Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-gbm5v Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-23T16:57:17.493Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Supported Employment for Adults with High Functioning Autism and Asperger's Syndrome

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  23 February 2012

Ruth Anne Rehfeldt*
Affiliation:
Southern Illinois University, United States
Get access

Abstract

The prevalence of autism spectrum disorders is currently on the rise nationwide. Approximately one fifth of all individuals with autism and related disorders function within the normal range of intelligence, and may, in fact, possess superior intelligence in certain areas. Despite this, many individuals with high functioning autism and Asperger's syndrome are not competitively employed. The challenges that such individuals experience in securing and maintaining employment are often just as severe as those for individuals with more limited intellectual functioning. Characteristics of high functioning autism and Asperger's syndrome are described, and recommendations for how rehabilitation counsellors and other professionals can best support the employment pursuits of individuals with the disorders are provided.

Type
Research Article
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2003

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Anthes, G.H. (2000). The invisible workforce. Computerworld, 34, 16.Google Scholar
Capella, M., Roessler, R.T., & Hemmerla, K.M. (2002). Work-related skills awareness in highschool students with disabilities. Journal of Applied Rehabilitation Counseling, 33, 1723.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chadsey-Rusch, J., & Gonzalez, P. (1988). Social ecology of the workplace: Employer's perceptions versus direct observation. Research in Developmental Disabilities, 9, 229245.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Cohen, D.J. (1980). The pathology of the self in primary childhood autism and Gilles de la Tourette syndrome. Psychiatric Clinics of North America, 3, 383402.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Crisp, T. (1995). Contribution of rehabilitation counsellors in the rehabilitation of persons with acquired brain injury. The Australian Joumal of Rehabilitation Counseling, 1, 2331.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Davis, P.D., & Rehfeldt, R.A. (2003) Functional skills. Manuscript submitted for publication.Google Scholar
Dewey, M. (1991). Living with Asperger's's syndrome. In Frith, U. (Ed.), Autism and Asperger's Syndrome (pp. 184206). Cambridge, Great Britian, Cambridge Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ehlers, S., & Gillberg, C.. (1993). The epidemiology of Asperger's Syndrome: A total population study. The Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry and Allied Disciplines, 34, 13271350.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Datlow Smith, M., Belcher, R.G., & Juhrs, P.D. (2000). A Guide to Successful Employment for Individuals with Autism. Paul H. Brookes Publishing Co: Baltimore.Google Scholar
Garcia-Villamisar, D., Ross, D., & Wehman, P. (2000). Clinical differential analysis of persons with autism in a work setting: A follow-up study. Journal of Vocational Rehabilitation, 14, 183185.Google Scholar
Gerhardt, P.F., & Holmes, D.L. (1997). Employment: Options and issues for adolescents and adults with autism. In Cohen, D.J. & Volkmar, F.R. (Eds.), Handbook of autism and pervasive developmental disorders (pp. 650664). New York: Wiley & Sons Inc.Google Scholar
Gillberg, I.C., & Gillberg, C. (1989). Asperger's syndrome: Some epidemiological considerations: A research note. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 30, 631638.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Goode, S., Rutter, M., & Howlin, P. (1994). A twenty year follow-up of children with autism. Paper presented at the 13th biennial meeting of the International Society for the Study of Behavioural Development, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.Google Scholar
Hagner, D., & DiLeo, D. (1993). Working together: Workplace culture, supported employment, and persons with disabilities. Cambridge, MA: Brookline Books.Google Scholar
Howlin, P. (2000). Outcome in adult life for more able individuals with autism or Asperger's syndrome. Autism, 4, 6383.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Howlin, P., & Goode, S. (1998). Outcome in adult life for people with autism and Asperger's syndrome. In Volkmar, F. (Ed.), Autism and pervasive developmental disorders (pp. 209241). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Inge, K., Wehman, P., Clees, T.J., & Dymond, S. (1996). Transition from school to adulthood. In McLaughlin, P.J. & Wehman, P. (Eds.), Mental Retardation and developmental disabilities (pp. 6984). Autsin, TX: Pro-Ed.Google Scholar
Keel, J.H., Mesibov, G.B., & Woods, A.V. (1997). TEACCH-Supported Employment Program. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 27, 39.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Klin, A., Volkmar, F.R., & Sparrow, S. (1992). Autistic social dysfunction: Some limitations of the Theory of Mind hypothesis. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 33, 861876.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Koegel, L.K., Koegel, R.L., & Dunlap, G. (1999). Positive behavioral support: Including people with difficult Behavior in the community. Baltimore: Brookes.Google Scholar
Kregel, J., Wehman, P., & Banks, P.D. (1989). The effects of consumer characteristics and type of employment model on individual outcomes in supported employment. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 22, 407415.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Lord, C., & Rutter, M. (1994). Autism and pervasive developmental disorders. In Rutter, M., Taylor, E., & Hersov, L. (Eds.), Child and adolescent psychiatry: Approaches (3rd ed; pp. 569593). Oxford: Blackwell.Google Scholar
Maurice, O., Green, G., & Luce, S. (1996). Behavioral intervention for young children with Autism: A manual for parents and professionals. Austin, TX: Pro-Ed.Google Scholar
Mawhood, L., & Howlin, P. (1999). The outcome of a supported employment scheme for high-functioning adults with autism or Asperger's syndrome. Autism, 3, 229254.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
McCarthy, P.Fender, K., & Fender, D. (1988). Supported employment for persons with autism. In Wehman, P. & Moon, S. (Eds.), Vocational rehabilitation and supported employment (pp. 269290). Baltimore: Brookes.Google Scholar
Mesibov, G.B. (1992). Treatment issues with high-functioning adolescents and adults with autism. In Schopler, E. & Mesibov, G.B. (Eds.), High-functioning individuals with autism (pp. 143155). New York: Plenum Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Minskoff, E. (1980). Teaching approach for developing nonverbal communication skills in students with social perception deficits: I. The basic approach and body language cues. Journal of Learning Disabilities, 13, 915.Google Scholar
Minskoff, E. (1980). Teaching approach for developing nonverbal communication skills in students with social perception deficits: II. Proxemic, vocalic, and artifactual cues. Journal of Learning Disabilities, 13, 3439.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Moon, S.J., & Griffin, S.L. (1988). Supported employment service delivery models. In Wehman, P. & Moon, S. (Eds.), Vocational rehabilitation and supported employment (pp. 1729). Baltimore: Brookes.Google Scholar
Olney, M.F. (2000). Working with autism and other social-communication disorders. Journal of Rehabilitation, 66, 5156.Google Scholar
Ozonoff, S., Rogers, S.J., & Pennington, B.F. (1991). Asperger's syndrome: Evidence of an empirical distinction from high-functioning autism. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 32, 11071122.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Patterson, A., & Rafferty, A. (2001). Making it to work: Towards employment for the young adult with autism. International Journal of Language and Communication Disorders, 36, 475480.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Remenyi, A. (1995). Older workers and rehabilitation counselling. The Australian Journal of Rehabilitation Counseling, 1, 4660.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rybak, A.M. (1998). Vocational assessment for individuals with schizophrenia: An alternative approach. Australian Journal of Rehabilitation Counseling, 4, 4858.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tantam, D. (1991). Asperger's syndrome in adulthood. In Frith, U. (Ed.), Autism and Asperger's syndrome (pp. 147183). Cambridge: University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
van Bourgondien, M.E., & Woods, A. V. (1992). Vocational possibilities for high-functioning adults with autism. In Schopler, E. & Mesibov, G.B. (Eds.), High-functioning individuals with autism (pp. 227239). New York: Plenum Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wehman, P. (1988). Supported employment: Toward equal employment opportunity for persons with severe disabilities. Mental Retardation, 26, 357361.Google ScholarPubMed
Wehman, P., & Moon, S. (1988). Vocational rehabilitation and supported employment. Baltimore: Brookes.Google ScholarPubMed
Wing, L. (1992). Manifestations of social problems in high-functioning autistic people. In Schopler, E. & Mesibov, G.B. (Eds.), High-functioning individuals with autism (pp. 129142). Plenum Press, New York.CrossRefGoogle Scholar