Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-q99xh Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-22T14:03:08.306Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Group-level traits are not units of selection

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  27 June 2014

Carlos Santana
Affiliation:
Institute for Research in Cognitive Science, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6228. [email protected] Department of Philosophy, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6304. [email protected]://www.phil.upenn.edu/~weisberg
Michael Weisberg
Affiliation:
Institute for Research in Cognitive Science, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6228. [email protected] Department of Philosophy, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6304. [email protected]://www.phil.upenn.edu/~weisberg

Abstract

We argue that Smaldino has not established that group-level traits constitute a unit of selection distinct from selection on individuals, as group-level traits are neither replicators nor interactors. Moreover, we argue that Wimsatt's analysis of emergence and aggregativity supports an understanding of group-level and other emergent traits as explanatorily reducible to the individual level.

Type
Open Peer Commentary
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2014 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Dawkins, R. (1982) Replicators and vehicles. Current Problems in Sociobiology 45:64.Google Scholar
Hull, D. L. (1981) Units of evolution: A metaphysical essay. In: The philosophy of evolution, ed. Jensen, R. & Harré, R., pp. 2344. Harvester.Google Scholar
Smaldino, P. E., Pickett, C. L., Sherman, J. W. & Schank, J. C. (2012) An agent-based model of social identity dynamics. Journal of Artificial Societies and Social Simulation 15(4):7.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Smaldino, P. E., Schank, J. C. & McElreath, R. (2013b) Increased costs of cooperation help cooperators in the long run. The American Naturalist 181(4):451–63.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Wimsatt, W. C. (1997) Aggregativity: Reductive heuristics for finding emergence. Philosophy of Science 64(4):S372–84.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wimsatt, W. C. (2000) Emergence as non-aggregativity and the biases of reductionisms. Foundations of Science 5(3):269–97.CrossRefGoogle Scholar