Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-dsjbd Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-23T11:10:56.273Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Deconstructing the process of change in cognitive behavioral therapy: An alternative approach focusing on the episodic retrieval mode

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  08 June 2015

Angelica Staniloiu
Affiliation:
Physiological Psychology, University of Bielefeld, 33739 Bielefeld, Germany. [email protected]://www.uni-bielefeld.de/psychologie/ae/AE14 Hanse Institute for Advanced Study, 27753 Delmenhorst, Germany
Ari E. Zaretsky
Affiliation:
Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M4N 3M5, Canada. [email protected]://www.psychiatry.utoronto.ca/people/dr-ari-zaretsky/

Abstract

Lane et al. view the process of memory reconsolidation as a main ingredient of psychotherapeutic change. They ascertain that in cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) high priority is given to the “semantic structure.” We argue that memory-related mechanisms of change in CBT are more nuanced than the target article presents. Furthermore, we propose to partially shift the focus from the process of reconsolidation to the retrieval operations.

Type
Open Peer Commentary
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2015 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Alston, L. L., Kratchmer, C., Jeznach, A., Bartlett, N. T., Davidson, P. S. & Fujiwara, E. (2013) Self- serving episodic memory biases: Findings in the repressive coping style. Frontiers in Behavioral Neurosciences 7:117. Available at: http://doi.org/10.3389/fnbeh.2013.00117.Google Scholar
Beck, A. T. (2008) The evolution of the cognitive model of depression and its neurobiological correlates. American Journal of Psychiatry 165(8):969–77.Google Scholar
Dorahy, M. & van der Hart, O. (2007) Relationship between trauma and dissociation. In: Traumatic dissociation. Neurobiology and treatment, ed. Vermetten, E., Dorahy, M. J. & Spiegel, D., pp. 330. American Psychiatric Association.Google Scholar
Eich, E., Nelson, A. L., Leghari, M. D. & Handy, T. C. (2009) Neural systems mediating field and observer memories. Neuropsychologia 47:2239–51.Google Scholar
Fujiwara, E., Brand, M., Kracht, L., Kessler, J., Diebel, A., Netz, J. & Markowitsch, H. J. (2008) Functional retrograde amnesia: A multiple case study. Cortex 44:2945.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Heeren, A., Van Broeck, N. & Philippot, P. (2009) The effects of mindfulness on executive processes and autobiographical memory specificity. Behaviour Research and Therapy 47:403409.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ingvar, D. H. (1985) “Memory of the future”: An essay on the temporal organization of conscious awareness. Human Neurobiology 4:127–36.Google Scholar
Kopelman, M. D., Wilson, B. A. & Baddeley, A. (1990) The autobiographical memory interview. Thames Valley Test Company.Google Scholar
Lemogne, C., Bergouignan, L., Piolino, P., Jouvent, R., Allilaire, J. F. & Fossati, P. (2009) Cognitive avoidance of intrusive memories and autobiographical memory: Specificity, autonoetic consciousness, and self-perspective. Memory 17:17.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Lemogne, C., Piolino, P., Friszer, S., Claret, A., Girault, N., Jouvent, R., Allilaire, J. F. & Fossati, P. (2006) Episodic autobiographical memory in depression: Specificity, autonoetic consciousness, and self perspective. Consciousness and Cognition 15:258–68.Google Scholar
Lepage, M., Ghaffar, O., Nyberg, L. & Tulving, E. (2000) Prefrontal cortex and episodic memory retrieval mode. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the USA 97(1):506–11.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Levine, B., Svoboda, E., Hay, J. F., Winocur, G. & Moscovitch, M. (2002) Aging and autobiographical memory: Dissociating episodic from semantic retrieval. Psychology and Aging 17:677–89.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Libby, L. K., Eibach, R. P. & Gilovich, T. (2005) Here's looking at me: The effect of memory perspective on assessments of personal change. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 88:5062.Google Scholar
Markowitsch, H. J. & Staniloiu, A. (2011a) Amygdala in action: Relaying biological and social significance to autobiographical memory. Neuropsychologia 49:718–33.Google Scholar
Markowitsch, H. J. & Staniloiu, A. (2011b) Memory, autonoetic consciousness, and the self. Consciousness and Cognition 20:1639.Google Scholar
Markowitsch, H. J. & Staniloiu, A. (2012) Amnesic disorders. Lancet 380(9851):1229–40.Google Scholar
Markowitsch, H. J. & Staniloiu, A. (2013) The impairment of recollection in functional amnesic states. Cortex 49(6):1494–510.Google Scholar
Markowitsch, H. J., Vandekerckhove, M. M. P., Lanfermann, H. & Russ, M. O. (2003) Engagement of lateral and medial prefrontal areas in the ecphory of sad and happy autobiographical memories. Cortex 39:643–65.Google Scholar
McBride, C., Segal, Z., Kennedy, S. & Gemar, M. (2007) Changes in autobiographical memory specificity following cognitive behavior therapy and pharmacotherapy for major depression. Psychopathology 40(3):147–52.Google Scholar
Parikh, S. V., Hawke, L. D., Zaretsky, A., Beaulieu, S., Patelis-Siotis, I., Macqueen, G., Young, L. T., Yatham, L., Velyvis, V., Belanger, C., Poirier, N., Enright, J. & Cervantes, C. (2013) Psychosocial interventions for bipolar disorder and coping style modification: Similar clinical outcomes, similar mechanisms? Canadian Journal of Psychiatry 58(8):482–86.Google Scholar
Parikh, S. V., Velyvis, V., Yatham, L., Beaulieu, S., Cervantes, P., Macqueen, G., Siotis, I., Streiner, D. & Zaretsky, A. (2007) Coping styles in prodromes of bipolar mania. Bipolar Disorders 9(6):589–95.Google Scholar
Piolino, P., Desgranges, B. & Eustache, F. (2009) Episodic autobiographical memories over the course of time: Cognitive, neuropsychological and neuroimaging findings. Neuropsychologia 47:2314–29.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Sharot, T., Riccardi, A. M., Raio, C. M. & Phelps, E. A. (2007) Neural mechanisms mediating optimism bias. Nature 450:102105.Google Scholar
Söderlund, H., Moscovitch, M., Kumar, N., Daskalakis, Z. J., Flint, A., Herrmann, N. & Levine, B. (2014) Autobiographical episodic memory in major depressive disorder. Journal of Abnormal Psychology 123:5160.Google Scholar
Staniloiu, A. & Markowitsch, H. J. (2012) Dissociation, memory, and trauma narrative. Journal of Literary Theory 6:103–30.Google Scholar
Staniloiu, A., Markowitsch, H. J. & Brand, M. (2010) Psychogenic amnesia – a malady of the constricted self. Consciousness and Cognition 19:778801.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Sutin, A. R. (2009) Visual perspective and genetics: A commentary on Lemogne and colleagues. Consciousness and Cognition 18:831–33.Google Scholar
Szpunar, K. K., Addis, D. R., McLelland, V. C. & Schacter, D. L. (2013) Memories of the future: New insights into the adaptive value of episodic memory. Frontiers in Behavioral Neurosciences 7:47. Available at: http://doi.org/10.3389/fnbeh.2013.00047.Google ScholarPubMed
Tulving, E. (2005) Episodic memory and autonoesis: Uniquely human? In: The missing link in cognition: Origins of self-selective consciousness, ed. Terrace, H. S. & Metcalfe, J., pp. 356. Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Tulving, E. & Markowitsch, H. J. (1998) Episodic and declarative memory: Role of the hippocampus. Hippocampus 8:198204.Google Scholar
Valentino, K., Toth, S. L. & Cicchetti, D. (2009) Autobiographical memory functioning among abused, neglected, and nonmaltreated children: The overgeneral memory effect. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry 50:1029–38.Google Scholar
Watkins, E., Teasdale, J. D. & Williams, R. M. (2000) Decentring and distraction reduce overgeneral autobiographical memory in depression. Psychological Medicine 30(4):911–20.Google Scholar
Williams, J. M. & Broadbent, K. (1986) Autobiographical memory in suicide attempters. Journal of Abnormal Psychology 95:144–49. Available at: http://doi.org/10.1037/0021-843X.95.2.144.Google Scholar
Williams, J. M., Ellis, N. C., Tyers, C., Healy, H., Rose, G. & MacLeod, A. K. (1996) The specificity of autobiographical memory and imageability of the future. Memory and Cognition 24(1):116–25.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Williams, J. M. & Scott, J. (1988) Autobiographical memory in depression. Psychological Medicine 18:689–95.Google Scholar
Williams, J. M., Teasdale, J. D., Segal, Z. V. & Soulsby, J. (2000) Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy reduces overgeneral autobiographical memory in formerly depressed patients. Journal of Abnormal Psychology 109(1):150–55.Google Scholar
Zaretsky, A, Rosenbluth, M. & Silver, D. (2005) Clinical strategies to efficiently treat major depressive disorder complicated by personality disorder. In: Personality dimensions, disorders and depression: Models and implications for treatment, ed. Bagby, M., Kennedy, S. & Rosenbluth, M., pp. 121–55. APA.Google Scholar
Zaretsky, A. E., Rizvi, S. & Parikh, S. V. (2007) How well do psychosocial interventions work in bipolar disorder? Canadian Journal of Psychiatry 52(1):1421.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed