¹ Later research has shown that there were an additional 20,000 Slovenes in Carinthia at that time.

² For an overall summary, see the works cited in Zwitter, Fran, Šidak, Jaroslav, and Bogdanov, Vaso, Les problèmes nationaux dans la monarchie des Habsbourg (Belgrade: Comité Nationale Yougoslave des Sciences Historiques, 1960), p. 7, n. 32Google Scholar; p. 10, ns. 2 and 3; p. 16, n. 6; p. 17, n. 7; p. 31, n. 1; p. 32, n. 2; p. 35, n. 5; p. 55, n. 40; p. 56, n. 41; and p. 66, n. 11; Grafenauer, Bogo, Zgodovina slovenskega naroda [History of the Slovene Nation], Vol. V (Ljubljana: Kmečka knjiga, 1962)Google Scholar (for the period from the middle of the eighteenth century until 1848); and Schmidt, Vlado, Zgodovina šolstva in pedagogike na Slovenskem [History of the Schools and Pedagogy in the Slovene Territory] (3 vols., Ljubljana: Državna založba Slovenije, 1963–1966)Google Scholar (for the period before 1870).

³ See especially my articles on “Prva koncepcija slovenske zgodovine” [The First Concept of Slovene History], Glasnik Muzejskega društva za Slovenijo, Vol. XX (1939), pp. 355–372Google Scholar; and “Anton Tomaž Linhart, in njegovo zgodovinsko delo”Google Scholar[Anton Tomaž Linhart and his Historical Work], Nasa sodobnost, Vol. V (1957), pp. 1–13.Google Scholar

⁴ For a more extensive discussion, see the reprint of my articles on “Les origines de l'illyrisme politique et la création des Provinces Illyriennes,” in Le Monde Slave, Vol. II (1933).Google Scholar

⁵ See Kann, Robert A., The Multinational Empire. Nationalism and National Reform in the Habsburg Monarchy, 1848–1918 (2 vols., New York: Columbia University Press, 1950), Vol. I, pp. 250–252 and 295–297.Google Scholar

⁶ Kollár, Ján, Über die literarische Wechselseitigkeit zwischen den verschiedenen Stämmen und Mundarten der slawischen Nation (Pest: Carl Trattner, 1837), pp. 8–9.Google Scholar

⁷ Kopitar first came to these conclusions in 1809. Kidrič, France, Zoisova korespondenca 1809–1810 [Zois' Correspondence, 1809–1810] (Ljubljana: Akademija znanosti in umetnosti, 1941), pp. 105 and 113.Google Scholar

⁸ Slodnjak, Anton, Prešernovo življenje [Prešeren's Life] (Ljubljana: Mladinska knjiga, 1964), pp. 256–264.Google Scholar

⁹ For the revolutionary and absolutist era, see the works cited in Zwitter, , šidak, , and Bogdanov, , Les problèmes nationaux dans la monarchie des Habsbourg, p. 66, n. 10Google Scholar; and Zwitter, Fran, “Slovenski politični prerod XIX. stoletja v okviru evropske nacionalne problematike”Google Scholar[The Political Awakening of the Slovenes in the Nineteenth Century in the Framework of European Nationalist Problems], Zgodovinski časopis, Vol. XVII (1904), pp. 75–153.Google Scholar See also Pleterski, Janko, Narodna in politična zavest na Koroškem. Narodna zavest in politična orientacija prebivalstva Slovenske Koroške v letih 1848–1914 [The National and Political Consciousness in Carinthia. National Consciousness and Political Orientation of the Population in Slovene Carinthia from 1848 to 1914] (Ljubljana: Slovenska matica, 1965).Google Scholar

¹⁰ For election results in the Slovenian areas, see Melik, Vasilij, Volitve na Slovenskem 1861–1918 [The Elections in the Slovene Territory, 1861–1918] (Ljubljana: Slovenska matica, 1965).Google Scholar For Carinthia especially, see also Pleterski, , Narodna in politična zavest na Koroškem.Google Scholar

¹¹ For the second half of the nineteenth century, in addition to the works already cited, see Zwitter, , Šidak, , and Bogdanov, , Les problèmes nationaux dans la monarchie des Habsbourg, p. 93, n. 7Google Scholar; p. 97, ns. 12 and 13; p. 105, n. 23; and p. 116, n. 2; Kermavner, Dušan, “Hegemonistična prekonstrukcija jugoslovanskega programa v Ljubljani leta 1870”Google Scholar [Misinterpretation of the Ljubljana Yugoslav Program of the Year 1870], Zgodovinski časopis, Vol. XVI (1962), pp. 81–144Google Scholar; Zwitter, Fran, “Nekaj problemov okrog jugoslovanskega kongresa v Ljubljani leta 1870”Google Scholar [Some Problems in Connection with the Yugoslav Congress of Ljubljana in 1870], ibid., pp. 145–170; Kermavner, Dušan, “O nekaterih krivih prijemih v političnem zgodovinopisju”Google Scholar [Some Erroneous Approaches in Political Historiography], ibid., Vol. XVII (1963), pp. 225–254; Zwitter, Fran, “Odgovor polemičnemu izkrivljanju”Google Scholar [A Reply to Polemical Distortions], ibid., Vol. XVIII (1964), pp. 243–250; Luković, Petko, Slovenci i ustanak u Hercegovini i Bosni 1875–1878 godine [The Slovenes and the Insurrection in Herzegovina and Bosnia, 1875–1878] (unpublished doctoral dissertation, University of Ljubljana, 1965)Google Scholar; Šuklje, Franjo, Iz mojih spominov [From My Memoirs] (3 vols., Ljubljana: Katoliško tiskovno društvo, 1926–1929)Google Scholar; and Hribar, Ivan, Moji spomini [My Memoirs] (3 vols., Ljubljana: Merkur, 1928–32).Google Scholar

¹² For Francis Ferdinand's program, see the works cited in Zwitter, , Šidak, , and Bogdanov, , Les problèmea nationaux dans la monarchie des Habsbourg, p. 141, n. 10.Google Scholar

¹³ The main sources for the socialist movement can be found in Zgodovinski arhiv Komunistične partije Jugoslavije [The Historical Archives of the Communist Party of Yugoslavia], Vol. V: Socialistično gibanje v Sloveniji 1869–1920 [The Socialist Movement in Slovenia, 1869–1920] (Belgrade: Zgodovinski oddelek Centralnega komiteja KPJ, 1951). See also Tuma, Henrik, Iz mojega življenja [From My Life] (Ljubljana: Naša založba, 1937)Google Scholar; and Prepeluh, Albin, Pripombe k naši prevratni dobi [Observations on our Revolutionary Era] (Ljubljana: Univerzitetna tiskarna J. Blasníka, 1938).Google Scholar Both memoirs were published with comments by Dušan Kermavner. For the situation in Carinthia, see Pleterski, , Narodna in politična zavest na Koroškem.Google Scholar

¹⁴ For the Slovenian nationalist movement on the eve of World War I, see Kolar, Ivan Janez, Preporodovci [The Members of the Renaissance Movement] (Kamnik: A. Slatnar, 1930)Google Scholar; Biber, Dušan, “Jugoslovanska ideja in slovensko narodno vprašanje v slovenski publicistiki med balkanskimi vojnami v letih 1912 do 1913”Google Scholar [The Yugoslav Idea and the Slovenian National Question in Slovenian Publications during the Balkan Wars, 1912–1913], Istorija XX veka, Zbornik radova, Vol. I (Belgrade: Institut društvenih nauka, 1959), pp. 285–326Google Scholar; and Turk, Ernest, “Značilnosti preporodovskega gibanja na Slovenskem v zadnjih dveh letih pred prvo svetovno vojno”Google Scholar [The Characteristics of the Renaissance Movement in the Slovene Territory during the last Two Years before the First World War], Razprave Slovenske akademije znanosti in umetnosti, razred za zgodovinske in družbene vede, Vol. VGoogle Scholar: Hauptmannov zbornik (Ljubljana: Slovenska akademija znanosti in umetnosti, 1966), pp. 389–418.Google Scholar It should be noted that up to now little research has been done on this subject.

¹⁵ For the problem of Austria and the Yugoslav problem among the Slovenes during the First World War, see Vošnjak, Bogumil, U borbi za ujedinjenu narodnu državu [Fighting for the United National State] (Ljubljana: Tiskovna zadruga, 1928)Google Scholar; Kranjec, Silvo, “Koroščevo predavanje o postanku Jugoslavije”Google Scholar [Anton Korošec's Lecture about the Formation of Yugoslavia], Zgodovinski časopis, Vol. XVI (1962), pp. 218–229Google Scholar; Kranjec, Silvo, Kako smo se zedinili [How We United] (Celje: Mohorjeva družba, 1928)Google Scholar; and Kranjec, Silvo, “Slovenci na poti v Jugoslavijo”Google Scholar [The Slovenes on the Way to Yugoslavia], Spominski zbornik Slovenije, 1939, pp. 32–65.Google Scholar For the volunteers, see Dobrovoljci kladivarji Jugoslavije 1912–1918 [The Volunteers as Makers of Yugoslavia] (Ljubljana: Sreske organizacije Saveza ratnih dobrovoljaca v Ljubljani in Mariboru, 1936). For the military actions in northern Slovenian regions at the time of the collapse of the Austro-Hungarian monarchy, see Ude, Lojze, “Boj za Maribor in štajersko Podravje leta 1918–19”Google Scholar [The Struggle for Maribor and the Territory along the Drava River in Styria in 1918–1919], Zgodovinski časopis, Vol. XV (1961), pp. 65–156.Google Scholar The most exhaustive study of the Yugoslav problem during the First World War is Paulová, Milada, Jugoslovenski odbor [The Yugoslav Committee] (Zagreb: Prosvjetna nakladna zadruga, 1925).Google Scholar Her account has been completed and corrected by many new publications. See especially vinski časopis, Vol. XIV (1960), pp. 280–305Google Scholar; and the recent studies the survey of publications before 1960 made by Lojze Ude in Zgodoby Dragovan Šepić and Bogdan Krizman, particularly Dragovan Šepič's “Misija Carla Gallija u Trstu [Carlo Galli's Mission in Trieste], Anali Jadranskog instituta, Vol. II (1958), pp. 53–80.Google Scholar