cognitive Processes 17:163-84. [aMJP]Google Scholar
Peterson, G. & Barney, H. (1952) Control methods used in the study of vowels. Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 24:175-84. [HS]Google Scholar
Phillips, C. (1996) Order and structure. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, MIT. [RK]Google Scholar
Phillips, C. (2003) Linear order and constituency. Linguistic Inquiry 34:37-90. [aMJP]Google Scholar
Pickering, M. & Barry, G. (1991) Sentence processing without empty categories. Language and Cognitive Processes 6:229-59. [aMJP]Google Scholar
Pickering, M. & Barry, G. (1993) Dependency categorial grammar and coordination. Linguistics 31:855-902. [aMJP]Google Scholar
Pickering, M. J. & Branigan, H. P. (1998) The representation of verbs: Evidence from syntactic priming in language production. Journal of Memory and Language 39:633-51. [MK, arMJP, NOS]Google Scholar
Pickering, M. J. & Branigan, H. P. (1999) Syntactic priming in language production. Trends in Cognitive Sciences 3:136-41. [aMJP]Google Scholar
Pickering, M., Clifton, C. & Crocker, M. W. (2000) Architectures and mechanisms in sentence comprehension. In: Architectures and mechanisms for language processing, ed. Crocker, M. W. & Pickering, M.. Cambridge University Press. [JCC]Google Scholar
Pickering, M. J. & Garrod, S. (in press) Routinization in the interactive-alignment model of dialogue. In: Twenty-first century psycholinguistics: Four cornerstones, ed. Cutler, A.. Erlbaum. [rMJP]Google Scholar
Pinker, S. (1989) Learnability and cognition: The acquisition of argument structure. MIT Press/Bradford Books. [HPB]Google Scholar
Pinker, S. & Birdsong, D. (1979) Speakers’ sensitivity to rules of frozen word order. Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior 18:497-508. [aMJP]Google Scholar
Poesio, M. & Traum, D. R. (1997) Conversational actions and discourse situations. Computational Intelligence 13:309-47. [aMJP]Google Scholar
Pollard, C. & Sag, I. A. (1994) Head-driven phrase structure grammar. University of Chicago Press and CSLI. [aMJP]Google Scholar
Postma, A. (2000) Detection of errors during speech production: A review of speech monitoring models. Cognition 77:97-131. [aMJP]Google Scholar
Potter, M. C. & Lombardi, L. (1990) Regeneration in the short-term recall of sentences. Journal of Memory and Language 29:633-54. [aMJP]Google Scholar
Potter, M. C. & Lombardi, L. (1998) Syntactic priming in immediate recall of sentences. Journal of Memory and Language 38:265-82. [aMJP]Google Scholar
Prat-Sala, M. & Branigan, H. P. (2000) Discourse constraints on syntactic processing in language production: A cross-linguistic study in English and Spanish. Journal of Memory and Language 42:168-82. [aMJP]Google Scholar
Prince, E. F. (1990) Syntax and discourse: A look at resumptive pronouns. In: Proceedings of the Sixteenth Annual Meeting of the Berkeley Linguistics Society, ed. University of California at Berkeley Press, pp. 482-97. [FF]Google Scholar
Purver, M., Ginzburg, J. & Healey, P. (2002) On the means for clarification in dialogue. In: Advances in discourse and dialogue, ed. van Kuppevelt, J. & Smith, R.. Kluwer. Available at: http://www.dcs.kcl.ac.uk/pg/purver/ publications.html. [JG]Google Scholar
Purver, M., Healey, P. G. T., King, J., Ginzburg, J. & Mills, G. J. (2003) Answering clarification questions. In: Proceedings of the 4th SIGdial Workshop on Discourse and Dialogue. Sapporo. Available at: http://www.dcs.kcl.ac.uk/pg/ purver/publications.html. [JG]Google Scholar
Purver, M. & Otsuka, M. (2003) Incremental generation by incremental parsing: Tactical generation in Dynamic Syntax. In: Proceedings of 9th EACL (European Association for Computational Linguistics) Workshop in Natural Language Generation, Budapest, April 2003, ed. Reiter, E., Horecek, H. & van Deemter, K., pp. 79-86. Association for Computational Linguistics. [RK]Google Scholar
Rayner, K., Pacht, J. M. & Duffy, S. A. (1994) Effects of prior encounter and discourse bias on the processing of lexically ambiguous words. Journal of Memory and Language 33:527-44. [aMJP]Google Scholar
Reeves, B. & Nass, C. (1996) The media equation: How people treat computers, television, and new media like real people and places. Cambridge University Press. [aMJP]Google Scholar
Rizzolatti, G. & Arbib, M. A. (1998) Language within our grasp. Trends in Neurosciences 21:188-94. [aMJP]Google Scholar
Ross, J. R. (1969) Guess who? In: Papers from the Fifth Regional Meeting of the Chicago Linguistics Society, ed. Binnick, R. I., Davison, A., Green, G. M. & Morgan, J. L.. University of Chicago. [aMJP]Google Scholar
Russell, A. W. & Schober, M. F. (1999) How beliefs about a partner's goals affect referring in goal-discrepant conversations. Discourse Processes 27(1):1-33. [MFS]Google Scholar
Sacks, H. (1972a) An initial investigation of the usability of conversational data for doing sociology. In: Studies in social interaction, ed. Sudnow, D. N., pp. 31-74. Free Press. [EAS]Google Scholar
Sacks, H. (1972b) On the analyzability of stories by children. In: Directions in sociolinguistics: The ethnography of communication, ed. Gumperz, J. J. & Hymes, D., pp. 325-55. Holt, Rinehart and Winston. [EAS]Google Scholar
Sacks, H. (1975) Everyone has to lie. In: Sociocultural dimensions of language use, ed. Sanches, M. & Blount, B. G., pp. 57-80. Academic Press. [EAS]Google Scholar
Sacks, H. (1987) On the preferences for agreement and contiguity in sequences in conversation. In: Talk and social organization, ed. Button, G. & Lee, J. R. E.. Multilingual Matters. [aMJP]Google Scholar
Sacks, H. (1992) Lectures on conversation, ed. Jefferson, G., introduction by Schegloff, E. A. (2 vols.). Blackwell. [EAS]Google Scholar
Sacks, H. & Schegloff, E. A. (1979) Two preferences in the organization of reference to persons and their interaction. In: Everyday language: Studies in ethnomethodology, ed. Psathas, G., pp. 15-21. Irvington. [EAS]Google Scholar
Sacks, H., Schegloff, A. E. & Jefferson, G. (1974) A simplest systematics for the organization of turn-taking for conversation. Language 50:696-735. [DJB, aMJP, EAS]Google Scholar
Sancier, M. & Fowler, C. A. (1997) Gestural drift in a bilingual speaker of Brazilian Portuguese and English. Journal of Phonetics 25:421-36. [RMK]Google Scholar
Sanford, A. J. & Garrod, S. C. (1981) Understanding written language. Wiley. [aMJP]Google Scholar
Sanford, A. J. & Sturt, P. (2002) Depth of processing in language comprehension: Not noticing the evidence. Trends in Cognitive Sciences 6:382-86. [rMJP]Google Scholar
Schegloff, E. A. (1972) Notes on a conversational practice: Formulating place. In: Studies in social interaction, ed. Sudnow, D. N., pp. 75-119. Free Press. [EAS]Google Scholar
Schegloff, E. A. (1979) The relevance of repair for syntax-for-conversation. In: Syntax and semantics 12: Discourse and syntax, ed. Givon, T., pp. 261-88. Academic Press. [EAS]Google Scholar
Schegloff, E. A. (1986) The routine as achievement. Human Studies 9:111-51. [EAS]Google Scholar
Schegloff, E. A. (1987a) Recycled turn beginnings: A precise repair mechanism in conversation’s turn-taking organisation. In: Talk and social organisation, ed. Button, G. & Lee, J. R. E., pp. 70-85. Multilingual Matters. [EAS]Google Scholar
Schegloff, E. A. (1987b) Some sources of misunderstanding in talk-in-interaction. Linguistics 25:201-18. [EAS]Google Scholar
Schegloff, E. A. (1989) Reflections on language, development, and the interactional character of talk-in-interaction. In: Interaction in human development, ed. Bornstein, M. & Bruner, J. S., pp. 139-53. Erlbaum. [EAS]Google Scholar
Schegloff, E. A. (1990) On the organization of sequences as a source of “coherence” in talk-ininteraction. In: Conversational organization and its development, ed. Dorval, B., pp. 51-77. Ablex. [EAS]Google Scholar
Schegloff, E. A. (1991) Conversation analysis and socially shared cognition. In: Perspectives on socially shared cognition, ed. Resnick, L., Levine, J. & Teasley, S., pp. 151-71. American Psychological Association. [EAS]Google Scholar
Schegloff, E. A. (1992) Repair after next turn: The last structurally provided place for the defence of intersubjectivity in conversation. American Journal of Sociology 95(5):1295-345. [EAS]Google Scholar
Schegloff, E. A. (1995) Sequence organization. Unpublished manuscript, Department of Sociology, University of California at Los Angeles. [EAS]Google Scholar
Schegloff, E. A. (1996a) Turn organization: One intersection of grammar and interaction. In: Interaction and grammar, ed. Ochs, E., Schegloff, E. A. & Thompson, S. A., pp. 52-133. Cambridge University Press. [EAS]Google Scholar
Schegloff, E. A. (1996b) Some practices for referring to persons in talk-in-interaction: A partial sketch of a systematics. In: Studies in anaphora, ed. Fox, B. A., pp. 437-85. John Benjamins. [EAS]Google Scholar
Schegloff, E. A. (1997a) Practices and actions: Boundary cases of other-initiated repair. Discourse Processes 23:499-545. [EAS]Google Scholar
Schegloff, E. A. (1997b) Third turn repair. In: Towards a social science of language: Papers in honor of William Labov, vol. 2: Social interaction and discourse structures, ed. Guy, G. R., Feagin, C., Schiffrin, D. & Baugh, J., pp. 31-40. John Benjamins. [EAS]Google Scholar
Schegloff, E. A. (2000a) Overlapping talk and the organization of turn-taking for conversation. Language in Society 29(1):1-63. [EAS]Google Scholar
Schegloff, E. A. (2000b) When “others” initiate repair. Applied Linguistics 21(2):205-43. [EAS]Google Scholar
Schegloff, E. A. (2001) Accounts of conduct in interaction: Interruption, overlap and turn-taking. In: Handbook of sociological theory, ed. Turner, J. H., pp. 287-321. Plenum Press. [EAS]Google Scholar
(forthcoming) A primer in conversation analysis: Sequence organization. Cambridge University Press. [EAS]Google Scholar
Schegloff, E. A., Jefferson, G. & Sacks, H. (1977) The preference for selfcorrection in the organization of repair in conversation. Language 53(2):361-82. [EAS]Google Scholar
Schegloff, E. A. & Sacks, H. (1973) Opening up closings. Semiotica 8:289-327. [aMJP, EAS]Google Scholar
Schenkein, J. (1980) A taxonomy of repeating action sequences in natural conversation. In: Language production, vol. 1, ed. Butterworth, B., pp. 21-47. Academic Press. [aMJP]Google Scholar
Schiffer, S. R. (1972) Meaning. Oxford University Press. [aMJP]Google Scholar
Schiller, N. O. (2001) Metrical encoding during speech production. Abstracts of the Psychonomic Society 6:29. [NOS]Google Scholar
(in press) Verbal self-monitoring. In: Twenty-first century psycholinguistics: Four cornerstones, ed. Cutler, A.. Erlbaum. [NOS]Google Scholar
Schiller, N. O. & Caramazza, A. (2003) Grammatical feature selection in noun phrase production: Evidence from German and Dutch. Journal of Memory and Language 48:169-94. [rMJP, NOS]Google Scholar
Schiller, N. O., Jansma, B. M., Peters, J. & Levelt, W. J. M. (in press) Monitoring metrical stress in polysyllabic words. Language and Cognitive Processes. [NOS]Google Scholar
Schiller, N. O., Münte, T., Horemans, I. & Jansma, B. M. (2003) Semantic and phonological factors in syntactic decisions. Psychophysiology 40:869-77. [NOS]Google Scholar
Schmitt, B. M., Rodriguez-Fornells, A., Kutas, M. & Münte, T. F. (2001a) Electrophysiological estimates of semantic and syntactic information access during tacit picture naming and listening to words. Neuroscience Research 41:293-98. [NOS]Google Scholar
Schmitt, B. M., Schiltz, K., Zaake, W., Kutas, M. & Münte, T. F. (2001b) An electrophysiological analysis of the time course of conceptual and syntactic encoding during tacit picture naming. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 13:510-22. [NOS]Google Scholar
Schober, M. F. (1993) Spatial perspective-taking in conversation. Cognition 47:1-24. [aMJP]Google Scholar
Schober, M. F. (1995) Speakers, addressees, and frames of reference: Whose effort is minimized in conversations about location? Discourse Processes 20(2):219-47. [MFS]Google Scholar
Schober, M. F. (1998a) Different kinds of conversational perspective-taking. In: Social and cognitive psychological approaches to interpersonal communication, ed. Fussell, S. R. & Kreuz, R. J., pp. 145-74. Erlbaum. [MFS]Google Scholar
Schober, M. F. (1998b) How partners with high and low spatial ability choose perspectives in conversation. Abstracts of the 39th Annual Meeting of the Psychonomic Society, No. 39. [MFS]Google Scholar
Schober, M. F. & Brennan, S. E. (2003) Processes of interactive spoken discourse: The role of the partner. In: Handbook of discourse processes, ed. Graesser, A. C., Gernsbacher, M. A. & Goldman, S. R., pp. 123-64. Erlbaum. [SEB, aMJP, MFS]Google Scholar
Schober, M. F. & Clark, H. H. (1989) Understanding by addressees and overhearers. Cognitive Psychology 21:211-32. [DJB, aMJP]Google Scholar
Schober, M. F. & Conrad, F. G. (1997) Does conversational interviewing reduce survey measurement error? Public Opinion Quarterly 61:576-602. Reprinted in: Interviewing, vol. 1, ed. Fielding, N. G.. SAGE Benchmarks in Social Science Research Series, 2003. Sage Publications. [MFS]Google Scholar
Schober, M. F., Conrad, F. G. & Fricker, S. S. (2004) Misunderstanding standardized language in research interviews. Applied Cognitive Psychology 18:169-88. [MFS]Google Scholar
Schriefers, H., Meyer, A. S. & Levelt, W. J. M. (1990) Exploring the time course of lexical access in language production: Picture-word interference studies. Journal of Memory and Language 29:86-102. [aMJP]Google Scholar
Schuller, A. M. & Rossion, B. (2001) Spatial attention triggered by eye gaze increases and speeds up early visual acuity. NeuroReport 12:2381-86. [rMJP]Google Scholar
Searle, J. (1969) Speech acts. Cambridge University Press. [JG]Google Scholar
Sereno, S. C., Brewer, C. & O’Donnell, P. J. (2003) Context effects in word recognition: Evidence for early interactive processing. Psychological Science 14:328-33. [SG]Google Scholar
Sheldon, A. (1974) The role of parallel function in the acquisition of relative clauses in English. Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior 13:272-81. [aMJP]Google Scholar
Shiffrin, R. M. & Schneider, W. (1977) Controlled and automatic human information processing: II. Perceptual learning, automatic attending and a general theory. Psychological Review 84(2):127-90. [HS]Google Scholar
Shockley, K., Santana, M-V. & Fowler, C. A. (2003) Mutual interpersonal postural constraints are involved in cooperative conversation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance 29:326-32. [SDG]Google Scholar
Skinner, B. F. (1953) Science and human behavior. Macmillan. [JJP]Google Scholar
Skinner, B. F. (1957) Verbal behavior. Appleton-Century-Crofts. [JJP, rMJP]Google Scholar
Smith, M. & Wheeldon, L. (2001) Syntactic priming in spoken sentence production - an online study. Cognition 78:123-64. [aMJP]Google Scholar
Smyth, R. (1994) Grammatical determinants of ambiguous pronoun resolution. Journal of Psycholinguistic Research 23:197-229. [aMJP]Google Scholar
Sperber, D. & Wilson, D. (1986) Relevance. Blackwell. [ABM]Google Scholar
Stalnaker, R. C. (1978) Assertion. In: Syntax and semantics, vol. 9: Pragmatics, ed. Cole, P., pp. 315-32. Academic Press. [JG, aMJP]Google Scholar
Steedman, M. (2000) The syntactic process. MIT Press. [aMJP]Google Scholar
Suessbrick, A. L., Schober, M. F. & Conrad, F. G. (2000) Different respondents interpret ordinary questions quite differently. In: Proceedings of the American Statistical Association (Section on Survey Research Methods). American Statistical Association. [MFS]Google Scholar
Swinney, D. A. (1979) Lexical access during sentence comprehension. Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior 18:645-59. [aMJP]Google Scholar
Tanenhaus, M. K., Chambers, C. C. & Hanna, J. E. (2004) Referential domains in spoken language comprehension: Using eye movements to bridge the product and action traditions. In: The interface of language, vision, and action: Eye movements and the visual world, ed. Henderson, J. M. & Ferreira, F.. Psychology Press. [SB-S]Google Scholar
Tanenhaus, M. K., Spivey-Knowlton, M. J., Eberhard, K. M. & Sedivy, J. C. (1995) Integration of visual and linguistic information in spoken language comprehension. Science 268(5217):632-34. [aMJP, HS]Google Scholar
Tannen, D. (1989) Talking voices: Repetition, dialogue, and imagery in conversational discourse. Cambridge University Press. [aMJP]Google Scholar
Thakerar, J. N., Giles, H. & Chesire, J. (1982) Psychological and linguistic parameters of speech accommodation theory. In: Advances in the social psychology of language, ed. Fraser, C. & Scherer, K. R., pp. 205-255. Cambridge University Press. [HS]Google Scholar
Tomasello, M. (2000) Do young children have adult syntactic competence? Cognition 74:209-53. [HPB, aMJP]Google Scholar
Tomasello, M. (2003) Constructing a language: A usage-based theory of language acquisition. Harvard University Press. [PFD, rMJP]Google Scholar
Traxler, M. J. & Gernsbacher, M. A. (1992) Improving written communication through minimal feedback. Language and Cognitive Processes 7:1-22. [aMJP]Google Scholar
Traxler, M. J. & Gernsbacher, M. A. (1993) Improving written communication through perspective-taking. Language and Cognitive Processes 8:311-36. [aMJP]Google Scholar
Tucker, G. R., Lambert, W. E. & Rigault, A. A. (1977) The French speaker's skill with grammatical gender: An example of rule-governed behavior. Mouton. [NOS]Google Scholar
van Dijk, T. A. & Kintsch, W. (1983) Strategies in discourse comprehension. Academic Press. [aMJP]Google Scholar
van Gelder, T. & Port, R. F. (1995) It's about time: An overview of the dynamical approach to cognition. In: Mind as motion, ed. Port, R. F. & van Gelder, T., pp. 1-44. MIT Press. [SDG]Google Scholar
van Turennout, M., Hagoort, P. & Brown, C. M. (1998) Brain activity during speaking: From syntax to phonology in 40 milliseconds. Science 280:572-74. [aMJP, NOS]Google Scholar
Vigliocco, G., Antonini, T. & Garrett, M. F. (1997) Grammatical gender is on the tip of Italian tongues. Psychological Science 8:314-17. [arMJP]Google Scholar
Vitevitch, M. S. & Luce, P. A. (1999) Probabilistic phonotactics and neighborhood activation in spoken word recognition. Journal of Memory and Language 40:374-408. [SDG]Google Scholar
Wheeldon, L. & Levelt, W. J. M. (1995) Monitoring the time course of phonological encoding. Journal of Memory and Language 34:311-34. [aMJP, NOS]Google Scholar
Wheeldon, L. & Morgan, J. L. (2002) Phoneme monitoring in internal and external speech. Language and Cognitive Processes 17:503-35. [NOS]Google Scholar
Wheeldon, L. R. & Smith, M. C. (2003) Phrase structure priming: A short-lived effect. Language and Cognitive Processes 18:431-42. [rMJP]Google Scholar
Wilkes-Gibbs, D. & Clark, H. H. (1992) Coordinating beliefs in conversation. Journal of Memory and Language 31:183-94. [DJB, aMJP]Google Scholar
Williams, J. H. G., Whiten, A., Suddendorf, T. & Perrett, D. I. (2001) Imitation, mirror neurons, and autism. Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews 25:287-95. [aMJP]Google Scholar
Wisniewski, E. L. (1996) Construal and similarity in conceptual combination. Journal of Memory and Language 35:434-53. [aMJP]Google Scholar
Wray, A. & Perkins, M. R. (2001) The functions of formulaic language: An integrated model. Language and Communication 20:1-28. [aMJP]Google Scholar
Zwaan, R. A. & Radvansky, G. A. (1998) Situation models in language comprehension and memory. Psychological Bulletin 123:162-85. [aMJP]Google Scholar
Zwitserlood, P. (1994) Access to phonological-form representations in language comprehension and production. In: Perspectives on sentence processing, ed. Clifton, C., Frazier, L. & Rayner, K., pp. 83-106. Erlbaum. [JCC]Google Scholar