Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-ndw9j Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-05T04:25:24.695Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Big Worry: Implications of Anxiety in Indigenous Youth

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  22 July 2015

Jenny Adermann
Affiliation:
School of Learning and Professional Studies, Queensland University of Technology, Victoria Park Road, Kelvin Grove, Queensland, 4059, Australia
Marilyn Campbell
Affiliation:
School of Learning and Professional Studies, Queensland University of Technology, Victoria Park Road, Kelvin Grove, Queensland, 4059, Australia
Get access

Abstract

Excessive anxiety and worry can prevent young people from participating fully in school and life opportunities. Anxiety can involve fear of being apart from significant people or being left alone; avoidance of certain situations or activities for fear of embarrassment; worrying about normal life issues; repetitive thoughts and behaviours used as protection against something bad happening; or panic attacks and fears of recurring attacks and their effects. It has been shown that unusual behaviours such as obsessional activities, the need for reassurance, low self-esteem, poor concentration, fatigue, headaches, stomach aches and other reactions from excessive anxiety can hinder a child's academic success at school and affect their social relationships. Furthermore, anxiety is linked to depression that, in some cases, leads to suicide. This is significant for Indigenous youth as suicide rates in this group are significantly higher than the Australian national average.

Not only are there difficulties in the ethical and practical aspects of conducting research with Indigenous youth, mere are also difficulties in assessing mental heakh and anxiety, in particular, with mis group. Nevertheless, it is important to gain a sense of Indigenous understanding about what is constructed as mental health, “wellness” and excessive anxiety and how we come to a shared understanding of these concepts so that meaningful research into areas such as anxiety can be conducted.

Type
Research Article
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2007

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

American Psychiatric Association (APA). (1994). Diagnostic criteria from the DSM-IV. (Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association.Google Scholar
Brunshaw, J., & Szatmari, P. (1988). The agreement between behavior checklists and structured psychiatric interviews for children. Canadian Journal of Psychiatry, 33, 474481.Google Scholar
Campbell, M. (2004). Teaching tips for the prevention of anxiety in children. (Brisbane, QLD: QSS.Google Scholar
Campbell, M., & Rapee, R. (1966). Current issues in the assessment of anxiety in children and adolescents: A developmental perspective. Behaviour Change, 13, 185193.Google Scholar
Costello, E.J., & Angold, A. (1995). Epidemiology. In March, J.S. (Ed.), Anxiety disorders in children and adolescents (pp. 109124). New York, NY: Guilford Press.Google Scholar
Dadds, M., Rapee, R., & Barrett, P. (1994). Behavioural observation. In Ollendick, T.H., King, N.J., & Yule, W. (Eds.), International handbook of phobic and anxiety disorders in children and adolescents (pp. 349364). New York, NY: Plenum Press.Google Scholar
Drew, N. (2000). Psychological testing with Indigenous people in Australia. In Dudgeon, P., Gravey, D., & Pickett, H. (Eds.), Working with Indigenous Australians: A Handbook for Psychologists (pp. 325333). Perth, WA: Gunada Press.Google Scholar
Dudgeon, P. (2000). Diversity in Aboriginal culture. In Dudgeon, P., Gravey, D., & Pickett, H. (Eds.), Working with Indigenous Australians: A handbook for psychologists (pp. 137142). Perth, WA: Gunada Press.Google Scholar
Dudgeon, P., Gravey, D., & Pickett, H. (2000). A cultural history. In Dudgeon, P., Gravey, D., & Pickett, H. (Eds.), Working with Indigenous Australians: A handbook for psychologists (pp. 2730). Perth, WA: Gunada Press.Google Scholar
Flannery-Schroeder, E., Suveg, C., Safford, C., Kendall, P., & Wenn, A. (2004). Comorbid externalizing disorders and child anxiety treatment outcomes. Behaviour Change, 21, 1426.Google Scholar
Garvey, G., Towney, P., McPhee, J., Little, M., & Kerridge, I. (2004). Is there an Aboriginal bioethic?. Journal of Medical Ethics, 30, 570575.Google Scholar
Goodman, R. (1997). The Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire: A research note. Joumal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 38, 581586.Google Scholar
Goodman, R., Meltzer, H., & Bailey, V. (1998). The Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire: A pilot study on the validity of the self-report version. European Child and Adolescent Psychology, 7, 125130.Google Scholar
Gulash, A., Saunders, J., & White, P. (1999). “Tell the story” Barriers to effective communication in mental health assessments for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples: The development of culturally appropriate assessments for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander mental health consumers. Wacol, QLD: Queensland Centre for Schizophrenia Research. Retrieved 12 January, 2005, from http://www.qcmhr.uq.edu.au/atsi/.Google Scholar
Hawes, D.J., & Dadds, M.R. (2004). Australian data and psychometric properties of the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire. Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry, 38, 644651.Google Scholar
Hoehn-Saric, E., Maisami, M., & Wiegard, D. (1987). Measurement of anxiety in children and adolescents using semi-structured interviews. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescence, 26, 541545.Google Scholar
Human Rights and Equal Opportunity Commission. (1997). Bringing them home: Report of the national inquiry into the separation of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander children from their families. Sydney NSW: Human Rights and Equal Opportunity Commission.Google Scholar
Human Rights and Equal Opportunity Commission. (2006). A statistical overview of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples in Australia Retrieved 31 May, 2007, from http://www.hreoc.gov.au/social_Justice/statistics/.Google Scholar
King, M., & Yuille, J. (1987). Suggestibility and the child witness. In Cesi, S., & Ross, M. (Eds.), Children’s eyewitness memory (pp. 2435). New York, NY: Springer-Verlag.Google Scholar
Manassis, K., Avery, D., Butalia, S., & Mendlowitz, S. (2004). Cognitivebehavioral therapy with childhood anxiety disorders: Functioning in adolescence. Depression and Anxiety, 19, 209216.Google Scholar
Manassis, K., & Menna, R. (1999). Depression in anxious children: Possible factors in comorbidity. Depression and Anxiety, 10, 1824.Google Scholar
Martin, K. (2003). Ways of knowing, being and doing: A theoretical framework and methods for Indigenous research. Journal of Australian Studies, 76, 203214.Google Scholar
Mission Australia. (2005). National youth survey: Key and emerging issues. Sydney NSW: Mission Australia.Google Scholar
Payne, R. (1996). A framework for understanding poverty. Highlands, TX: aha! Process.Google Scholar
Pederson, A., & Walker, I. (2000). Urban Aboriginal-Australian and Anglo-Australian children: Self concept and teacher’s academic evaluations. Journal of Community and Applied Social Psychology, 10, 183197.Google Scholar
Robinson, E.H., Rotter, J.C., Fey, M.A., & Vogel, K.R. (1992). Helping children cope with fears and stress. Ann Arbor, MI: University of Michigan.Google Scholar
Saggers, S., & Gray, D. (1991). Aboriginal health and society: The traditional and contemporary Aboriginal struggle for better health. St Leonards, NSW: Allen & Unwin.Google Scholar
Safren, S., Gonzalez, R., Horner, K., Leung, A., Heimburg, R., & Juster, H. (2000). Anxiety in ethnic minority youth: Methodological and conceptual issues and review of literature. Behaviour Modification, 24, 147183.Google Scholar
Siegal, M. (1991). Knowing children: Experiments in conversations and cognition. London: Lawrence Arlbaum.Google Scholar
Silburn, S. (2005, October). Overview of the Western Australian Aboriginal Child Health Survey and the use of the SDQ as a measure of mental health outcomes for children 417 years. Paper presented to Improving Consumer Outcomes and Development Seminar, Perth, Western Australia.Google Scholar
Tatz, C. (2001). Aboriginal suicide is different. Canberra, ACT: Aboriginal Studies Press.Google Scholar
Trewin, D., & Madden, R. (2005). The health and welfare of Australia’s Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples. Canberra, ACT: Australian Bureau of Statistics.Google Scholar
Vasey, M.W., & Ollendick, T.H. (2000). Anxiety. In Sameroff, A.J., Lewis, M., & Miller, S.M. (Eds.), Handbook of developmental psychopathology (2nd ed., pp. 511524). New York, NY: Kluwer Academic.Google Scholar
Vicary, D. (2000). A model of intervention. In Dudgeon, P., Garvey, D., & Pickett, H. (Eds.), Working with Indigenous Australians: A handbook for psychologists (pp. 425430). Perth, WA: Gunada Press.Google Scholar
Vicary, D., & Bishop, B. (2005). Western psychotherapeutic practice: Engaging Aboriginal people in culturally appropriate and respectful ways. Australian Psychologist, 40(1), 819.Google Scholar
Westerman, T. (2002). Measurement of mental health problems in Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander populations [Powerpoint]. Retrieved 6 January, 2OO6, from .Google Scholar
westerman, T. (2004). Engagement of Indigenous clients in mental health services: What role do cultural differences play? Australian e-Journal for the Advancement of Mental Health, 3(3), 17.Google Scholar
Westerman, T., & Vicary, D. (2000). Aboriginal youth suicide. In Dudgeon, P., Garvey, D., & Pickett, H. (Eds.), Working with Indigenous Australians: A handbook for psychologists (pp. 471479). Perth, WA: Gunada Press.Google Scholar
Wicks-Nelson, R., & Israel, A. (1997). Behaviour disorders of childhood. (3rd ed.). London: Prentice-Hall.Google Scholar
World Health Organisation (1999). Strengthening mental health promotion (Mental Health Fact Sheet No. 220). Geneva: World Health Organisation.Google Scholar
World Health Organisation (2002). World report on violence and health: Summary. Geneva: World Health Organisation.Google Scholar
Woodward, L.J., & Ferguson, D.M. (2001). Life course outcomes of young people with anxiety disorders in adolescence Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 40, 10861093.Google Scholar
Zubrick, S., & Silburn, S. (2006, November). The Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ). Paper presented at the AIHW Social and Emotional Wellbeing Workshop, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory.Google Scholar
Zubrick, S., Silburn, S., Lawrence, D., Mitrou, F., Dalby, R., Blair, E., Griffin, J., Milroy, H., de Maio, J., Cox, A., & Li, J. (2005). The Western Australian Aboriginal child health survey: The social and emotional wellbeing of Aboriginal children and young people. Perth, WA: Curtin University of Technology, Telethon Institute for Child Health Research.Google Scholar