Article contents
Functional studies in bird song
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 04 February 2010
Abstract
An abstract is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. Please use the Get access link above for information on how to access this content.
- Type
- Open Peer Commentary
- Information
- Copyright
- Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1985
References
Andrew, R. J. (1962) Evolution of intelligence and vocal mimicking. Science 137:585–89. [taMCB, PRM]CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Asdourian, A. (1967) Object attachment and the critical period. Psychonomic Science 7:235–36. [taMCB]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Avery, M. & Oring, L. W. (1977) Song dialects in the bobolink (Dolichonyx oryzivorus). Condor 79:113–18. [taMCB]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Baker, M. C. (1974) Genetic structure of two populations of white-crowned sparrows with different song dialects. Condor 76:351–56. [tarMCB]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Baker, M. C. (1975) Song dialects and genetic differences in white-crowned sparrows (Zonotrichia leucophyrs). Evolution 29:226–11. [tarMCB, LFB, PFJ, RMZ]Google Scholar
Baker, M. C. (1981) Effective population size in a song bird: Some possible implications. lleredity 46:209–18. [taMCB)Google Scholar
Baker, M. C. (1983) The behavioral response of female Nuttall's white-crowned sparrows to male song of natal and alien dialects. Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology 12:309–15. [tarMCB, PFJ, DEK, REL]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Baker, M. C., Baker, A. E. M., Cunningham, M. A., Thompson, D. B. & Tomback, D. F. (1984) Reply to “Allozymes and song dialects: A reassessment.” Evolution 38:449–51. [tarMCB]Google Scholar
Baker, M. C., Bottjer, S. W. & Arnold, A. P. (1984) Sexual dimorphism and lack of seasonal changes in vocal control regions of the white-crowned sparrow brain. Brain Research 295:85–89. [taMCB]CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Baker, M. C. & Marler, P. (1980) Behavioral adaptations that constrain the gene pool in vertebrates. In: Evolution of social behavior: Hypotheses and empirical tests, ed. Markl, H., Verlag Chemie. [taMCB, WMS]Google Scholar
Baker, M. C. & Mewaldt, L. R. (1978) Song dialects as barriers to dispersal in white-crowned sparrows, Zonotrichia leucophrys nuttalli. Evolution 32:712–22. [tarMCB, PFJ, DEK, PKM, LP, RMZ]Google ScholarPubMed
Baker, M. C. (1981) Response to “Song dialects as barriers to dispersal: A re-evaluation.” Evolution 35:189–90. [taMCB]Google Scholar
Baker, M. C., Sherman, C. L., Theimer, T. C. & Bradley, D. C. (1982) Population biology of white-crowned sparrows: Residence time and local movements of juveniles. Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology 11:133–37. [taMCB]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Baker, M. C., Spitler-Nabors, K. J. & Bradley, D. C. (1981) Early experience determines song dialect responsiveness of female sparrows. Science 214:819–21. [taMCB, EAB, PKM]CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Baker, M. C. & Thompson, D. B. (1984) Song dialects of sparrows: Historical processes inferred from patterns of geographic variation. [taMCB]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Baker, M. C., Thompson, D. B. & Sherman, G. L. (1981) Neighbor/stranger song discrimination in white-crowned sparrows. Condor 83:265–67. [taMCB]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Baker, M. C., Thompson, D. B., Sherman, G. L. & Cunningham, M. A. (1981) The role of male vs. male interactions in maintaining population dialect structure. Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology 8:65–69. [tarMCB, EAB, PKM]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Baker, M. C., Thompson, D. B., Sherman, G. L., Cunningham, M. A. & Tomback, D. F. (1982) Allozyme frequencies in a linear series of song dialect populations. Evolution 36:1020–29. [taMCB, PFJ, RMZ]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Baker, M. C., Tomback, D. F., Thompson, D. B., Theimer, T. C. & Bradley, D. C. (in press) Behavioral consequences of song learning: Discrimination of song types by male white-crowned sparrows. Learning and Motivation. [tarMCB]Google Scholar
Baptista, L. F. (1972) Wild house finch sings white-crowned sparrow song. Zeitschrift für Tierpsychologie 30:266–70. [LFB]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Baptista, L. F. (1974) The effects of songs of wintering white-crowned sparrows on song development in sedentary populations of the species. Zeitschrift für Tierpsychologie 34:147–71. [LFB, LP]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Baptista, L. F. (1975) Song dialects and denies in sedentary populations of the white-crowned sparrow (Zontrichia leucophrys nuttalli). University of California Publications in Zoology 105:1–52. [taMCB, LFB, PJBS, MJW]Google Scholar
Baptista, L. F. (1977) Geographic variation in song and dialects of the Puget Sound white-crowned sparrow. Condor 79:356–70. [LFB, LP]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Baptista, L. F. (1983) Commentary: Bird song learning: Theme and variations. In: Perspectices in ornithology, ed. Brush, A. H. & Clark, G. A. JrCambridge University Press. [LFB]Google Scholar
Baptista, L. F. & King, J. R. (1980) Geographical variation in song and song dialects of montane white-crowned sparrows. Condor 82:267–84. [taMCB, LFB]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Baptista, L. F. & Morton, M. L. (1982) Song dialects and mate selection in montane white-crowned sparrows. Auk 99:537–47. [tarMCB, LFB, PKM, LP]Google Scholar
Baptista, L. F. & Petrinovich, L. (1984) Social interaction, sensitive phases and the song template hypothesis in the white-crowned sparrow. Animal Behaviour 32:172–81. [tarMCB, LFB, JKC, PFJ, LP, PJBS, MJW]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Baptista, L. F. & Wells, H. (1975) Additional evidence of song-mishnprinting in the white-crowned sparrow. Bird Banding 46:269–72. [LP]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Barrowelongh, G. F. (1980a) Gene flow, effective population sizes, and genetic variance components in birds. Evolution 34:789–98. [RMZ]Google Scholar
Barrowelongh, G. F. (1980b) Genetic and phenotypic differentiation in a wood warbler (Genus Dendroica) hybrid zone. Auk 97:655–68. [taMCB]Google Scholar
Barrowelongh, G. F. (1983) Biochemical studies of microevolutionary processes. In: Perspectives in ornithology, ed. Brush, A. H. & Clark, G. A. JrCambridge University Press. [RMZ]Google Scholar
Barrowelongh, G. F., Johnson, N. K. & Zink, R. M. (1984) On the nature of genic variation in birds. In: Current ornithology, vol. 2, ed. Johnston, R. F.. Plenum Press. [RMZ]Google Scholar
Barrowclongh, G. F. & Shields, G. F. (1985) Karyotypic evolution and long-term effective population sizes of birds. Auk 101:99–102. [RMZ]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bateson, P. P. G. (1978) Sexual imprinting and optimal outbreeding. Nature 273:659–60. [WMS]CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Bateson, P. P. G. (1979) How do sensitive periods arise and what are they for? Animal Behaviour 27:470–86. [taMCB]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bateson, P. P. G. (1980) Optimal outbreeding and the development of sexual preferences in Japanese quail. Zeitschrift für Tierpsychologie 53:231–44. [taMCB]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Becker, P. H. (1982) The coding of species-specific characteristics in bird sounds. In: Acoustic communication in birds, vol. 1, ed. Kroodsma, D. E. & Miller, E. H.. Academic Press. [taMCB]Google Scholar
Bertram, B. (1970) The vocal behaviour of the Indian Hill mynah, Gracula religiosa. Animal Behaviour Monograph 3:81–192. [taMCB]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Birdsell, J. B. (1950) Some implications of the genetical concept of race in terms of spatial analysis. Gold Spring Harbor Symposium in Quantitative Biology 15:259–310. [JHH]CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Birdsell, J. B. (1958) On population structure in generalized hunting and collecting populations. Evolution 12:189–205. [JHH]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bjerke, T. K. & Bjerke, T. H. (1981) Song dialects in the redwing Tardus iliacus. Ornis Scandinavica 12:40–50. [taMCB]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Blanchard, B. D. (1941) The white-crowned sparrows (Zonotrichia leucophrys) of the Pacific seaboard: Environment and annual cycle. University of California Publications in Zoology 46:1–178. [taMCB]Google Scholar
Blom, J. P. & Gumperz, J. (1972) Social meaning in linguistic structures: Code-switching in Norway. In: Directions in sociolinguistics. ed. Gumperz, J. & Hymes, D.. Holt, Rinehart & Winston. [RWF]Google Scholar
Bohner, J. (1983) Song learning in the zebra fineh (Taeniopygia guttata): Selectivity in the choice of a tutor and accuracy of song copies. Animal Behaviour 31:231–37. [taMCB]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bourhis, R., Giles, H. & Lambert, W. (1975) Social consequences of accommodating one's style of speech: A cross-national investigation. International Journal of the Sociology of Language 6:55–72. [JKC]Google Scholar
Brooks, R. J. & Falls, J. B. (1975) Individual recognition by song in white-throated sparrows. 1. Discrimination of songs of neighbors and strangers. Canadian Journal of Zoology 53:879–88. [rMCB]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Burghardt, G. M. (1977) Ontogeny of communication. In: How animals communicate, ed. Sebeok, T. E.. Indiana University Press. [MJW]Google Scholar
Bush, G. L., Case, S. M., Wilson, A. C. & Patton, J. L. (1977) Rapid speciation and chromosomal evolution in mammals. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 74:3942–46. [taMCB]CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Cavalli-Sforza, L. L. & Bodmer, W. F. (1971) The genetics of human populations. W. H. Freeman and Co. [taMCB]Google Scholar
Cavalli-Sforza, L. L. & Feldman, M. W. (1981) Cultural transmission and evolution: A quantitative approach. Princeton University Press. [tcMCB]Google ScholarPubMed
Chappuis, C. (1971) Un exemple de l'influence du milieu sur les émissions vocales des oiseaux: L'evolution des chants en forêt équatoriale. Terre-Vie 118:183–202. [FN]Google Scholar
Clarke, B. (1968) Balanced polymorphism and regional differentiation in land snails. In: Evolution and environment, ed. Drake, E. T.. Yale University Press. [taMCB]Google Scholar
Conrads, K. (1966) Der Egge-Dialekt des Buchfinken (Fringilla coelebs) Ein Beitrag zur geographischen Gesangsvariation. Vogelwelt 87:176–82. [taMCB]Google Scholar
Conrads, K. & Conrads, W. (1971) Regionaldialekte des Ortolans (Emberiza hortulana) in Deutschland. Vogelwelt 92:81–100. [taMCB]Google Scholar
Corbin, K. W. (1981) Genie heterozygosity in the white-crowned sparrow: A potential index to boundaries between subspecies. Auk 98:669–80. [rMCB, RMZ]Google Scholar
Cracraft, J. (1983) Species concepts and speciation analysis. In: Current ornithology, vol. 1, ed. Johnston, R. E.. Plenum Press. [REL]Google Scholar
Craig, J. L. & Jenkins, P. F. (1982) The evolution of complexity in broadcast song of passerines. Journal of Theoretical Biology 95:415–22. [PFJ, WMS]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cunningham, M. A. (1985) Vocal learning and song dialects in Nuttall's white-crowned sparrow. Ph.D. thesis, Colorado State University. [taMCB, LFB]Google Scholar
Cunningham, M. A.(submitted) Dispersal in white-crowned sparrows: A computer simulation of the effect of study area size on estimates of local recruitment. [r.MCB]Google Scholar
Cunningham, M. A. & Baker, M. C. (1983) Vocal learning in white-crowned sparrows: Sensitive phase and song dialects. Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology 13:259–69. [tarMCB, LFB, PFJ]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cunningham, M. A., Baker, M. C., & Boardman, T. J. (in preparation) Microgeographic song variation in of the Nuttall's white-crowned sparrow (Zonotrichia leucophyrs nuttalli). [rMCB]Google Scholar
Curtiss, S. (1977) Genie: A psycholinguistic study of a modern-day “wild child.” Academic Press. [ADG]Google Scholar
Dawkins, R. (1980) Good strategy or evolutionarily stable strategy? In: Sociobiology: Beyond nature nurture?, ed. Barlow, G. W. & Silverberg, J.. Westview Press. [rMCB]Google Scholar
Dawkins, R. & Krebs, J. R. (1978) Animal signals: Information or manipulation? In: Behavioural ecology, ed. Krebs, J. R. & Davis, N. B.. Sinauer. [REL]Google Scholar
DeVoogd, T. & Nottebohm, F. (1981) Gonadal hormones induce dendritic growth in the adult avian brain. Science 214:202–4. [taMCB]CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Dietrich, K. (1980) Vorbildwahl in der Gesangsentwicklung beim Japanischen Mövehen (Lonchura striata var. domestica, Estriklidac). Zcitschrift für Tierpsychologie 52:57–76. [taMCB]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Douglas-Cowie, E. (1978) Linguistic code-switching in a northern Irish village: Social interaction and social ambition. In: Sociolinguistic patterns in British English, ed. Trudgill, P.. Edward Arnold. [JKC]Google Scholar
Eales, L. A. (in press). Song learning in zebra finches: Some effects of song model availability on what is learnt and when. Animal Behaviour. [PJBS]Google Scholar
Emlen, S., Rising, J. D. & Thompson, W. L. (1975) A behavioral and morphological study of sympatry in the indigo and lazuli buntings of the Great Plains. Wilson Bulletin 87:145–79. [taMCB, LFB]Google Scholar
Endler, J. A. (1977) Geographic variation, speciation. and clines. Princeton University Press. [taMCB]Google ScholarPubMed
Falls, J. B. (1978) Bird song and territorial behavior. In: Aggression. dominance and individual spacing in the study of communication and affect, vol. 4, ed. Krames, L., Pliner, P. & Alloway, T.. Plenum Press. [taMCB]Google Scholar
Ficken, M. S. & Ficken, R. W. (1967) Singing behaviour of blue-winged and golden-winged warblers and their hybrids. Behaviour 28:149–81. [taMCB]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ficken, M. S. & Ficken, R. W. (1968a) Courtship of blue-winged warblers, golden-winged warblers, and their hybrids. Wilson Bulletin 80:161–72. [taMCB]Google Scholar
Ficken, M. S. & Ficken, R. W. (1968b) Reproductive isolating mechanisms in the blue-winged warbler-golden-winged warbler complex. Evolution 22:166–79. [taMCB]Google Scholar
Giles, H. & Powesland, P. F. (1975) Speech style and social evaluation. Academic Press. [JKC]Google Scholar
Giles, H. & Smith, P. (1979) Accommodation theory: Optimal levels of convergence. In: Language and social psychology, ed. Giles, H. & Clair, R. St.. Blackwell. [JKC]Google Scholar
Gill, F. B. & Murray, B. G. Jr (1972) Discrimination behavior and hybridization of the blue-winged and golden-winged warblers. Evolution 26:282–93. [taMCB]Google ScholarPubMed
Gottlieb, G. (1971) Development of species identification in birds. University of Chicago Press. [taMCB]Google Scholar
Gottlieb, G. (1974) On the acoustic basis of species identification in wood ducklings (Aix sponsa). Journal of Comparative and Physiological Psychology 87:387–99. [GG]Google ScholarPubMed
Gottlieb, G. (1978) Development of species identification in ducklings: 4. Change in species-specific perception caused by auditory deprivation. Journal of Comparative and Physiological Psychology 92:375–87. [GG]CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Gottlieb, G. (1981) Roles of early experience in species-specific perceptual development. In: Development of perception, vol. 1., ed. Aslin, R. N., Alberts, J. R. & Petersen, M. R.. Academic Press. [GG]Google Scholar
Gottlieb, G. (in press) On discovering significant acoustic dimensions of auditory stimulation for infants. In: Measurement of audition and vision in the first year of postnatal life: A methodological overview, ed. Gottlieb, G. & Krasnegor, N. A.. Ablex. [GG]Google Scholar
Green, S. (1975) Dialects in Japanese monkeys: Vocal learning and cultural transmission or locale-specific behavior? Zeitschrift für Tierpsychologie 38:304–14. [CTS]CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Greenwood, P. J. & Harvey, P. H. (1982) The natal and breeding dispersal of birds. Annual Review of Ecological Systems 13:1–21. [PJG]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Guiton, P. (1959) Socialisation and imprinting in brown leghorn chicks. Animal Behaviour 7:26–34. [taMCB]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hafner, D. J. & Petersen, K. E. (1985) Song dialects and gene flow in the white-crowned sparrow, Zonotrichia leucophyrs nuttalli. Evolution, in press. [taMCB, RMZ]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hamilton, W. D. (1964) The genetical theory of social behavior. Journal of Theoretical Biology 7:1–52. [taMCB]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Handford, P. & Nottebohm, F. (1976) Allozymic and morphological variation in population samples of rufous-collared sparrow, Zonotrichia capensis, in relation to vocal dialects. Evolution 30:802–17. [taMCB, FN]Google ScholarPubMed
Harris, M. A. & Lemmon, R. E. (1972) Songs of song sparrows (Melospiza melodia): Individual variation and dialects. Canadian Journal of Zoology 50:301–9. [taMCB]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Harris, M. A. (1974) Songs of song sparrows: Reactions of males to songs of different localities. Condor 76:33–44. [taMCB]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hartshorne, C. (1956) The monotony-threshold in singing birds. Auk 73:176–92. [rMCB]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Heath, J. (1978) Linguistic diffusion in Aruhem Land. Australian Institute of Aboriginal Studies. [JHH]Google Scholar
Heinemann, D. (1981) Song dialects, migration and population structure of Puget Sound white-crowned sparrows. Auk 98:512–21. [rMCB]Google Scholar
Hershkovitz, P. (1984) Taxonomy of squirrel monkeys genus Saimiri (Cebidae, platyrrhini): A preliminary report with description of a hitherto unnamed form. American Journal of Primatology 6:257–312. [CTS]CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hill, J. H. (1974) Possible continuity theories of language. Language 50:131–50. [JHH]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hill, J. H. (1978) Language contact systems and human adaptations. Journal of Anthropological Research 34:1–26. [rMCB, JHH]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hodun, A., Snowdon, C. T. & Soini, P. (1981) Subspecific variation in the long call of the tamarin. Saguinus fuscicollis. Zeitschrift für Tierpysychologie 57:97–110. [CTS]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Holldobler, B. & Miehener, C. D. (1980) Mechanisms of identification and discrimination in social hymenoptera. In: Evolution of social behavior: Hypotheses and empirical tests, ed. Markl, H.. Verlag Chemie. [taMCB]Google Scholar
Holmes, W. G. & Sherman, P. W. (1982) The ontogeny of kin recognition in two species of ground squirrels. American Zoologist 22:491–517. [taMCB]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hunter, M. L. Jr & Krebs, J. R. (1979) Geographical variation in the song of the great tit (Pants major) in relation to ecological factors. Journal of Animal Ecology 48:759–85. [taMCB]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hymes, D. H. (1966) Two types of linguistic relativity. In: Sociolinguistics, ed. Bright, W.. Mouton. [rMCB, JHH]Google Scholar
Hymes, D. H. (1968) Linguistic problems in defining the concept of tribe. In: Essays on the problem of tribe, ed. Helm, J.. American Ethnological Society/University of Washington Press. [JHH]Google Scholar
Immelmann, K. (1969) Song development in the zebra finch and other estrildid finches. In: Bird vocalizations, ed. Hinde, R. A.. Cambridge University Press. [tarMCB, PJBS]Google Scholar
Immelmann, K. (1975) Ecological signifìcance of imprinting and early learning. Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics 6:15–37. [taMCB]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jackson, J. E. (1974) Language identity of the Colombian Vaupcs Indians. In: Explorations in the ethnography of speaking, ed. Bauman, R. & Sherzen, J.. Cambridge University Press. [JHH]Google Scholar
Jackson, J. E. (1983) The fish people: Linguistic exogamy and Tukanoan identity in Northwest Amazonia. Cambridge University Press. [JHH]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jenkins, P. F. (1978) Cultural transmission of song patterns and dialect development in a free-living bird population. Animal Behaviour 26:50–78. [taMCB, RWF, PFJ]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jenkins, P. F. & Baker, A. J. (1984) Mechanisms of song differentiation in introduced populations of chaffìnches Fringilla coelebs in New Zealand. Ibis, in press. [PFJ]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Karlin, S. & Nevo, E., eds. (1976) Population genetics and ecology. Academic Press. [taMCB]Google Scholar
Kimura, M. & Ohta, T. (1971) Theoretical aspects of population genetics. Princeton University Press. [taMCB]Google ScholarPubMed
King, A. P. & West, M. J. (1983a) Dissecting cowbird song potency: Assessing a song's geographic identity and relative appeal. Zeitschrift für Tierpsychologie 63:37–50. [GG]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
King, A. P. (1983b) Epigenesis of cowbird song: A joint endeavor of males and females. Nature 305:704–6. [MJW]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
King, A. P., West, M. J. & Eastzer, D. H. (1980) Song structure and song development as potential contributors to reproductive isolation in cowbirds (Molothrus ater). Journal of Comparative and Physiological Psychology 94:1028–39. [GG]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
King, J. R. (1972) Variation in the song of the rufous-collard sparrow, Zonotrichia capensis, in northwestern Argentina. Zeitschrift für Tierpsychologie 30:344–73. [taMCB]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Konishi, M. (1965) The role of auditory feedback in the control of vocalizations in the white-crowned sparrow. Zeitschrift für Tierpsychologie 22:770–83. [taMCB]CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Krebs, J. R. (1977) The significance of song repertoires: The Beau Geste hypothesis. Animal Behaviour 25:475–78. [REL]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Krebs, J. R., Ashcroft, R. & van Orsdol, K. (1981) Song matching in the great tit Parus major L. Animal Behaviour 29:918–23. [LFB]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Krebs, J. R. & Kroodsma, D. E. (1980) Repertoires and geographical variation in bird song. Advances in the Study of Behavior 11:143–77. [taMCB, PKM, PMW]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kroodsma, D. E. (1974) Song learning, dialects, and dispersal in the Bewick's wren. Zeitschrift für Tierpsychologie 33:352–80. [taMCB, PFJ]Google Scholar
Kroodsma, D. E. (1978) Aspects of learning in the ontogeny of bird song: Where, from whom, when, how many, which, and how accurately? In: Ontogeny of behavior, ed. Burghardt, C. & Beckoff, M.. Garland Publishing. [taMCB]Google Scholar
Kroodsma, D. E. (1982a) Learning and the ontogeny of sound signals in birds. In: Acoustic communication in birds, vol. 2, ed. Kroodsma, D. E. & Miller, E. H.. Academic Press. [taMCB]Google Scholar
Kroodsma, D. E. (1982b) Song repertoires: Problems in their definition and use. In: Acoustic communication in birds, vol. 2, ed. Kroodsma, D. E., Miller, E. H. & Ouellet, H.. Academic Press. [REL]Google Scholar
Kroodsma, D. E. (1984) Songs of the alder flycatcher (Empidonax alnorum) and willow flycatcher (Empidonax traillii) are innate. Auk 101:13–24. [rMCB]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kroodsma, D. E., Baker, M. C., Baptista, L. F. & Petrinovich, L. (1984) Vocal “dialects” in Nuttall's white-crowned sparrow. Current Ornithology 2:103–33. [tar.MCB, LFB, DEK, LP]Google Scholar
Kroodsma, D. E. & Pickert, R. (1980) Environmentally dependent sensitive periods for avian vocal learning. Nature 288:477–79. [tarMCB]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kroodsma, D. E. (1984) Repertoire size, auditory templates, and selective vocal learning in songbirds. Animal Behaviour 32:395–99. [rMCB]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Labov, W. (1972b) Sociolinguistic patterns. University of Pennsylvania Press. [JKC, WMS]Google Scholar
Labov, W. (1980) The social origin of sound change. In: Language located in time. space, and society, ed. Labov, W.. Academic Press. [PCM]Google Scholar
Labov, W. (1982) Stratification of English in New York City. 3d printing, Center for Applied Linguistics. Behavioral Science Memo. [PCM]Google Scholar
Lande, R. (1980) Genetic variation and phenotypic evolution during allopatric speciation. American Naturalist 116:463–79. [taMCB]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lemon, R. E. (1966) Geographic variation in the song of cardinals. Canadian Journal of Zoology 44:413–28. [taMCB]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lemon, R. E. (1967) The response of cardinals to songs of different dialects. Animal Behaviour 15:538–45. [taMCB]CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Lemon, R. E. (1975) How birds develop song dialects. Condor 77:385–406. [taMCB]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Levine, R. A. & Campbell, D. T. (1972) Ethnocentrism: Theories of conflict. ethnic attitudes, and group behavior. Wiley. [WMS]Google Scholar
Lewontin, R. C. (1974) The genetic basis of evolutionary change. Columbia University Press. [tarMCB]Google Scholar
Livingstone, F. B. (1973) Did Australopitheeines sing? Current Anthropology 14:25–6. [JHH]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lumsden, C. J. & Wilson, E. O. (1981) Genes, mind, and culture. Harvard University Press. [taMCB]Google Scholar
McCracken, G. F. & Bradbury, J. W. (1977) Paternity and genetic heterogeneity in the polygynous bat, Phyllostomus hastatus. Science 198:303–6. [taMCB]CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
MacDonald, G. E. (1968) Imprinting: Drug-produced isolation and the sensitive period. Nature 217:1158–59. [taMCB]CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
McGregor, P. K. (1980) Song dialects in the corn bunting (Emberiza calandra). Zeitschrift für Tierpsychologie 54:285–97. [taMCB]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
McGregor, P. K. & Krebs, J. R. (1982) Song types in a population of great tits (Parus major): Their distribution, abundance and acquisition by individuals. Behaviour 79:126–52. [taMCB, PKM]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
McGregor, P. K. & Krebs, J. R. (1984) Song learning and deceptive mimicry. Animal Behaviour 32:280–97. [taMCB]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Marler, P. (1957) Specific distinctiveness in the communication signals of birds. Behaviour 2:13–19. [FN]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Marler, P. (1960) Bird song and mate selection. In: Animal sounds and communication, ed. Lanyon, W. E. & Tavolga, W. N.. American Institute of Biological Sciences. [taMCB]Google Scholar
Marler, P. (1970a) Birdsong and speech development: Could there be parallels? American Scientist 58:669–73. [taMCB]Google ScholarPubMed
Marler, P. (1970b) A comparative approach to vocal learning: Song development in white-crowned sparrows. Journal of Comparative and Physiological Psychology Monograph 71:1–25. [tarMCB, LFB, JHH, PFJ, LP, PJBS]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Marler, P. (1976a) An ethiological theory of the origin of vocal learning. In: Origin and evolution of language and speech, ed. Hamad, S., Steklis, H. & Lancaster, J.. New York Academy of Sciences Annals 280. [JHH]Google Scholar
Marler, P. (1976b) On animal aggression: The roles of strangeness and familiarity. American Psychologist 31:239–46. [taMCB]CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Marler, P. & Boatman, D. J. (1951) Observations on the birds of Pieo, Azores. Ibis 93:90–99. [FN]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Marler, P., Mundinger, P., Waser, M. S. & Lutjen, A. (1972) Effects of acoustical stimulation and deprivation on song development in red-winged blackbirds (Agelaius phoeniceus). Animal Behaviour 20:586–606. [EAB]CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Marler, P. & Peters, S. (1977) Selective vocal learning in a sparrow. Science 198:519–21. [taMCB]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Marler, P. & Pickert, R. (1984) Species-universal microstructure in the learned song of the swamp sparrow (Melospiza georgiana). Animal Behaviour 32:673–89. [rMCB]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Marler, P. & Sherman, V. (1983) Song structure without auditory feedback: Emendations of the auditory template hypothesis. Journal of Neuroscience 3:517–31. [taMCB]CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Marler, P. & Sherman, V. (in press) Innate differences in singing behaviour of sparrows reared in isolation from adult conspccifie song. Animal Behaviour. [rMCB]Google Scholar
Marler, P. & Tamura, M. (1962) Song “dialects” in three populations of white-crowned sparrows. Condor 64:368–77. [tarMCB, PFJ]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Marler, P. & Sherman, V. (1964) Culturally transmitted patterns of vocal behavior in sparrows. Science 146:1483–86. [tcMCB]CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Marten, K. & Marlcr, P. (1977) Sound transmission and its significance for animal vocalization. 1. Temperate habitats. Behavioral Ecology and Sociolnology 2:271–90. [FN]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Marten, K., Quinc, D. & Marler, P (1977) Sound transmission and its significance for animal vocalization. 2. Tropical forest habitats. Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology 2:291–302. [FN]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Maynard Smith, J. (1982) Evolution and the theory of flames. Cambridge University Press. [WMS]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mayr, E. (1963) Animal species and evolution. Harvard University Press. [taMCB]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mayr, E.(1972) Sexual selection and natural selection. In: Sexual selection and the descent of man. ed. Campbell, B.. Aldine Publishing Co. [rMCB]Google Scholar
Miller, D. B. & Gottlieb, G. (1976) Acoustic features of wood duck (Aix sponsa) maternal calls. Behaviour 57:260–80. [GG]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Miller, D. B. & Gottlieb, G. (1978) Maternal vocalizations of mallard ducks (Anas platyrhynchos) Animal Behaviour 26:1178–91. [GG]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Miller, W. R. (1970) Western Shoshone dialects. In: Languages and cultures of western North America, ed. Swanson, E.. Idaho State University Press. [JHH]Google Scholar
Miller, W. R.(1971) Dialect differentiation in the Western Desert language. Anthropological Forum 3:61–78. [JHH]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Milligan, M. M. (1966) Vocal responses of white-crowned sparrows to recorded songs of their own and another species. Animal Behaviour 14:356–61. [taMCB]CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Milligan, M. M. & Verncr, J. (1971) Inter-population song dialect discrimination in the white-crowned sparrow. Condor 73:208–13. [taMCB]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Moltz, H. & Stettner, L. J. (1961) The influence of patterned light deprivation on the critical period for imprinting, journal of Comparative and Physiological Psychology 54:279–83. [taMCB]CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Moran, P. A. (1962) The statistical processes of evolutionary theory. Clarendon Press. [rMCB]Google Scholar
Morton, E. S. (1975) Ecological sources of selection on avian sounds. American Naturalist 109:17–34. [FN]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mower, G. D., Christen, W. G. & Caplan, C. J. (1983) Very brief visual experience eliminates plasticity in the cat visual cortex. Science 221:178–80. [taMCB]CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Mundinger, P. C. (1970) Vocal imitation and individual recognition of finch calls. Science 168:480–82. [taMCB, JKC]CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Mundinger, P. C. (1975) Soug dialects and colonization in the house finch, Carpodacus mcxictinus, on the east coast. Condor 77:407–22. [taMCB]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mundinger, P. C. (1980) Animal cultures and a general theory of cultural evolution. Ethology and Sociohiology 1:183–223. [taMCB, PCM]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mundinger, P. C. (1982) Microgcographic and macrogeographic variation in the acquired vocalizations of birds. In: Acoustic communication in birds, vol. 2, ed. Kroodsma, D. E., Miller, E. H. & Ouellet, D.. Academic Press. [tarMCB, REL, PCM, PJBS]Google Scholar
Nagylaki, T. (1976) Clines with variable migration. Genetics 83:867–86. [taMCB]CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Nei, M. (1978) Estimation of average heterozygosity and genetic distance from a small number of individuals. Genetics 89:583–90. [RMZ]CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Nelson, K. & Hedgccock, D. (1980) Enzyme polymorphism and adaptive strategy in the decapod Crustacea. American Naturalist 116:238–80. [taMCB]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nevo, E. (1978) Genetic variation in natural populations: Patterns and theory. Theoretical Population Biology 13:121–77. [taMCB]CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Newman, J. D. & Synimes, D. (1982) Inheritance and experience in the acquisition of primate acoustic behavior. In: Primate communication, ed. Snowdon, C. T., Brown, C. H. & Petersen, M. R.. Cambridge University Press. [CTS]Google Scholar
Nicolai, J. (1959) Familientradition in der Gesangsentwicklung des Gimpels (Pyrrhula pyrrhula L.). Journal für Ornitlmlogic 100:39–46. [taMCB]Google Scholar
Nicolai, J. (1964) Der Brutparasitismus der Viduinae als ethologisches Problem. Zeitschrift für Tierpsychologie 21:129–204. [taMCB]Google Scholar
Nicolai, J. (1967) Rassen-und Artbildung in der Viduinengattung Hypochera. Journal für Ornithologie 108:309–19. [taMCB]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nottebohm, F. (1969a) The “critical period” for song learning. Ibis 111:386–87. [taMCB]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nottebohm, F. (1969b) The song of the chingolo, Zonotrichia capensis, in Argentina: Description and evaluation of a system of dialects. Condor 71:299–315. [ItarMCB]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nottebohm, F. (1970) Ontogeny of bird song. Science 167:950–56. [JKC, JHH]CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Nottebohm, F. (1972) The origins of vocal learning. American Naturalist 106:116–40. [taMCB]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nottebohm, F. (1975) Continental patterns of song variability in Zonotrichia capensis: Some possible ecological correlates. American Naturalist 109:605–24. [taMCB, FN, RMZ]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nottebohm, F. (1981) A brain for all seasons: Cyclical anatomical changes in song control nuclei of the canary brain. Science 214:1368–70. [taMCB]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nottebohm, F. & Arnold, A. P. (1976) Sexual dimorphism in vocal control areas of the songbird brain. Science 194:211–13. [taMCU]CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Nottebohm, F. & Selander, R. K. (1972) Vocal dialects and gene frequencies in the chingolo sparrow (Zonotrichia capensis). Condor 74:137–43. [taMCB]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Owen, R. (1965) The patrilocal band: A linguistically and culturally hybrid social unit. American Anthropologist 67:675–90. [JHH]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Parsons, J. & Baptista, L. F. (1980) Crown color and dominance in the whitecrowned sparrow. Auk 97:807–15. [LFB]Google Scholar
Patterson, T. L. & Petrinovicb, L. (1979) Field studies of habituation: 2. The effect of massed stimulus presentation. Journal of Comparative and Physiological Psychology 93:351–59. [LP]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Payne, R. B. (1973) Behavior, mimetic songs and song dialects, and relationships of the parasitic indigobirds (Vidua) of Africa. Ornithological Monograph 11. [taMCB]Google Scholar
Payne, R. B. (1976) Song mimiery and species relationships among the West African pale winged indigobirds. Auk 93:25–38. [taMCB]Google Scholar
Payne, R. B. (1978) Microgcographic variation in songs of splendid sunbirds Ncctarinia coccinigaster: Population phenetics, habitats, and song dialects. Behaviour 65:282–308. [taMCB]Google Scholar
Payne, R. B. (1981a) Population structure and social behavior: Models for testing the ecological significance of song dialects in birds. In: Natural selection and social behavior: Recent research and new theory, ed. Alexander, R. D. & Tinkle, D. W.. Chiron Press. [tarMCB, LFB, PKM, LP, WMS, RMZ]Google Scholar
Payne, R. B. (1981b) Song learning and social interaction in indigo buntings. Animal Behaviour 29:688–97. [taMCB, PF], REL. WMS]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Payne, R. B. (1982) Ecological consequences of song matching: Breeding success and intraspecific song mimicry in indigo buntings. Ecology 63:401–11. [taMCB, WMS]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Payne, R. B. (1983a) Bird songs, sexual selection, and female mating strategies. In: Social behavior of female vertebrates, ed. Wasser, S. K.. Academie Press. [rMCB]Google Scholar
Payne, R. B. (1983b) The social context of song mimicry: Song matching dialects in indigo buntings (Passcrina cyanea). Animal Behaviour 31:788–805. [PKM]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Payne, R. B., Thompson, W. L., Fiala, K. L. & Sweany, L. L. (1981) Local song traditions in indigo buntings: Cultural transmission of behavior patterns across generations. Behaviour 77:199–221. [taMCB]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Petrinovich, L. (1973) A species-meaningful analysis of habituation. In: Habituation: Behavioral processes, ed. Peeke, H. V. S. & Hera, M. J.. Academic Press. [LP]Google Scholar
Petrinovicb, L. & Baptista, L. F. (1984) Song dialects, mate selection, and breeding success in white-crowned sparrows. Animal Behaviour, in press. [LFB, REL]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Petrinovich, L. & Patterson, T. L. (1979) Field studies of habituation: I. The effects of reproductive condition, number of trials, and different delay intervals on the responses of the white-crowned sparrow. Journal of Comparative and Physiological Psychology 93:337–50. [LP]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Petrinovich, L. & Patterson, T. L. (1980) Field studies of habituation: 3. Playback contingent on the response of the white-crowned sparrow. Animal Behaviour 28:742–51. [LP]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Petrinovich, L. & Patterson, T. L. (1981a) Field studies of habituation: 4. Sensitization as a function of the distribution and novelty of song playback to white-crowned sparrows. Journal of Comparative and Physiological Psychology 95:805–12.[LP]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Petrinovich, L. & Patterson, T. L. (1981b) The responses of white-crowned sparrows to songs of different dialects and subspecies. Zcitsclirift für Tierpsychologie 57:1–14. [taMCB, EAB, PKM, LP]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Petrinovich, L. & Patterson, T. L. (1982a) Field studies of habituation: 5. Evidence for a two-factor, dual-process system. Journal of Comparative and Physiological Psychology 96:284–96. [LP]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Petrinovich, L. & Patterson, T. L. (1982b) The white-crowned sparrow: Stability, recruitment, and population structure in the Nuttall subspecies (1975–1980). Auk 99:1–14. [rMCB, LFB, LP]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Petrinovich, L. & Patterson, T. L. (1983) The white-crowned sparrow: Reproductive success (1975–1980). Auk 100:811–25. [LP]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Petrinovich, L., Patterson, T. L. & Baptista, L. F. (1981) Song dialects as barriers to dispersal: A re-evaluation. Evolution 35:180–88. [tarMCB, EAB, PKM, LP]Google ScholarPubMed
Petrinovich, L., Patterson, T. L. & Peeke, H. V. S. (1976) Reproductive condition and the response of white-crowned sparrows (Zonotrichia leucophrys nuttalli) to song. Science 191:206–7. [LP]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Poulsen, H. (1951) Inheritance and learning in the song of the chaffinch (Fringilla coelebs L.). Behaviour 3:216–27. [taMCB]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Powell, J. R. (1975) Protein variation in natural populations of animals. In: Evolutionary biology, vol. 8, ed. Dobzhansky, T., Heeht, M. K. & Steere, W. C.. Plenum Press. [taMCB]Google Scholar
Price, P. H. (1979) Developmental determinants of structure in zebra (inchsong. Journal of Comparative and Physiological Psychology 93:200–77. [taMCB. MJW]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rice, J. O. & Thompson, W. L. (1908) Song development in the indigo hunting. Animal Behaviour 10:402–09. [taMCB]Google Scholar
Rich, T. (1981) Microgeographie variation in the song of the sage sparrow. Condor 83:113–19. [tarMCB. CG]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rigshy, B. (1980) Land, language and people in the Princess Charlotte Bay area. In: Contemporary Cape York Peninsula, ed. Stevens, N. C. & Bailey, A.. Royal Society of Queensland. [JHH]Google Scholar
Rohwer, S. (1982) The evolution of reliable and unreliable badges of fighting ability. American Zoologist 22:531–40. [taMCB]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sankoff, G. (1970) Mutual intelligibility, bilingualisrn, and linguistic boundaries. In: International days of social ingutstics. Instituto Luigi Sturzo, Rome. [JHH]Google Scholar
Searcy, W. A. & Marler, P. (1981) A test for responsiveness to song structure and programming in female sparrows. Science 213:920–28. [taMCB]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sherman, P. W. (1981) Electrophoresis and avian genealogical analysis. Auk 98:419–22. [taMCB]Google Scholar
Shields, W. M. (1982) Philopatry, inbreeding, and the evolution of sex. State University of New York Press. [tarMCB, RMZ]Google Scholar
Shields, W. M. (1983) Optimal inbreeding and the evolution of philopatry. In: The ecology of animal movement, ed. Swingland, I. R. & Greenwood, P. J.. Clarendon Press. [WMS]Google Scholar
Short, L. L. Jr (1909) Taxonomic aspects of avian hybridization. Auk 80:84–105. [taMCB]Google Scholar
Sibley, C. G. (1950) Species formation in the red-eyed towhees of Mexico. University of California Publications in Zoology 50:109–94. University of California Press. [taMCB]Google Scholar
Sibley, C. G. (1954) Hybridization in the red-eyed towhees of Mexico. Evolution 8:252–90. [taMCB]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sibley, C. G. (1961) Hybridization and isolating mechanisms. In: Vertebrate speciation, ed. Blair, W. F.. University of Texas Press. [taMCB]Google Scholar
Sibley, C. G. & Short, L. L.. Jr. (1959) Hybridization in the buntings (Passerina) of the Great Plains. Auk 76:443–63. [taMCB]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sibley, C. G. & Sibley, F. C. (1964) Hybridization in the red-eyed towhees of Mexico: The populations of the southeastern plateau region. Auk 81:479–504. [taMCB]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sibley, C. G. & West, D. A. (1958) Hybridization in the red-eyed towhees of Mexico: The eastern plateau populations. Condor 60:85–104. [taMCB]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Slater, P. J. B. (1983) Bird song learning: Theme and variations. In: Perspectives in ornithology, ed. Brush, A. H. & Clark, G. A.. Cambridge University Press. [PJBS]Google Scholar
Slater, P. J. B., Clements, F. A. & Goodfellow, D. J. (1984) Local and regional variations in chaffinch song and the question of dialects. Behaviour 88:76–97. [PJBS]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Slater, P. J. B. & luce, S. A. (1979) Cultural evolution in chaffinch song. Behaviour 71:146–66. [taMCB]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Slater, P. J. B., Ince, S. A. & Colgan, P. W. (1980) Chaffinch song types: Their frequencies in the population and distribution between the repertoires of different individuals. Behaviour 71:146–66. [PJBS]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Slatkin, M. (1973) Gene flow and selection in a dine. Genetics 75:733–56. [taMCB]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Slatkin, M. (1976) The rate of spread of an advantageous allele in a subdivided population. In: Population genetics and ecology, ed. Karlin, S. & Nevo, E.. Academie Press. [taMCB]Google Scholar
Slut-kin, W. & Salzen, E. A. (1961) Imprinting and perceptual learning. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology 13:65–77. [taMCB]Google Scholar
Smith, F. V. & Nott, K. H. (1970) The “critical period” in relation to the strength of the stimulus. Zeitschrift für Tierpsychologic 27:108–15. [taMCB]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Smith, W. J. (1965) Message, meaning, and context in ethology. American Naturalist 99:405–9. [rMCB]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Smith, W. J. (1968) Message-meaning analysis. ln: Animal communication, ed. Sebeok, T. A.. Indiana University Press. [rMCB]Google Scholar
Smith, W. J. (1969) Messages of vertebrate communication. Science 165:145–50. [rMCB]CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Snowdon, C. T.Coe, C. L. & Hodun, A. (in preparation) Population-specific recognition of isolation peeps in the squirrel monkey (Saimiri). [CTS]Google Scholar
Sorenson, A. (1967) Multilingualism in the northwest Amazon. American Anthropologist 69:672–84. [JHH]Google Scholar
Sossinka, R. & Bohner, J. (1980) Song types in the zebra finch Poephila guttata castanotis. Zeitschrift für Tierpsychologic 53:123–32. [LFB]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Spielman, R. S., Migliazza, E. C. & Neel, J. V. (1974) Regional linguistics and genetic differences among Vanomama Indians. Science 184:637–44. [taMCB]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sullivan, G. A. (1976) Song of the finch Lagonostictu senegala: Interspecific mimicry by its brood-parasite Vidua chalyheata and the role of song in the host's social context. Animal Behaviour 24:880–88. [LFB]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sutton, P. & Rigshy, B. (1979) Linguistic communities and social networks on Cape York Peninsula. In: Australian linguistic studies, ed. Wurm, S. A.. Pacific Linguistics Series C, no. 54. [JHH]Google Scholar
Templcton, A. R. (1980a) Modes of speciation and inferences based on genetic distances. Evolution 34:719–29. [RMZ]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Templcton, A. R. (1980b) The theory of speciation via the founder principle. Genetics 94:1011–38. [taMCB]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Thieleke, G. (1965) Gesangsgeorgraphische Variation des Cartcuhaumlaufcr (Certhia brachydactyla) im Hinblick auf das Artbildnngsproblem. Zeitschrift für Tierpsychologic 22:542–66. [taMCB]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Thieleke, G. (1969) Geographic variation in bird vocalizations. In: Bird vocalizations, ed. Hinde, R. A.. Cambridge University Press. [taMCB]Google Scholar
Thieleke, G. (1970) Die sozialeu Funktionen der Vogelstiinmen. Vogclwarte 25:204–29. [taMCB]Google Scholar
Thorington, R. W Jr (in press) The taxonomy and distribution of squirrel monkeys (Saimiri). In: Handbook of squirrel monkey research, ed. Rosenblum, L. A. & Coe, C. L.. Plenum Press. [CTS]Google Scholar
Thorpe, W. H. (1954) The process of song-learning in (he chaffineh as studied by means of the sound spectrograph. Nature 173:465–69. [taMCB]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Thorpe, W. H. (1958a) Further studies on the process of song learuing; in the chaffiueh (Fringilla coclebs gengleri). Nature 182:554–57. [taMCB]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Thorpe, W. H. (1958b) The learning of song patterns by birds with especial reference to the song of the chaffinch Fringilla coclebs. Ibis 100:535–70. [taMCB, LFB]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Timberlake, W. (1983) The functional organization of appetitive behavior: Behavior systems and learning. Advances in Analysis of Behaviour 3:177–221. [rMCB]Google Scholar
Todt, D., Hultsch, H. & Hcike, D. (1979) Conditions affecting song acquisition in nightingales (Luscinia megarhynchos L.). Zeitschrift für Tierpsychologie 51:23–35. [taMCB, MJW]Google Scholar
Tomback, D. F. & Baker, M. G. (1984) Associative mating by white-crowned sparrows at song dialect boundaries. Animal Behaviour 32:465–69. [taMCB, LFB, PJG, PFJ]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tomback, D. F., Thompson, D. B. & Baker, M. C. (1983) Dialect discrimination by white-crowned sparrows: Reactions to near and distant dialeets. Auk 100:452–60. [tarMCB, EAB]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Trainer, J. M. (1983) Changes in song dialect distributions and microgeographic variation in song of white-crowned sparrows Zonotrichia leucophrys nuttalli). Auk 100:568–82. [tarMCB]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Treisinan, M. (1977) The evolutionary restriction of aggression within a species: A game theory analysis, journal of Mathematical Psychology 16:167–203. [taMCB]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Treisinan, M. (1978) Bird song dialects, repertoire size, and kin association. Animal Behaviour 26:814–17. [taMCB]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Treisinan, M. (1980) Some difficulties in testing explanations for the occurrence of bird song dialects. Animal Behaviour 28:311–12. [taMCB]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Trudgill, P. (1972) Sex, covert prestige and linguistic change in the urban British English of Norwich. Language and Society 1:179–95. [RWF]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Trudgill, P. (1981) Linguistic accommodation: Sociolinguistic observations on a soeiopsyehologieal theory. In: Papers from the parascssion on language and behavior, ed. Masek, C. S., Hendriek, R. A. & Miller, M. F.. Chicago Linguistic Society. [J K G]Google Scholar
Turner, M. E., Stephens, J. C. & Anderson, W. W. (1982) Homozygosity and patch structure in plant populations as a result of nearest-neighbor pollination. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 79:203–7. [PMW]CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
West, M. J. & King, A. P. (1980) Enriching eowbird song by social deprivation. Journal of Comparative and Physiological Psychology 94:263–70. [MJW]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
West, M. J., King, A. P. & Harroeks, T. H. (1983) Cultural transmission of eowbird song: Measuring its development and outcome. Journal of Comparative Psychology 97:327–37. [MJW]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wiens, J. A. (1982) Song pattern variation in the sage sparrow (Amphispiza belli): Dialects or epiphenomena? Auk 99:208–29. [taMCB, GG, PMW, RMZ]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wiley, R. H. & Richards, D. G. (1983) Adaptations for acoustic communication in birds: Sound transmission and signal detection. In: Acoustic communicatum in birtls. vol. 2, ed. Kroodsma, D. E. & Miller, E. H.. Academic Press. [FN]Google Scholar
Williams, G. C. (1966) Adaptation and natural selection. Princeton Uuiversity Press. [taMCB]Google Scholar
Winter, P. (1969) Dialects in squirrel monkeys: Vocalizations of the Roman Areh type. Folia Primatologia 10:216–29. [CTS]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wolff, H. (1959) Language intelligibility and interethnie attitudes. Anthropological Linguistics 1:34–41. [JHH]Google Scholar
Wolfram, W. & Fasold, R. W. (1974) The study of social dialects in American English. Prentice-Hall. [JKC]Google Scholar
Wright, S. (1932) The roles of mutation, inbreeding, crossbreeding and selection in evolution. Proceedings of the XI International Congress of Cenetics 1:356–66. [taMCB]Google Scholar
Wright, S. (1967) “Surfaces” of selective value. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 58: 165–72. [taMCB]CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Wright, S. (1978) Evolution and the genetics of populations, vol. 4: Variability within and among natural populations. University of Chicago Press. [tarMCB. RMZ]Google Scholar
Wyles, J. S., Kunkel, J. C. & Wilson, A. C. (1983) Birds, behavior, and anatomical evolution. Proceedings of the Sational Academy of Scie Sciences 8:4394–97. [taMCB]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Yasukawa, K., Blank, J. L. & Patterson, C. B. (1980) Song repertoires and sexual selection in the red-winged blackbird. Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology 7:233–38. [EAB]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Zink, R. M. & Barrowelough, G. F. (1984) Allozymes and song dialects: Areassessment. Evolution 38:444–48. [tarMCB, RMZ]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- 1
- Cited by