Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-7cvxr Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-26T15:04:40.666Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Law and Development Minus Legal Transplants: The Example of China in Vietnam

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  29 April 2021

Matthew S. Erie  and
Do Hai Ha
Matthew S. Erie*
Affiliation:
University of Oxford
Do Hai Ha
Affiliation:
University of Oxford
*
*Corresponding author. E-mail: [email protected]
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Legal transplants are broadly recognized as one of the main mechanisms by which donor states influence the legal development of recipient states. The experience of China, however, challenges convention. While, in recent years, China has been one of the largest capital-exporting countries in the world and has mobilized law to protect its investment in high-risk recipient states, legal transplants have, to date, not played a major role in China’s approach to law and development. This article examines this puzzle through the case of China’s participation in formulating Vietnam’s 2018 SEZ Bill. In doing so, this article sets forth a number of hypotheses as to why Chinese law has thus far not assumed the form of legal transplant. The example of the SEZ Bill demonstrates how Chinese legal transplants depend as much on the “pull” of recipient states as they do on the “push” of the donor. The case-study of the SEZ Bill raises important questions not only for Chinese law and development, but also, more generally, for the viability of “second-order” legal transplants: those from an Asian donor to an Asian recipient.

Keywords

law and developmentlegal transplantChinaVietnamindustrial policySEZ
Type
Legal transplants in contemporary Asia
Information
Asian Journal of Law and Society , Volume 8 , Issue 2 , June 2021 , pp. 372 - 401
Copyright
© The Author(s), 2021. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of Asian Journal of Law and Society

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

References

Ajani, Gianmaria (1995) “By Chance and Prestige: Legal Transplants in Russia and Eastern Europe.” 43 American Journal of Comparative Law 93–117.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Alemanno, Alberto, & Sibony, Anne-Lise, eds. (2016) Nudge and the Law: A European Perspective, Oxford: Hart Publishing.Google Scholar
Anh, Minh (2012) “Đặc khu kinh tế: Hành trình đang viết dở [SEZs: An Incomplete Journey],” VnEconomy, 24 August, http://vneconomy.vn/thoi-su/dac-khu-kinh-te-hanh-trinh-dang-viet-do-20120824014356769.htm (accessed 19 April 2020).Google Scholar
Bảo, Lâm (2018) “Bộ trưởng KHĐT: Luật đặc khu không có chữ nào về Trung Quốc [Minister of Planning and Investment: SEZs Law Contains No Reference to China],” Zing.vn, 6 June, https://news.zing.vn/bo-truong-khdt-luat-dac-khu-khong-co-chu-nao-ve-trung-quoc-post849028.html (accessed 19 April 2020).Google Scholar
Bath, Vivienne (2018) “Chinese Investment and Approaches to International Investment Agreements,” in Morosini, F. & Badin, M. R. S., eds., Reconceptualizing International Investment Law from the Global South, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 47–94.Google Scholar
BBC (2018a) “Tôi cho rằng cần trưng cầu dân ý về Luật Đặc khu [I Think that There Should be a Referendum of the SEZs Law],” BBC News Tiếng Việt, 3 June, https://www.bbc.com/vietnamese/media-44347521 (accessed 19 April 2020).Google Scholar
BBC (2018b) “Tôi đề nghị chưa thông qua dự luật về ba đặc khu [I Suggest that the Bill on Three SEZs Not Be Adopted Now],” BBC News Tiếng Việt, 31 May, https://www.bbc.com/vietnamese/media-44318152 (accessed 19 April 2020).Google Scholar
Berkowitz, Daniel, Pistor, Katharina, & Richard, Jean-Francois (2003) “The Transplant Effect.” 51 American Journal of Comparative Law 163–204.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Biddulph, Sarah (2015) The Stability Imperative: Human Rights and Law in China, Vancouver: University of British Columbia.Google Scholar
Bourdieu, Pierre (1987) “The Force of Law: Toward a Sociology of the Juridical Field.” 38 Hastings Law Journal 805–55.Google Scholar
Brautigam, Deborah, & Xiaoyang, Tang (2011) “African Shenzhen: China’s Special Economic Zones in Africa.” 49 The Journal of Modern African Studies 27–54.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Brautigam, Deborah, & Xiaoyang, Tang (2014) “‘Going Global in Groups’: Structural Transformation and China’s Special Economic Zones Overseas.” 63 World Development 78–91.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Burnay, Matthieu (2018) Chinese Perspectives on the International Rule of Law: Law and Politics in the One-Party State, Cheltenham: Edward Elgar.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cairns, John W. (2012) “Watson, Walton, and the History of Legal Transplants.” 41 Georgia Journal of International and Comparative Law 637–96.Google Scholar
Cao, Deborah (2018) Chinese Language in Law: Code Red, Lanham: Lexington Books.Google Scholar
Carothers, Thomas (1998) “The Rule of Law Revival.” 77 Foreign Affairs 95–106.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
CCSEZR (2014) “World Special Economic Zone Development Forum International Conference,” CCSEZR, 11 April, http://www.ccsezr.org.cn/index.php?m=content&c=index&a=show&catid=82&id=12 (accessed 19 April 2020).Google Scholar
CCSEZR (2018) “Pham Minh Chinh, Secretary of the CPV Central Committee, and His Party Visit CCSEZR,” CCSEZR, 5 February, http://www.ccsezr.org.cn/index.php?m=content&c=index&a=show&catid=46&id=28 (accessed 19 April 2020).Google Scholar
CCSEZR (2019) “Consul-General of Consulate General of Vietnam in Guangzhou Visits CCSEZR,” CCSEZR, 17 February, http://www.ccsezr.org.cn/index.php?m=content&c=index&a=show&catid=46&id=55 (accessed 19 April 2020).Google Scholar
Chaisse, Julien (2018) “Introduction: China’s International Investment Law and Policy Regime—Identifying the Three Tracks,” in Chaisse, J., ed., China’s International Investment Strategy: Bilateral, Regional, and Global Law and Policy, Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Chaisse, Julien, & Matsushita, Mitsuo (2018) “China’s ‘Belt and Road’ Initiative: Mapping the World Trade Normative and Strategic Implications.” 52 Journal of World Trade 163–86.Google Scholar
Chan, Anita (2019) “Vietnam’s and China’s Diverging Industrial Relations Systems: Case of Path Dependency.” Journal of Contemporary Asia, doi: 10.1080/00472336.2019.1623907.Google Scholar
Chen, Vivien J. H. (2013) “The Evolution of Malaysian Shareholder Protection: A Legal Origins Analysis.” 65 Singapore Journal of Legal Studies 100–24.Google Scholar
Chen, Weitseng (2017) The Beijing Consensus? How China Has Changed the Western Ideas of Law and Development, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Chen-Wishart, Mindy (2013) “Legal Transplant and Undue Influence: Lost in Translation or a Working Misunderstanding.” 62 International and Comparative Law Quarterly 1–30.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Choudhry, Sujit, ed. (2006) The Migration of Constitutional Ideas, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Christensen, Thomas J. (2015) The China Challenge: Shaping the Choices of a Rising Power, New York: W.W. Norton & Co.Google Scholar
Clarke, Donald C. (2003) “Economic Development and the Rights Hypothesis: The China Problem.” 51 American Journal of Comparative Law 89–111.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Clover, Charles (2017) “Xi Jinping Signals Departure from Low-Profile Policy,” Financial Times, 20 October.Google Scholar
Cohn, Margit (2010) “Legal Transplant Chronicles: The Evolution of Unreasonableness and Proportionality Review of the Administration in the United Kingdom.” 58 American Journal of Comparative Law 583–630.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Corne, Peter, & Erie, Matthew S. (2019) “China’s Mediation Revolution? Opportunities and Challenges of the Singapore Mediation Convention,” Opinio Juris, 28 August, http://opiniojuris.org/2019/08/28/chinas-media-revolution-opportunities-and-challenges-of-the-singapore-mediation-convention/ (accessed 19 April 2020).Google Scholar
Cotterrell, Roger (2001) “Is There a Logic of Legal Transplants?,” in Nelken, D. & Feest, J., eds., Adapting Legal Cultures, Oxford: Hart Publishing, 70–92.Google Scholar
Crouch, Melissa (2018) “The Prerogative Writs as Constitutional Transfer.” 38 Oxford Journal of Legal Studies 653–75.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
deLisle, Jacques (1999) “Lex Americana? United States Legal Assistance, American Legal Models, and Legal Change in the Post-Communist World and Beyond.” 20 University of Pennsylvania Journal of International Economic Law 179–308.Google Scholar
Deschamps, Isabelle (2012) “Commercial Law Reform in Africa: A Means of Socio-Economic Development, but for Whom? Perspective of Women Entrepreneurs in Benin,” in Laryea, E. T., Madolo, N., & Sucker, F., eds., International Economic Law: Voices of Africa, Cape Town: Siberlnk, 212–51.Google Scholar
Đinh, Trường Hinh (2018) “Các đặc khu kinh tế có cần thiết cho kinh tế Việt Nam [Are SEZs Necessary for the Vietnamese Economy?],” Người Đô thị, 2 June, https://nguoidothi.net.vn/cac-dac-khu-kinh-te-co-can-thiet-cho-kinh-te-viet-nam-14073.html (accessed 19 April 2020).Google Scholar
Do, Hai Ha (2016) “The Dynamics of Legal Transplantation: Regulating Industrial Conflicts in Post-Đổi mới Vietnam.” PhD diss., University of Melbourne.Google Scholar
Do, Hai Ha, & Nicholson, Pip (2020) “Vietnamese Deliberative Authoritarianism and Legality,” in Fu, H. & Chen, W., eds., Authoritarian Legality in Asia: Formation, Development and Transition, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Drafting Committee (2017a) Detailed Explanation of the Bill on Special Administrative-Economic Units, 9 September.Google Scholar
Drafting Committee (2017b) Report on Review of Operation of Industrial Parks, Economic Zones and Similar Models, 30 August.Google Scholar
Drafting Committee (2017c) Report on the Review of the International Experience in Constructing, Developing and Managing SEZs and Similar Models, 9 October.Google Scholar
Du, Ming (2014) “China’s State Capitalism and World Trade Law.” 63 International and Comparative Law Quarterly 409–48.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Duiker, William J. (2000) Ho Chi Minh: A Life, Crows Nest, Sydney: Allen & Unwin.Google Scholar
Erie, Matthew S. (2019) “Anticorruption as Transnational Law: The Foreign Corrupt Practices Act and Party Rules in China.” 67 American Journal of Comparative Law: 233–79.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Erie, Matthew S. (2020) “The New Legal Hubs: The Emergent Landscape of International Commercial Dispute Resolution.” 60 Virginia Journal of International Law: 225–98.Google Scholar
Erie, Matthew S. (forthcoming) “Chinese Law and Development,” Harvard International Law Journal.Google Scholar
Ewald, William (1995) “Comparative Jurisprudence (II): The Logic of Legal Transplants.” 43 American Journal of Comparative Law 489–510.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Feldman, Eric A. (1994) “Legal Transplants, Organ Transplants: The Japanese Experience.” 3 Social and Legal Studies 71–91.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fu, Hualing, & Jason, Buhi (2018) “Diverging Trends in Socialist Constitutionalism,” in Fu, H., Gillespie, J., Nicholson, P., & Partlett, W., eds., Socialist Law in Socialist East Asia, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 135–63.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Garver, John W. (2016) China’s Quest: The History of the Foreign Relations of the People’s Republic of China, Oxford: Oxford University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gillespie, John (2005) “Changing Concepts of Socialist Law in Vietnam,” in Gillespie, J. & Nicholson, P., eds., Asian Socialism and Legal Change: The Dynamics of Vietnamese and Chinese Reform, Canberra, ACT: Australian National University E Press, 45–75.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gillespie, John (2006) Transplanting Commercial Law Reform: Developing a “Rule of Law” in Vietnam, Aldershot: Ashgate Publishing.Google Scholar
Gillespie, John (2007) “Understanding Legality in Vietnam,” in Balme, S. & Sidel, M., eds., Vietnam’s New Order: International Perspectives on the State and Reform in Vietnam, Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan, 137–61.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gillespie, John, & Chen, Albert H. Y. (2010a) “Comparing Legal Development in China and Vietnam: An Introduction,” in Gillespie, J. & Chen, A. H. Y., eds., Legal Reforms in China and Vietnam: A Comparison of Asian Communist Regimes, New York: Routledge, 1–26.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gillespie, John, & Chen, Albert H. Y., eds. (2010b) Legal Reforms in China and Vietnam: A Comparison of Asian Communist Regimes, New York: Routledge.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Groffman, Nicholas. (2018) “Why English Law Could Rule on China’s Belt and Road Disputes,” South China Morning Post, 6 March, http://www.scmp.com/week-asia/opinion/article/2135329/why-english-law-could-rule-chinas-belt-and-road-disputes (accessed 19 April 2020).Google Scholar
Guangming ribao pinglunyuan (光明日报评论员) [Guangming Paper Commentator] (2019) Jianchi he wanshan duli zizhu de heping waijiao zhengce (坚持和完善独立自主的和平外交政策) [Uphold and perfect an Independent Foreign Policy of Peace], Zhonggong zhongyang dangxiao guojia xingzheng xueyuan (中共中央党校) [Party School of the Central Committee of the CCP National Academy of Governance], 13 November, http://www.ccps.gov.cn/llwx/201911/t20191113_135880.shtml (accessed 19 April 2020).Google Scholar
Harding, Andrew (2018) “Multi-Level, Recursive Law and Development: Singapore’s Legal Role in ASEAN.” 5 Asian Journal of Law and Society 251–69.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hart, Herbert L. A. (1970) “Introduction,” in Bentham, J., ed., Of Laws in General, London: Athlone Press, i–xliii.Google Scholar
He, Xin (2014) “Administrative Reconsideration’s Erosion of Administrative Litigation in China.” 2 The Chinese Journal of Comparative Law 252–69.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ho, Engseng (2017) “Inter-Asian Concepts for Mobile Societies.” 76 The Journal of Asian Studies 907–28.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hồ, Quốc Tuấn (2017) “Đặc khu hành chính-kinh tế: một trào lưu không có gì đặc biệt [“Special Administrative-Economic Zones: Nothing Special about this Trend],” Thời báo Kinh tế Sài Gòn, 12 December, https://www.thesaigontimes.vn/164347/Dac-khu-hanh-chinh-kinh-te-mot-trao-luu-khong-co-gi-dac-biet (accessed 19 April 2020).Google Scholar
Hồ, Quốc Tuấn (2018) “Cái giá của đặc khu kinh tế [The Price of SEZs],” Thời báo Kinh tế Sài Gòn, 7 June, https://www.thesaigontimes.vn/273572/cai-gia-cua-dac-khu-kinh-te.html (accessed 19 April 2020).Google Scholar
Hoàng, Phú, & Minh, Tiến (2018) “Trung Quốc đã làm gì ở các đặc khu châu Phi? [What Did China Do in African SEZs?],” Pháp luật thành phố Hồ Chí Minh, 8 June, https://plo.vn/van-hoa/ho-so-phong-su/trung-quoc-da-lam-gi-o-cac-dac-khu-chau-phi-774833.html (accessed 19 April 2020).Google Scholar
Hurst, William (2018) Ruling Before the Law: The Politics of Legal Regimes in China and Indonesia, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Huxley, Andrew (2007) “Jeremy Bentham on Legal Transplants.” 2 Journal of Comparative Law 177–88.Google Scholar
Huyền, Trang (2018a) “Dự án Luật Đặc khu: Thuận lợi trong kinh doanh quan trọng hơn ưu đãi kinh tế [The SEZs Bill: The Ease of Doing Business Is More Important Than Economic Incentives],” Diễn đàn Doanh nghiệp, 26 May, https://enternews.vn/du-an-luat-don-vi-hanh-chinh-kinh-te-dac-biet-van-don-bac-van-phong-phu-quoc-thuan-loi-kinh-doanh-quan-trong-hon-uu-dai-kinh-te-129810.html (accessed 19 April 2020).Google Scholar
Huyền, Trang (2018b) “Nếu quá cầu toàn khi xây dựng, Luật Đặc khu có thể làm mất đi cơ hội của đất nước [The Country May Loose Opportunities If [We] Are Too Cautious in Making the SEZs Law],” Diễn đàn Doanh nghiệp, 18 May, https://enternews.vn/bo-truong-nguyen-chi-dung-neu-qua-cau-toan-khi-xay-dung-luat-dac-khu-co-the-lam-mat-di-co-hoi-cua-dat-nuoc-129425.html (accessed 19 April 2020).Google Scholar
Institute for New Structural Economics (2019) “International Development Cooperation,” http://www.nse.pku.edu.cn/en/policy/internaration/index.htm (accessed 17 October 2019).Google Scholar
Jia, Mark (2016) “Chinese Common Law? Guiding Cases and Judicial Reform.” 129 Harvard Law Review 2213–34.Google Scholar
K, Nam (2018) “Đặc khu có nên cho nhà đầu tư thuê đất 99 năm? [Should SEZs Allow 99-Year Land Leases for Investors?],” Tuổi trẻ, 3 June, https://tuoitre.vn/dac-khu-co-nen-cho-nha-dau-tu-thue-dat-99-nam-2018060309491778.htm (accessed 19 April 2020).Google Scholar
Kahn-Freund, Sir Otto (1974) “On Uses and Misuses of Comparative Law.” 37 Modern Law Review 1–27.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kaneko, Yuka (2010) “A Procedural Approach to Judicial Reform in Asia: Implications from Japanese Involvement in Vietnam.” 23 Columbia Journal of Asian Law 313–55.Google Scholar
Kaneko, Yuka (2019) Civil Law Reforms in Post-Colonial Asia: Beyond Western Capitalism, Singapore: Springer.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kaneko, Yuka (this symposium issue) “Land Law Reforms in Vietnam and Myanmar: ‘Legal Transplant’ Viewed from Asian Recipients.” Asian Journal of Law and Society.Google Scholar
Karrar, Hasan Haider (2009) New Silk Road Diplomacy: China’s Central Asian Foreign Policy Since the Cold War, Vancouver: UBC Press.Google Scholar
Keller, Perry (1994). “Sources of Order in Chinese Law.” 42 American Journal of Comparative Law 711–59.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kêu gọi phản đối dự thảo Luật đơn vị hành chính-kinh tế đặc biệt (Vân Đồn, Bắc Vân Phong, Phú Quốc)—Đợt 1–8 (Call for Objection to the Bill on Special Administrative-Economic Units (Vân Đồn, Bắc Vân Phong, Phú Quốc)—1st-8th Times), Boxivn.net, 15 June 2018, http://www.boxitvn.net/bai/54908 (accessed 13 January 2020).Google Scholar
Khánh Hoà People’s Committee (2017) Đề án thành lập đơn vị hành chính-kinh tế đặc biệt Bắc Vân Phong thuộc tỉnh Khánh Hoà [Proposal for the Establishment of Bắc Vân Phong Special Administrative-Economic Unit in Khánh Hoà Province], October.Google Scholar
Kiên Giang Province (2017) Đề án thành lập đơn vị hành chính-kinh tế đặc biệt Phú Quốc, tỉnh Kiên Giang [Proposal for the Establishment of Phú Quốc Special Administrative-Economic Unit, Kiên Giang Province], October.Google Scholar
Kiều, Linh (2018) “Lo ngại đặc khu kinh tế sẽ phát sinh ‘cuộc đua xuống đáy’ của ưu đãi” [It Is Worried that SEZs Will Trigger a ‘Race to Bottom’ in Providing Favourable Incentives],” VnEconomy, 18 May, http://vneconomy.vn/lo-ngai-dac-khu-kinh-te-se-phat-sinh-cuoc-dua-xuong-day-cua-uu-dai-20180518115054284.htm (accessed 19 April 2020).Google Scholar
Kim, Hoa (2018) “Đặc khu kinh tế Trung Quốc ở Campuchia [Chinese SEZs in Cambodia],” Đất Việt, 8 June, https://baodatviet.vn/the-gioi/tin-tuc-24h/dac-khu-kinh-te-trung-quoc-o-campuchia-3359607/ (accessed 19 April 2020).Google Scholar
Kingsley, Jeremy J. (2004) “Legal Transplantation: Is This What the Doctor Ordered and are the Blood Types Compatible? The Application of Interdisciplinary Research to Law Reform in the Developing World—A Case Study of Corporate Governance in Indonesia.” 21 Arizona Journal of International and Comparative Law 493–534.Google Scholar
Kong, Qingjiang (2017) “Beyond the Love-Hate Approach?: International Law and International Institutions and the Rising China.” 15 China: An International Journal 41–62.Google Scholar
Krishnan, Jayanth K. (2004) “Professor Kingsfield Goes to Delhi: American Academics, the Ford Foundation, and the Development of Legal Education in India.” 46 American Journal of Legal History 447–99.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kroncke, Jedidiah J. (2016) The Futility of Law and Development: China and the Dangers of Exporting American Law, Oxford: Oxford University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kuong, Teilee (2018) “Legal Assistance in the Japanese ODA: The Spark of a New Era.” 5 Asian Journal of Law and Society 271–87.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lam, Thanh Ha (2019) “Chinese FDI in Vietnam: Trends, Status and Challenges,” ISEAS Perspective, 24 April, https://www.iseas.edu.sg/images/pdf/ISEAS_Perspective_2019_34.pdf (accessed 19 April 2020).Google Scholar
Langer, Máximo (2004) “From Legal Transplants to Legal Translations: The Globalization of Plea Bargaining and the Americanization Thesis in Criminal Procedure.” 45 Harvard International Law Journal 1–64.Google Scholar
Lanteigne, Marc (2005) China and International Institutions: Alternate Paths to Global Power, New York: Routledge.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lê, Hiệp (2018) “Chính phủ đề nghị lùi thời gian thông qua luật đặc khu [The Government Proposes to Delay the Adoption of the SEZs Law],” Thanh Niên, 8 June, https://thanhnien.vn/thoi-su/chinh-phu-de-nghi-lui-thoi-gian-thong-qua-luat-dac-khu-971594.html (accessed 19 April 2020).Google Scholar
Le, Hong Hiep (2018) “The Belt and Road Initiative in Vietnam: Challenges and Prospects,” ISEAS Perspective, 29 March, https://www.iseas.edu.sg/images/pdf/[email protected] (accessed 19 April 2020).Google Scholar
Lê, Ngọc Sơn (2018) “Thử nghiệm thể chế và hai câu hỏi lớn [Institutional Experiment and Two Big Questions],” Người Đô thị, 7 June, https://nguoidothi.net.vn/thu-nghiem-the-che-va-hai-cau-hoi-lon-14009.html (accessed 19 April 2020).Google Scholar
Lê, Quỳnh (2018) “Đặc khu kinh tế: Tại sao có nỗi lo Trung Quốc là mối hoạ lớn [SEZs: Why Is China a Big Threat?],” Người Đô thị, 6 June, https://nguoidothi.net.vn/dac-khu-kinh-te-tai-sao-co-noi-lo-trung-quoc-la-moi-hoa-lon-13995.html (accessed 19 April 2020).Google Scholar
Le, Thanh Vinh (2012) “Competition Law Transfer in Vietnam from an Interpretive Perspective.” PhD diss., Monash University.Google Scholar
Legrand, Pierre (1997) “The Impossibility of ‘Legal Transplants’.” 4 Maastrict Journal of European and Comparative Law 111–24.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lindsey, Timothy, ed. (2007) Law Reform in Developing and Transitional States, London: Routledge.Google Scholar
Lời kêu gọi biểu tình ôn hoà phản đối thông qua Luật Đặc khu [Call for Peaceful Demonstration to Oppose the SEZs Law] (2018), Nhật ký yêu nước Facebook Page, 6 June, https://www.facebook.com/nhatkyyeunuoc1/photos/a.551760078184077/2283645228328878/?type=1&theater (accessed 19 April 2020).Google Scholar
Luân, Dũng (2017) “Ai kiểm soát quyền lực của Trưởng Đặc khu? [Who Will Control the Power of the SEZ President?],” Tiền phong, 11 November, https://www.tienphong.vn/xa-hoi/ai-kiem-soat-quyen-luc-cua-truong-dac-khu-1206546.tpo (accessed 19 April 2020).Google Scholar
Luân, Dũng (2018) “Đặc khu kinh tế: ‘Không đánh đổi chủ quyền lấy phát triển kinh tế’ [SEZs: ‘Don’t Exchange Sovereignty for Economic Growth’],” Tiền phong, 4 April, https://www.tienphong.vn/xa-hoi/dac-khu-kinh-te-khong-danh-doi-chu-quyen-lay-phat-trien-kinh-te-1257900.tpo (accessed 19 April 2020).Google Scholar
Lubman, Stanley (1999) Bird in a Cage: Legal Reform in China After Mao, Stanford: Stanford University Press.Google Scholar
Maosen, Li (2011) “Changing Ideological-Political Orientations in Chinese Moral Education: Some Personal and Professional Reflections.” 40 Journal of Moral Education 387–95.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mathis, Klaus, & Tor, Avishalom, eds. (2016) Nudging—Possibilities, Limitations and Applications in European Law and Economics, Cham: Springer.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Matsuura, Yoshiharu, ed. (2005) The Role of Law in Development: Past, Present and Future, Nagoya: CALE Books.Google Scholar
Mattei, Ugo (1994) “Efficiency in Legal Transplants: An Essay in Comparative Law and Economics.” 14 International Review of Law and Economics 3–19.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Miller, Jonathan M. (2003) “A Typology of Legal Transplants: Using Sociology, Legal History and the Argentine Example to Explain the Transplant Process.” 51 American Journal of Comparative Law 839–85.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nghi, Điềm (2018) “TS Nguyễn Đức Kiên: Đặc khu cho thuê đất 99 năm là vô nghĩa [It’s Nonsense to Lease Land for 99 Years in SEZs],” Nhà Đầu tư, 9 May, https://nhadautu.vn/gap-go-thu-tu-ts-nguyen-duc-kien-dac-khu-cho-thue-dat-99-nam-la-vo-nghia-d9535.html (accessed 19 April 2020).Google Scholar
Nguyễn, Đức (2018) “Luật Đặc khu: Nên hoãn lại để xin ý kiến nhân dân [SEZs Law: Should Be Postponed to Seek People’s Opinions],” Người Đô thị, 7 June, https://nguoidothi.net.vn/luat-dac-khu-nen-hoan-lai-de-xin-y-kien-nhan-dan-14024.html (accessed 19 April 2020).Google Scholar
Nguyen, Khac Vien (1974) Tradition and Revolution in Vietnam, Berkeley: Indochina Resource Center.Google Scholar
Nguyễn, Lê (2018) “Chủ tịch Quốc hội: Phải bàn để ra được luật đặc khu [NA Chairwoman: We Must Discuss to Promulgate the SEZs Law],” VnEconomy, 16 April, http://vneconomy.vn/chu-tich-quoc-hoi-phai-ban-de-ra-duoc-luat-dac-khu-20180416130046666.htm (accessed 19 April 2020).Google Scholar
Nguyen, Ngoc Chu (2018) “Không 99 năm. Không 70 năm. Không đặc khu [No 99 Years. No 70 Years. No SEZs],” Nguyen Ngoc Chu Facebook, 9 June, https://www.facebook.com/chu.nguyenngoc/posts/1335435889923171 (accessed 19 April 2020).Google Scholar
Nguyen, Ngoc Huy, & Tai, Ta Van (1987) The Lê Code, Ohio: Ohio University Press.Google Scholar
Nguyễn, Tiến Lập (2018) “Những băn khoăn về dự thảo luật ‘đặc khu’ [Concerns about the SEZs Bill],” Thời báo kinh tế Sài Gòn, 15 April, https://www.thesaigontimes.vn/271237/Nhung-ban-khoan-ve-du-thao-luat-%E2%80%9Cdac-khu%E2%80%9D.html (accessed 19 April 2020).Google Scholar
Nguyen, Van Cuong (2011) “The Drafting of Vietnam’s Consumer Protection Law: An Analysis from Legal Transplantation Theories.” PhD diss., University of Victoria.Google Scholar
Nichols, Philip M. (1997) “The Viability of Transplanted Law: Kazakhstani Reception of a Transplanted Foreign Investment Code.” 18 University of Pennsylvania Journal of International Law 1235–79.Google Scholar
Nicholson, Penelope (Pip) (2007) Borrowing Court Systems: The Experience of Socialist Vietnam, Leiden: Martinus Nijhoff Publishers.Google Scholar
Nicholson, Pip, & Kuong, Teilee (2014) “Japanese Legal Assistance: An East Asian Model of Legal Assistance and Rule of Law?” 6 Hague Journal on the Rule of Law 141–77.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
P, Thảo (2018) “Thủ tướng: ‘Tôi nhận rất nhiều tin nhắn, thư góp ý về thuê đất tại đặc khu’ [Prime Minister: ‘I Have Received Numerous Messages and Opinion Letters Regarding Land Leases in SEZs’],” Dân trí, 4 June, https://dantri.com.vn/chinh-tri/thu-tuong-toi-nhan-rat-nhieu-tin-nhan-thu-gop-y-ve-cho-thue-dat-tai-dac-khu-20180604105720009.htm (accessed 2 November 2020).Google Scholar
Peerenboom, Randall (2002) China’s Long March toward Rule of Law, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Peerenboom, Randall (2007) China Modernizes: Threat to the West or Model to the Rest? Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Pham, Duy Nghia, & Do Hai, Ha (2018) “The Soviet Legacy and Its Impact on Contemporary Vietnam,” in Fu, H., Gillespie, J., Nicholson, P., et al., eds., Socialist Law in Socialist East Asia, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 97–131.Google Scholar
Pheap, Aun (2019) “Chinese Police Work in Cambodia to Handle Chinese Suspects,” Radio Free Asia, 12 December.Google Scholar
Phương, Nhung (2018) “Lò nóng lắm rồi, đừng thêm củi vào khi đặc khu ra đời [The Oven has Already Been too Hot. Don’t Put more Fire Wood into it upon the Establishment of SEZs],” Người Lao động, 23 May, https://nld.com.vn/chinh-tri/tang-quyen-luc-chu-tich-dac-khu-de-vi-pham-phap-luat-20180523105119059.htm (accessed 19 April 2020).Google Scholar
Potter, Pitman B. (2004) “Legal Reform in China: Institutions, Culture, and Selective Adaptation.” 29 Law and Social Inquiry 465–95.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
QNP (2013a) “Lãnh đạo tỉnh làm việc với đoàn chuyên gia Trường Đại học Thâm Quyến (Trung Quốc) [Provincial Leaders Worked with the Expert Team from Shenzhen University (China)],” https://www.quangninh.gov.vn/pinchitiet.aspx?nid=55202 (accessed 19 April 2020).Google Scholar
QNP (2013b) “Tỉnh Quảng Ninh và Trường Đại học Thâm Quyến (Trung Quốc) ký bản ghi nhớ hợp tác tổ chức hội thảo về KKT và giáo dục đào tạo [Quang Ninh Province and Shenzhen University (China) Signed a Memorandum on Cooperation in the Organisation of the Economic Zone Conference and Education and Training],” https://www.quangninh.gov.vn/pinchitiet.aspx?nid=54565 (accessed 19 April 2020).Google Scholar
Quảng Ninh Province (2017) Đề án thành lập đơn vị hành chính-kinh tế đặc biệt Vân Đồn” [Proposal for the Establishment of Vân Đồn Special Administrative-Economic Unit], September.Google Scholar
Ramos, Lizette (2017) “Legal Challenges for Chinese Investment in Special Economic Zones in Mexico.” 6 International Journal of Management Sciences and Business Research 10–21.Google Scholar
Sannerholm, Richard Z. (2009) “‘Cut-and-Past’? Rule of Law Promotion and Legal Transplants in War to Peace Transitions,” in Engelbrekt, A. B. & Nergelius, J., eds., New Directions in Comparative Law, Cheltenham: Edward Elgar Publishing, 56–80.Google Scholar
Sapio, Flora (2010) Sovereign Power and the Law in China, Leiden: Brill.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sauvant, Karl P. (2019) “China Moves the G20 towards in International Investment Framework and Investment Facilitation,” in Chaisse, J., ed., China’s International Investment Strategy: Bilateral, Regional, and Global Law and Policy, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 311–28.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Seppänen, Samuli (2018) “Chinese Legal Development Assistance: Which Rule of Law? Whose Pragmatism?” 51 Vanderbilt Journal of Transnational Law 101–58.Google Scholar
Shaffer, Gregory, & Gao, Henry S. (2017) “China’s Rise: How It Took on the US at the WTO.” 1 University of Illinois Law Review 115–84.Google Scholar
Shaffer, Gregory, & Gao, Henry S. (2020) “A New Chinese Economic Legal Order.” Journal of International Economic Law.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sherman, Justin (2019) “Vietnam’s Internet Control: Following in China’s Footsteps?” The Diplomat, 11 December, https://thediplomat.com/2019/12/vietnams-internet-control-following-in-chinas-footsteps/ (accessed 19 April 2020).Google Scholar
Sunstein, Cass R., & Thaler, Richard H. (2008) Nudge, New York: Penguin Books.Google Scholar
Taylor, Veronica L. (2005) “New Markets, New Commodity: Japanese Legal Technical Assistance.” 23 Wisconsin International Law Journal 251–81.Google Scholar
Teubner, Gunther (1998) “Legal Irritants: Good Faith in British Law or How Unifying Law Ends up in New Divergences.” 61 The Modern Law Review 11–32.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Thái, Phương (2018) “Chưa rõ cú hích từ đặc khu! [The Nudge from SEZs Is Unclear!],” Người Lao động, 7 June, https://nld.com.vn/kinh-te/chua-nen-thong-qua-luat-dac-khu-chua-ro-cu-hich-tu-dac-khu-20180606214347517.htm (accessed 19 April 2020).Google Scholar
Thul, Prak Chan (2016) “China Agrees to Help Cambodia Overhaul Its Criticized Judiciary,” Reuters, 28 September, https://www.reuters.com/article/us-china-cambodia-idUSKCN11Y17H (accessed 19 April 2020).Google Scholar
Tô, Văn Trường (2018) “TS Tô Văn Trường trả lời phỏng vấn Thời báo Tài chính VN về dự thảo Luật Đặc khu kinh tế [Dr To Van Truong’s Response to an Interview of Vietnam Financial Times Regarding the SEZs Bill],” Bauxite Vietnam, 4 June, https://www.facebook.com/permalink.php?story_fbid=10156502232294679&id=85922774678 (accessed 19 April 2020).Google Scholar
Tomiyama, Atsushi (2018) “Vietnam’s Economic Zones Derailed by Anti-China Protests,” Nikkei Asian Review, 3 September, https://asia.nikkei.com/Politics/International-relations/Vietnam-s-economic-zones-derailed-by-anti-China-Protests (accessed 19 April 2020).Google Scholar
Toohey, Lisa, Picker, Colin B., & Greenacre, Jonathan, eds. (2015) China in the International Economic Order: New Directions and Changing Paradigms, New York: Cambridge University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Trần, Văn Thọ (2018) “Ba đặc khu cần trả lời ba câu hỏi [Three SEZs Have to Answer Three Questions],” Người Đô thị, 9 June, https://nguoidothi.net.vn/gs-tran-van-tho-ba-dac-khu-can-tra-loi-ba-cau-hoi-14047.html (accessed 19 April 2020).Google Scholar
Trí, Lâm (2018) “Luật sư Nguyễn Tiến Lập: Mô hình đặc khu đã lỗi thời [Lawyer Nguyễn Tiến Lập: The SEZ Model Is Out-of-Date],” Một thế giới, 31 May, https://www.mtg.com.vn/kinh-te-c-67/luat-su-nguyen-tien-lap-mo-hinh-dac-khu-da-loi-thoi-89267.html (accessed 19 April 2020).Google Scholar
Trubek, David M. (2006) “The ‘Rule of Law’ in Development Assistance: Past, Present, and Future,” in Trubek, D. M. & Santos, A., eds., The New Law and Economic Development: A Critical Appraisal, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 74–94.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Trubek, David M. (2016) “Law and Development: Forty Years after ‘Scholars in Self-Estrangement’.” 66 University of Toronto Law Journal 301–29.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Trubek, David M., & Galanter, Marc (1974) “Scholars in Self-Estrangement: Some Reflections on the Crisis in Law and Development Studies in the United States.” 4 Wisconsin Law Review 1062–102.Google Scholar
Trubek, David M., & Santos, Alvaro (2006) “Introduction: The Third Moment in Law and Development Theory and the Emergence of a New Critical Practice,” in Trubek, M. & Santos, A., eds., The New Law and Economic Development: A Critical Appraisal, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1–19.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Trương, Trọng Nghĩa (2018) “Chưa nên thông qua Luật Đặc khu [The SEZs Law Should Not Be Adopted at this Time],” Người Lao động, 6 June, https://nld.com.vn/kinh-te/chua-nen-thong-qua-luat-dac-khu-2018060521233578.htm (accessed 19 April 2020).Google Scholar
Tư, Hoàng (2014) “Giáo sư—Tiến sĩ Nguyễn Mại: Chúng ta được gì từ đặc khu? [Professor—Dr. Nguyễn Mại: What Can We Get from Special Zones?],” Thời báo Kinh tế Sài Gòn, 10 July, https://www.thesaigontimes.vn/117275/Giao-su—Tien-si-Nguyen-Mai-Chung-ta-duoc-gi-tu-dac-khu (accessed 19 April 2020).Google Scholar
Tuấn, Anh (2014) “Quảng Ninh và Hội thảo Khoa học quốc tế về phát triển đặc khu kinh tế [Quang Ninh and the International Conference on SEZ Development],” Thế giới & Việt Nam, 19 March, https://baoquocte.vn/quang-ninh-va-hoi-thao-khoa-hoc-quoc-te-ve-phat-trien-dac-khu-kinh-te-23579.html (accessed 19 April 2020).Google Scholar
UN Convention on International Settlement Agreements Resulting from Mediation (New York, 2018) (the “Singapore Convention on Mediation”), adopted 20 December 2018, https://uncitral.un.org/en/texts/mediation/conventions/international_settlement_agreements (accessed 31 March 2020).Google Scholar
UN Office for South-South Cooperation and the UN Development Programme (2019) South-South Ideas: Report on the Potential for Monitoring and Evaluation of Special Economic Zones in Bangladesh, New York: UN.Google Scholar
UNCTAD Investment Policy Hub (2020) “China: Bilateral Investment Treaties and Treaties with Investment Provisions,” https://investmentpolicy.unctad.org/international-investment-agreements/countries/42/china (accessed 31 March 2020).Google Scholar
UNDP International Poverty Reduction Center (2015) If Africa Builds Nests, Will the Birds Come? Comparative Study on Special Economic Zones in Africa and China, Beijing: UNDP.Google Scholar
Văn, Duẩn (2018) “Thượng tướng Nguyễn Văn Được: Mong Đảng và Nhà nước thận trọng xem xét Luật Đặc khu [Colonel General Nguyễn Văn Được: I Hope that the Party and State Consider the SEZs Law with Caution],” Người Lao động, 7 June, https://nld.com.vn/chinh-tri/thuong-tuong-nguyen-van-duoc-mong-dang-va-nha-nuoc-than-trong-xem-xet-luat-dac-khu-2018060716212486.htm (accessed 19 April 2020).Google Scholar
van Rooij, Benjamin (2006) Regulating Land and Pollution in China, Lawmaking, Compliance, and Enforcement; Theory and Cases, Leiden: Leiden University Press.Google Scholar
Võ, Nguyên Giáp (1995) Chiến đấu Trong Vòng vây [Fighting within an Encirclement], Hanoi: Nhà xuất bản Quân đội nhân dân.Google Scholar
Vũ, Mạnh, & Thảo, Phương (2017) “Đặc khu kinh tế Trung Quốc: Hào quang và nước mắt ở Thâm Quyến [Chinese SEZs: Haloes and Tears in Shenzhen],” Zing.vn, 15 August, https://zingnews.vn/dac-khu-kinh-te-trung-quoc-hao-quang-va-nuoc-mat-o-tham-quyen-post771140.html (accessed 19 April 2020).Google Scholar
Vu, Thanh Tu Anh (2018) “Mô hình đơn vị hành chính-kinh tế đặc biệt [The Special Administrative-Economic Unit],” Vu Thanh Tu Anh Facebook, 4 June, https://www.facebook.com/permalink.php?story_fbid=2144183135652672&id=100001830205620 (accessed 19 April 2020).Google Scholar
Wang, Enbo (2019) “Zhongguo jinchukou yinhang ‘yidaiyilu’ jianshe daikuan yu’e chao wan yi yuan [China Exim Bank’s ‘Belt and Road’ Construction Loan Balance Exceeds RMB 1 Trillion],” 18 April, https://baijiahao.baidu.com/s?id=1631156327348679751&wfr=spider&for=pc (accessed 2 November 2020).Google Scholar
Wang, Heng (2018) “China’s Approach to the Belt and Road Initiative: Scope, Character and Sustainability.” 22 Journal of International Economic Law 29–55.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Watson, Alan (1993a) “Afterword,” in Legal Transplants: An Approach to Comparative Law, Athens and London: University of Georgia Press, 107–18.Google Scholar
Watson, Alan (1993b) Legal Transplants: An Approach to Comparative Law, Athens and London: University of Georgia Press.Google Scholar
Xinlang Caijing (Sina Finance) (2019) “Shangwubu: Zhongguo qiye dui: ‘Yidaiyilu’ yanxian guojia de touzi leiji yichao 1000 yi meiyuan [Ministry of Commerce: Chinese Enterprises Have Invested More than $100 Billion in Countries along the ‘Belt and Road’],” Sina Finance, 29 September, https://baijiahao.baidu.com/s?id=1646002733632323146&wfr=spider&for=pc (accessed 2 November 2020).Google Scholar
Zeng, Douglas Zhihua (2016) Global Experiences with Special Economic Zones: Focus on China and Africa, World Bank Policy Research Working Paper No. 7240.Google Scholar
Zheng, Henry R. (1987) “Law and Policy of China’s Special Economic Zones and Coastal Cities.” 8 New York Law School Journal of International and Comparative Law: 193–296.Google Scholar
Zhonggong zhongyang (中共中央) [Central Committee of the CCP] (2014) Guanyu quanmian tuijin yifazhiguo ruogan zhongda wenti de jueding (关于全面推进依法治国若干重大问题的决定) [Decision on Several Important Issues Concerning the Comprehensive Promotion of Governing the Country According to Law], adopted at the Fourth Plenary Session of the Eighteenth Central Committee of the CCP on 23 October 2014, http://china.caixin.com/2014–10–28/100744069_all.html (accessed 19 April 2020).Google Scholar
Ajani, Gianmaria (1995) “By Chance and Prestige: Legal Transplants in Russia and Eastern Europe.” 43 American Journal of Comparative Law 93–117.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Alemanno, Alberto, & Sibony, Anne-Lise, eds. (2016) Nudge and the Law: A European Perspective, Oxford: Hart Publishing.Google Scholar
Anh, Minh (2012) “Đặc khu kinh tế: Hành trình đang viết dở [SEZs: An Incomplete Journey],” VnEconomy, 24 August, http://vneconomy.vn/thoi-su/dac-khu-kinh-te-hanh-trinh-dang-viet-do-20120824014356769.htm (accessed 19 April 2020).Google Scholar
Bảo, Lâm (2018) “Bộ trưởng KHĐT: Luật đặc khu không có chữ nào về Trung Quốc [Minister of Planning and Investment: SEZs Law Contains No Reference to China],” Zing.vn, 6 June, https://news.zing.vn/bo-truong-khdt-luat-dac-khu-khong-co-chu-nao-ve-trung-quoc-post849028.html (accessed 19 April 2020).Google Scholar
Bath, Vivienne (2018) “Chinese Investment and Approaches to International Investment Agreements,” in Morosini, F. & Badin, M. R. S., eds., Reconceptualizing International Investment Law from the Global South, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 47–94.Google Scholar
BBC (2018a) “Tôi cho rằng cần trưng cầu dân ý về Luật Đặc khu [I Think that There Should be a Referendum of the SEZs Law],” BBC News Tiếng Việt, 3 June, https://www.bbc.com/vietnamese/media-44347521 (accessed 19 April 2020).Google Scholar
BBC (2018b) “Tôi đề nghị chưa thông qua dự luật về ba đặc khu [I Suggest that the Bill on Three SEZs Not Be Adopted Now],” BBC News Tiếng Việt, 31 May, https://www.bbc.com/vietnamese/media-44318152 (accessed 19 April 2020).Google Scholar
Berkowitz, Daniel, Pistor, Katharina, & Richard, Jean-Francois (2003) “The Transplant Effect.” 51 American Journal of Comparative Law 163–204.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Biddulph, Sarah (2015) The Stability Imperative: Human Rights and Law in China, Vancouver: University of British Columbia.Google Scholar
Bourdieu, Pierre (1987) “The Force of Law: Toward a Sociology of the Juridical Field.” 38 Hastings Law Journal 805–55.Google Scholar
Brautigam, Deborah, & Xiaoyang, Tang (2011) “African Shenzhen: China’s Special Economic Zones in Africa.” 49 The Journal of Modern African Studies 27–54.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Brautigam, Deborah, & Xiaoyang, Tang (2014) “‘Going Global in Groups’: Structural Transformation and China’s Special Economic Zones Overseas.” 63 World Development 78–91.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Burnay, Matthieu (2018) Chinese Perspectives on the International Rule of Law: Law and Politics in the One-Party State, Cheltenham: Edward Elgar.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cairns, John W. (2012) “Watson, Walton, and the History of Legal Transplants.” 41 Georgia Journal of International and Comparative Law 637–96.Google Scholar
Cao, Deborah (2018) Chinese Language in Law: Code Red, Lanham: Lexington Books.Google Scholar
Carothers, Thomas (1998) “The Rule of Law Revival.” 77 Foreign Affairs 95–106.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
CCSEZR (2014) “World Special Economic Zone Development Forum International Conference,” CCSEZR, 11 April, http://www.ccsezr.org.cn/index.php?m=content&c=index&a=show&catid=82&id=12 (accessed 19 April 2020).Google Scholar
CCSEZR (2018) “Pham Minh Chinh, Secretary of the CPV Central Committee, and His Party Visit CCSEZR,” CCSEZR, 5 February, http://www.ccsezr.org.cn/index.php?m=content&c=index&a=show&catid=46&id=28 (accessed 19 April 2020).Google Scholar
CCSEZR (2019) “Consul-General of Consulate General of Vietnam in Guangzhou Visits CCSEZR,” CCSEZR, 17 February, http://www.ccsezr.org.cn/index.php?m=content&c=index&a=show&catid=46&id=55 (accessed 19 April 2020).Google Scholar
Chaisse, Julien (2018) “Introduction: China’s International Investment Law and Policy Regime—Identifying the Three Tracks,” in Chaisse, J., ed., China’s International Investment Strategy: Bilateral, Regional, and Global Law and Policy, Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Chaisse, Julien, & Matsushita, Mitsuo (2018) “China’s ‘Belt and Road’ Initiative: Mapping the World Trade Normative and Strategic Implications.” 52 Journal of World Trade 163–86.Google Scholar
Chan, Anita (2019) “Vietnam’s and China’s Diverging Industrial Relations Systems: Case of Path Dependency.” Journal of Contemporary Asia, doi: 10.1080/00472336.2019.1623907.Google Scholar
Chen, Vivien J. H. (2013) “The Evolution of Malaysian Shareholder Protection: A Legal Origins Analysis.” 65 Singapore Journal of Legal Studies 100–24.Google Scholar
Chen, Weitseng (2017) The Beijing Consensus? How China Has Changed the Western Ideas of Law and Development, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Chen-Wishart, Mindy (2013) “Legal Transplant and Undue Influence: Lost in Translation or a Working Misunderstanding.” 62 International and Comparative Law Quarterly 1–30.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Choudhry, Sujit, ed. (2006) The Migration of Constitutional Ideas, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Christensen, Thomas J. (2015) The China Challenge: Shaping the Choices of a Rising Power, New York: W.W. Norton & Co.Google Scholar
Clarke, Donald C. (2003) “Economic Development and the Rights Hypothesis: The China Problem.” 51 American Journal of Comparative Law 89–111.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Clover, Charles (2017) “Xi Jinping Signals Departure from Low-Profile Policy,” Financial Times, 20 October.Google Scholar
Cohn, Margit (2010) “Legal Transplant Chronicles: The Evolution of Unreasonableness and Proportionality Review of the Administration in the United Kingdom.” 58 American Journal of Comparative Law 583–630.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Corne, Peter, & Erie, Matthew S. (2019) “China’s Mediation Revolution? Opportunities and Challenges of the Singapore Mediation Convention,” Opinio Juris, 28 August, http://opiniojuris.org/2019/08/28/chinas-media-revolution-opportunities-and-challenges-of-the-singapore-mediation-convention/ (accessed 19 April 2020).Google Scholar
Cotterrell, Roger (2001) “Is There a Logic of Legal Transplants?,” in Nelken, D. & Feest, J., eds., Adapting Legal Cultures, Oxford: Hart Publishing, 70–92.Google Scholar
Crouch, Melissa (2018) “The Prerogative Writs as Constitutional Transfer.” 38 Oxford Journal of Legal Studies 653–75.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
deLisle, Jacques (1999) “Lex Americana? United States Legal Assistance, American Legal Models, and Legal Change in the Post-Communist World and Beyond.” 20 University of Pennsylvania Journal of International Economic Law 179–308.Google Scholar
Deschamps, Isabelle (2012) “Commercial Law Reform in Africa: A Means of Socio-Economic Development, but for Whom? Perspective of Women Entrepreneurs in Benin,” in Laryea, E. T., Madolo, N., & Sucker, F., eds., International Economic Law: Voices of Africa, Cape Town: Siberlnk, 212–51.Google Scholar
Đinh, Trường Hinh (2018) “Các đặc khu kinh tế có cần thiết cho kinh tế Việt Nam [Are SEZs Necessary for the Vietnamese Economy?],” Người Đô thị, 2 June, https://nguoidothi.net.vn/cac-dac-khu-kinh-te-co-can-thiet-cho-kinh-te-viet-nam-14073.html (accessed 19 April 2020).Google Scholar
Do, Hai Ha (2016) “The Dynamics of Legal Transplantation: Regulating Industrial Conflicts in Post-Đổi mới Vietnam.” PhD diss., University of Melbourne.Google Scholar
Do, Hai Ha, & Nicholson, Pip (2020) “Vietnamese Deliberative Authoritarianism and Legality,” in Fu, H. & Chen, W., eds., Authoritarian Legality in Asia: Formation, Development and Transition, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Drafting Committee (2017a) Detailed Explanation of the Bill on Special Administrative-Economic Units, 9 September.Google Scholar
Drafting Committee (2017b) Report on Review of Operation of Industrial Parks, Economic Zones and Similar Models, 30 August.Google Scholar
Drafting Committee (2017c) Report on the Review of the International Experience in Constructing, Developing and Managing SEZs and Similar Models, 9 October.Google Scholar
Du, Ming (2014) “China’s State Capitalism and World Trade Law.” 63 International and Comparative Law Quarterly 409–48.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Duiker, William J. (2000) Ho Chi Minh: A Life, Crows Nest, Sydney: Allen & Unwin.Google Scholar
Erie, Matthew S. (2019) “Anticorruption as Transnational Law: The Foreign Corrupt Practices Act and Party Rules in China.” 67 American Journal of Comparative Law: 233–79.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Erie, Matthew S. (2020) “The New Legal Hubs: The Emergent Landscape of International Commercial Dispute Resolution.” 60 Virginia Journal of International Law: 225–98.Google Scholar
Erie, Matthew S. (forthcoming) “Chinese Law and Development,” Harvard International Law Journal.Google Scholar
Ewald, William (1995) “Comparative Jurisprudence (II): The Logic of Legal Transplants.” 43 American Journal of Comparative Law 489–510.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Feldman, Eric A. (1994) “Legal Transplants, Organ Transplants: The Japanese Experience.” 3 Social and Legal Studies 71–91.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fu, Hualing, & Jason, Buhi (2018) “Diverging Trends in Socialist Constitutionalism,” in Fu, H., Gillespie, J., Nicholson, P., & Partlett, W., eds., Socialist Law in Socialist East Asia, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 135–63.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Garver, John W. (2016) China’s Quest: The History of the Foreign Relations of the People’s Republic of China, Oxford: Oxford University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gillespie, John (2005) “Changing Concepts of Socialist Law in Vietnam,” in Gillespie, J. & Nicholson, P., eds., Asian Socialism and Legal Change: The Dynamics of Vietnamese and Chinese Reform, Canberra, ACT: Australian National University E Press, 45–75.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gillespie, John (2006) Transplanting Commercial Law Reform: Developing a “Rule of Law” in Vietnam, Aldershot: Ashgate Publishing.Google Scholar
Gillespie, John (2007) “Understanding Legality in Vietnam,” in Balme, S. & Sidel, M., eds., Vietnam’s New Order: International Perspectives on the State and Reform in Vietnam, Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan, 137–61.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gillespie, John, & Chen, Albert H. Y. (2010a) “Comparing Legal Development in China and Vietnam: An Introduction,” in Gillespie, J. & Chen, A. H. Y., eds., Legal Reforms in China and Vietnam: A Comparison of Asian Communist Regimes, New York: Routledge, 1–26.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gillespie, John, & Chen, Albert H. Y., eds. (2010b) Legal Reforms in China and Vietnam: A Comparison of Asian Communist Regimes, New York: Routledge.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Groffman, Nicholas. (2018) “Why English Law Could Rule on China’s Belt and Road Disputes,” South China Morning Post, 6 March, http://www.scmp.com/week-asia/opinion/article/2135329/why-english-law-could-rule-chinas-belt-and-road-disputes (accessed 19 April 2020).Google Scholar
Guangming ribao pinglunyuan (光明日报评论员) [Guangming Paper Commentator] (2019) Jianchi he wanshan duli zizhu de heping waijiao zhengce (坚持和完善独立自主的和平外交政策) [Uphold and perfect an Independent Foreign Policy of Peace], Zhonggong zhongyang dangxiao guojia xingzheng xueyuan (中共中央党校) [Party School of the Central Committee of the CCP National Academy of Governance], 13 November, http://www.ccps.gov.cn/llwx/201911/t20191113_135880.shtml (accessed 19 April 2020).Google Scholar
Harding, Andrew (2018) “Multi-Level, Recursive Law and Development: Singapore’s Legal Role in ASEAN.” 5 Asian Journal of Law and Society 251–69.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hart, Herbert L. A. (1970) “Introduction,” in Bentham, J., ed., Of Laws in General, London: Athlone Press, i–xliii.Google Scholar
He, Xin (2014) “Administrative Reconsideration’s Erosion of Administrative Litigation in China.” 2 The Chinese Journal of Comparative Law 252–69.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ho, Engseng (2017) “Inter-Asian Concepts for Mobile Societies.” 76 The Journal of Asian Studies 907–28.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hồ, Quốc Tuấn (2017) “Đặc khu hành chính-kinh tế: một trào lưu không có gì đặc biệt [“Special Administrative-Economic Zones: Nothing Special about this Trend],” Thời báo Kinh tế Sài Gòn, 12 December, https://www.thesaigontimes.vn/164347/Dac-khu-hanh-chinh-kinh-te-mot-trao-luu-khong-co-gi-dac-biet (accessed 19 April 2020).Google Scholar
Hồ, Quốc Tuấn (2018) “Cái giá của đặc khu kinh tế [The Price of SEZs],” Thời báo Kinh tế Sài Gòn, 7 June, https://www.thesaigontimes.vn/273572/cai-gia-cua-dac-khu-kinh-te.html (accessed 19 April 2020).Google Scholar
Hoàng, Phú, & Minh, Tiến (2018) “Trung Quốc đã làm gì ở các đặc khu châu Phi? [What Did China Do in African SEZs?],” Pháp luật thành phố Hồ Chí Minh, 8 June, https://plo.vn/van-hoa/ho-so-phong-su/trung-quoc-da-lam-gi-o-cac-dac-khu-chau-phi-774833.html (accessed 19 April 2020).Google Scholar
Hurst, William (2018) Ruling Before the Law: The Politics of Legal Regimes in China and Indonesia, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Huxley, Andrew (2007) “Jeremy Bentham on Legal Transplants.” 2 Journal of Comparative Law 177–88.Google Scholar
Huyền, Trang (2018a) “Dự án Luật Đặc khu: Thuận lợi trong kinh doanh quan trọng hơn ưu đãi kinh tế [The SEZs Bill: The Ease of Doing Business Is More Important Than Economic Incentives],” Diễn đàn Doanh nghiệp, 26 May, https://enternews.vn/du-an-luat-don-vi-hanh-chinh-kinh-te-dac-biet-van-don-bac-van-phong-phu-quoc-thuan-loi-kinh-doanh-quan-trong-hon-uu-dai-kinh-te-129810.html (accessed 19 April 2020).Google Scholar
Huyền, Trang (2018b) “Nếu quá cầu toàn khi xây dựng, Luật Đặc khu có thể làm mất đi cơ hội của đất nước [The Country May Loose Opportunities If [We] Are Too Cautious in Making the SEZs Law],” Diễn đàn Doanh nghiệp, 18 May, https://enternews.vn/bo-truong-nguyen-chi-dung-neu-qua-cau-toan-khi-xay-dung-luat-dac-khu-co-the-lam-mat-di-co-hoi-cua-dat-nuoc-129425.html (accessed 19 April 2020).Google Scholar
Institute for New Structural Economics (2019) “International Development Cooperation,” http://www.nse.pku.edu.cn/en/policy/internaration/index.htm (accessed 17 October 2019).Google Scholar
Jia, Mark (2016) “Chinese Common Law? Guiding Cases and Judicial Reform.” 129 Harvard Law Review 2213–34.Google Scholar
K, Nam (2018) “Đặc khu có nên cho nhà đầu tư thuê đất 99 năm? [Should SEZs Allow 99-Year Land Leases for Investors?],” Tuổi trẻ, 3 June, https://tuoitre.vn/dac-khu-co-nen-cho-nha-dau-tu-thue-dat-99-nam-2018060309491778.htm (accessed 19 April 2020).Google Scholar
Kahn-Freund, Sir Otto (1974) “On Uses and Misuses of Comparative Law.” 37 Modern Law Review 1–27.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kaneko, Yuka (2010) “A Procedural Approach to Judicial Reform in Asia: Implications from Japanese Involvement in Vietnam.” 23 Columbia Journal of Asian Law 313–55.Google Scholar
Kaneko, Yuka (2019) Civil Law Reforms in Post-Colonial Asia: Beyond Western Capitalism, Singapore: Springer.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kaneko, Yuka (this symposium issue) “Land Law Reforms in Vietnam and Myanmar: ‘Legal Transplant’ Viewed from Asian Recipients.” Asian Journal of Law and Society.Google Scholar
Karrar, Hasan Haider (2009) New Silk Road Diplomacy: China’s Central Asian Foreign Policy Since the Cold War, Vancouver: UBC Press.Google Scholar
Keller, Perry (1994). “Sources of Order in Chinese Law.” 42 American Journal of Comparative Law 711–59.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kêu gọi phản đối dự thảo Luật đơn vị hành chính-kinh tế đặc biệt (Vân Đồn, Bắc Vân Phong, Phú Quốc)—Đợt 1–8 (Call for Objection to the Bill on Special Administrative-Economic Units (Vân Đồn, Bắc Vân Phong, Phú Quốc)—1st-8th Times), Boxivn.net, 15 June 2018, http://www.boxitvn.net/bai/54908 (accessed 13 January 2020).Google Scholar
Khánh Hoà People’s Committee (2017) Đề án thành lập đơn vị hành chính-kinh tế đặc biệt Bắc Vân Phong thuộc tỉnh Khánh Hoà [Proposal for the Establishment of Bắc Vân Phong Special Administrative-Economic Unit in Khánh Hoà Province], October.Google Scholar
Kiên Giang Province (2017) Đề án thành lập đơn vị hành chính-kinh tế đặc biệt Phú Quốc, tỉnh Kiên Giang [Proposal for the Establishment of Phú Quốc Special Administrative-Economic Unit, Kiên Giang Province], October.Google Scholar
Kiều, Linh (2018) “Lo ngại đặc khu kinh tế sẽ phát sinh ‘cuộc đua xuống đáy’ của ưu đãi” [It Is Worried that SEZs Will Trigger a ‘Race to Bottom’ in Providing Favourable Incentives],” VnEconomy, 18 May, http://vneconomy.vn/lo-ngai-dac-khu-kinh-te-se-phat-sinh-cuoc-dua-xuong-day-cua-uu-dai-20180518115054284.htm (accessed 19 April 2020).Google Scholar
Kim, Hoa (2018) “Đặc khu kinh tế Trung Quốc ở Campuchia [Chinese SEZs in Cambodia],” Đất Việt, 8 June, https://baodatviet.vn/the-gioi/tin-tuc-24h/dac-khu-kinh-te-trung-quoc-o-campuchia-3359607/ (accessed 19 April 2020).Google Scholar
Kingsley, Jeremy J. (2004) “Legal Transplantation: Is This What the Doctor Ordered and are the Blood Types Compatible? The Application of Interdisciplinary Research to Law Reform in the Developing World—A Case Study of Corporate Governance in Indonesia.” 21 Arizona Journal of International and Comparative Law 493–534.Google Scholar
Kong, Qingjiang (2017) “Beyond the Love-Hate Approach?: International Law and International Institutions and the Rising China.” 15 China: An International Journal 41–62.Google Scholar
Krishnan, Jayanth K. (2004) “Professor Kingsfield Goes to Delhi: American Academics, the Ford Foundation, and the Development of Legal Education in India.” 46 American Journal of Legal History 447–99.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kroncke, Jedidiah J. (2016) The Futility of Law and Development: China and the Dangers of Exporting American Law, Oxford: Oxford University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kuong, Teilee (2018) “Legal Assistance in the Japanese ODA: The Spark of a New Era.” 5 Asian Journal of Law and Society 271–87.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lam, Thanh Ha (2019) “Chinese FDI in Vietnam: Trends, Status and Challenges,” ISEAS Perspective, 24 April, https://www.iseas.edu.sg/images/pdf/ISEAS_Perspective_2019_34.pdf (accessed 19 April 2020).Google Scholar
Langer, Máximo (2004) “From Legal Transplants to Legal Translations: The Globalization of Plea Bargaining and the Americanization Thesis in Criminal Procedure.” 45 Harvard International Law Journal 1–64.Google Scholar
Lanteigne, Marc (2005) China and International Institutions: Alternate Paths to Global Power, New York: Routledge.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lê, Hiệp (2018) “Chính phủ đề nghị lùi thời gian thông qua luật đặc khu [The Government Proposes to Delay the Adoption of the SEZs Law],” Thanh Niên, 8 June, https://thanhnien.vn/thoi-su/chinh-phu-de-nghi-lui-thoi-gian-thong-qua-luat-dac-khu-971594.html (accessed 19 April 2020).Google Scholar
Le, Hong Hiep (2018) “The Belt and Road Initiative in Vietnam: Challenges and Prospects,” ISEAS Perspective, 29 March, https://www.iseas.edu.sg/images/pdf/[email protected] (accessed 19 April 2020).Google Scholar
Lê, Ngọc Sơn (2018) “Thử nghiệm thể chế và hai câu hỏi lớn [Institutional Experiment and Two Big Questions],” Người Đô thị, 7 June, https://nguoidothi.net.vn/thu-nghiem-the-che-va-hai-cau-hoi-lon-14009.html (accessed 19 April 2020).Google Scholar
Lê, Quỳnh (2018) “Đặc khu kinh tế: Tại sao có nỗi lo Trung Quốc là mối hoạ lớn [SEZs: Why Is China a Big Threat?],” Người Đô thị, 6 June, https://nguoidothi.net.vn/dac-khu-kinh-te-tai-sao-co-noi-lo-trung-quoc-la-moi-hoa-lon-13995.html (accessed 19 April 2020).Google Scholar
Le, Thanh Vinh (2012) “Competition Law Transfer in Vietnam from an Interpretive Perspective.” PhD diss., Monash University.Google Scholar
Legrand, Pierre (1997) “The Impossibility of ‘Legal Transplants’.” 4 Maastrict Journal of European and Comparative Law 111–24.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lindsey, Timothy, ed. (2007) Law Reform in Developing and Transitional States, London: Routledge.Google Scholar
Lời kêu gọi biểu tình ôn hoà phản đối thông qua Luật Đặc khu [Call for Peaceful Demonstration to Oppose the SEZs Law] (2018), Nhật ký yêu nước Facebook Page, 6 June, https://www.facebook.com/nhatkyyeunuoc1/photos/a.551760078184077/2283645228328878/?type=1&theater (accessed 19 April 2020).Google Scholar
Luân, Dũng (2017) “Ai kiểm soát quyền lực của Trưởng Đặc khu? [Who Will Control the Power of the SEZ President?],” Tiền phong, 11 November, https://www.tienphong.vn/xa-hoi/ai-kiem-soat-quyen-luc-cua-truong-dac-khu-1206546.tpo (accessed 19 April 2020).Google Scholar
Luân, Dũng (2018) “Đặc khu kinh tế: ‘Không đánh đổi chủ quyền lấy phát triển kinh tế’ [SEZs: ‘Don’t Exchange Sovereignty for Economic Growth’],” Tiền phong, 4 April, https://www.tienphong.vn/xa-hoi/dac-khu-kinh-te-khong-danh-doi-chu-quyen-lay-phat-trien-kinh-te-1257900.tpo (accessed 19 April 2020).Google Scholar
Lubman, Stanley (1999) Bird in a Cage: Legal Reform in China After Mao, Stanford: Stanford University Press.Google Scholar
Maosen, Li (2011) “Changing Ideological-Political Orientations in Chinese Moral Education: Some Personal and Professional Reflections.” 40 Journal of Moral Education 387–95.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mathis, Klaus, & Tor, Avishalom, eds. (2016) Nudging—Possibilities, Limitations and Applications in European Law and Economics, Cham: Springer.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Matsuura, Yoshiharu, ed. (2005) The Role of Law in Development: Past, Present and Future, Nagoya: CALE Books.Google Scholar
Mattei, Ugo (1994) “Efficiency in Legal Transplants: An Essay in Comparative Law and Economics.” 14 International Review of Law and Economics 3–19.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Miller, Jonathan M. (2003) “A Typology of Legal Transplants: Using Sociology, Legal History and the Argentine Example to Explain the Transplant Process.” 51 American Journal of Comparative Law 839–85.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nghi, Điềm (2018) “TS Nguyễn Đức Kiên: Đặc khu cho thuê đất 99 năm là vô nghĩa [It’s Nonsense to Lease Land for 99 Years in SEZs],” Nhà Đầu tư, 9 May, https://nhadautu.vn/gap-go-thu-tu-ts-nguyen-duc-kien-dac-khu-cho-thue-dat-99-nam-la-vo-nghia-d9535.html (accessed 19 April 2020).Google Scholar
Nguyễn, Đức (2018) “Luật Đặc khu: Nên hoãn lại để xin ý kiến nhân dân [SEZs Law: Should Be Postponed to Seek People’s Opinions],” Người Đô thị, 7 June, https://nguoidothi.net.vn/luat-dac-khu-nen-hoan-lai-de-xin-y-kien-nhan-dan-14024.html (accessed 19 April 2020).Google Scholar
Nguyen, Khac Vien (1974) Tradition and Revolution in Vietnam, Berkeley: Indochina Resource Center.Google Scholar
Nguyễn, Lê (2018) “Chủ tịch Quốc hội: Phải bàn để ra được luật đặc khu [NA Chairwoman: We Must Discuss to Promulgate the SEZs Law],” VnEconomy, 16 April, http://vneconomy.vn/chu-tich-quoc-hoi-phai-ban-de-ra-duoc-luat-dac-khu-20180416130046666.htm (accessed 19 April 2020).Google Scholar
Nguyen, Ngoc Chu (2018) “Không 99 năm. Không 70 năm. Không đặc khu [No 99 Years. No 70 Years. No SEZs],” Nguyen Ngoc Chu Facebook, 9 June, https://www.facebook.com/chu.nguyenngoc/posts/1335435889923171 (accessed 19 April 2020).Google Scholar
Nguyen, Ngoc Huy, & Tai, Ta Van (1987) The Lê Code, Ohio: Ohio University Press.Google Scholar
Nguyễn, Tiến Lập (2018) “Những băn khoăn về dự thảo luật ‘đặc khu’ [Concerns about the SEZs Bill],” Thời báo kinh tế Sài Gòn, 15 April, https://www.thesaigontimes.vn/271237/Nhung-ban-khoan-ve-du-thao-luat-%E2%80%9Cdac-khu%E2%80%9D.html (accessed 19 April 2020).Google Scholar
Nguyen, Van Cuong (2011) “The Drafting of Vietnam’s Consumer Protection Law: An Analysis from Legal Transplantation Theories.” PhD diss., University of Victoria.Google Scholar
Nichols, Philip M. (1997) “The Viability of Transplanted Law: Kazakhstani Reception of a Transplanted Foreign Investment Code.” 18 University of Pennsylvania Journal of International Law 1235–79.Google Scholar
Nicholson, Penelope (Pip) (2007) Borrowing Court Systems: The Experience of Socialist Vietnam, Leiden: Martinus Nijhoff Publishers.Google Scholar
Nicholson, Pip, & Kuong, Teilee (2014) “Japanese Legal Assistance: An East Asian Model of Legal Assistance and Rule of Law?” 6 Hague Journal on the Rule of Law 141–77.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
P, Thảo (2018) “Thủ tướng: ‘Tôi nhận rất nhiều tin nhắn, thư góp ý về thuê đất tại đặc khu’ [Prime Minister: ‘I Have Received Numerous Messages and Opinion Letters Regarding Land Leases in SEZs’],” Dân trí, 4 June, https://dantri.com.vn/chinh-tri/thu-tuong-toi-nhan-rat-nhieu-tin-nhan-thu-gop-y-ve-cho-thue-dat-tai-dac-khu-20180604105720009.htm (accessed 2 November 2020).Google Scholar
Peerenboom, Randall (2002) China’s Long March toward Rule of Law, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Peerenboom, Randall (2007) China Modernizes: Threat to the West or Model to the Rest? Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Pham, Duy Nghia, & Do Hai, Ha (2018) “The Soviet Legacy and Its Impact on Contemporary Vietnam,” in Fu, H., Gillespie, J., Nicholson, P., et al., eds., Socialist Law in Socialist East Asia, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 97–131.Google Scholar
Pheap, Aun (2019) “Chinese Police Work in Cambodia to Handle Chinese Suspects,” Radio Free Asia, 12 December.Google Scholar
Phương, Nhung (2018) “Lò nóng lắm rồi, đừng thêm củi vào khi đặc khu ra đời [The Oven has Already Been too Hot. Don’t Put more Fire Wood into it upon the Establishment of SEZs],” Người Lao động, 23 May, https://nld.com.vn/chinh-tri/tang-quyen-luc-chu-tich-dac-khu-de-vi-pham-phap-luat-20180523105119059.htm (accessed 19 April 2020).Google Scholar
Potter, Pitman B. (2004) “Legal Reform in China: Institutions, Culture, and Selective Adaptation.” 29 Law and Social Inquiry 465–95.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
QNP (2013a) “Lãnh đạo tỉnh làm việc với đoàn chuyên gia Trường Đại học Thâm Quyến (Trung Quốc) [Provincial Leaders Worked with the Expert Team from Shenzhen University (China)],” https://www.quangninh.gov.vn/pinchitiet.aspx?nid=55202 (accessed 19 April 2020).Google Scholar
QNP (2013b) “Tỉnh Quảng Ninh và Trường Đại học Thâm Quyến (Trung Quốc) ký bản ghi nhớ hợp tác tổ chức hội thảo về KKT và giáo dục đào tạo [Quang Ninh Province and Shenzhen University (China) Signed a Memorandum on Cooperation in the Organisation of the Economic Zone Conference and Education and Training],” https://www.quangninh.gov.vn/pinchitiet.aspx?nid=54565 (accessed 19 April 2020).Google Scholar
Quảng Ninh Province (2017) Đề án thành lập đơn vị hành chính-kinh tế đặc biệt Vân Đồn” [Proposal for the Establishment of Vân Đồn Special Administrative-Economic Unit], September.Google Scholar
Ramos, Lizette (2017) “Legal Challenges for Chinese Investment in Special Economic Zones in Mexico.” 6 International Journal of Management Sciences and Business Research 10–21.Google Scholar
Sannerholm, Richard Z. (2009) “‘Cut-and-Past’? Rule of Law Promotion and Legal Transplants in War to Peace Transitions,” in Engelbrekt, A. B. & Nergelius, J., eds., New Directions in Comparative Law, Cheltenham: Edward Elgar Publishing, 56–80.Google Scholar
Sapio, Flora (2010) Sovereign Power and the Law in China, Leiden: Brill.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sauvant, Karl P. (2019) “China Moves the G20 towards in International Investment Framework and Investment Facilitation,” in Chaisse, J., ed., China’s International Investment Strategy: Bilateral, Regional, and Global Law and Policy, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 311–28.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Seppänen, Samuli (2018) “Chinese Legal Development Assistance: Which Rule of Law? Whose Pragmatism?” 51 Vanderbilt Journal of Transnational Law 101–58.Google Scholar
Shaffer, Gregory, & Gao, Henry S. (2017) “China’s Rise: How It Took on the US at the WTO.” 1 University of Illinois Law Review 115–84.Google Scholar
Shaffer, Gregory, & Gao, Henry S. (2020) “A New Chinese Economic Legal Order.” Journal of International Economic Law.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sherman, Justin (2019) “Vietnam’s Internet Control: Following in China’s Footsteps?” The Diplomat, 11 December, https://thediplomat.com/2019/12/vietnams-internet-control-following-in-chinas-footsteps/ (accessed 19 April 2020).Google Scholar
Sunstein, Cass R., & Thaler, Richard H. (2008) Nudge, New York: Penguin Books.Google Scholar
Taylor, Veronica L. (2005) “New Markets, New Commodity: Japanese Legal Technical Assistance.” 23 Wisconsin International Law Journal 251–81.Google Scholar
Teubner, Gunther (1998) “Legal Irritants: Good Faith in British Law or How Unifying Law Ends up in New Divergences.” 61 The Modern Law Review 11–32.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Thái, Phương (2018) “Chưa rõ cú hích từ đặc khu! [The Nudge from SEZs Is Unclear!],” Người Lao động, 7 June, https://nld.com.vn/kinh-te/chua-nen-thong-qua-luat-dac-khu-chua-ro-cu-hich-tu-dac-khu-20180606214347517.htm (accessed 19 April 2020).Google Scholar
Thul, Prak Chan (2016) “China Agrees to Help Cambodia Overhaul Its Criticized Judiciary,” Reuters, 28 September, https://www.reuters.com/article/us-china-cambodia-idUSKCN11Y17H (accessed 19 April 2020).Google Scholar
Tô, Văn Trường (2018) “TS Tô Văn Trường trả lời phỏng vấn Thời báo Tài chính VN về dự thảo Luật Đặc khu kinh tế [Dr To Van Truong’s Response to an Interview of Vietnam Financial Times Regarding the SEZs Bill],” Bauxite Vietnam, 4 June, https://www.facebook.com/permalink.php?story_fbid=10156502232294679&id=85922774678 (accessed 19 April 2020).Google Scholar
Tomiyama, Atsushi (2018) “Vietnam’s Economic Zones Derailed by Anti-China Protests,” Nikkei Asian Review, 3 September, https://asia.nikkei.com/Politics/International-relations/Vietnam-s-economic-zones-derailed-by-anti-China-Protests (accessed 19 April 2020).Google Scholar
Toohey, Lisa, Picker, Colin B., & Greenacre, Jonathan, eds. (2015) China in the International Economic Order: New Directions and Changing Paradigms, New York: Cambridge University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Trần, Văn Thọ (2018) “Ba đặc khu cần trả lời ba câu hỏi [Three SEZs Have to Answer Three Questions],” Người Đô thị, 9 June, https://nguoidothi.net.vn/gs-tran-van-tho-ba-dac-khu-can-tra-loi-ba-cau-hoi-14047.html (accessed 19 April 2020).Google Scholar
Trí, Lâm (2018) “Luật sư Nguyễn Tiến Lập: Mô hình đặc khu đã lỗi thời [Lawyer Nguyễn Tiến Lập: The SEZ Model Is Out-of-Date],” Một thế giới, 31 May, https://www.mtg.com.vn/kinh-te-c-67/luat-su-nguyen-tien-lap-mo-hinh-dac-khu-da-loi-thoi-89267.html (accessed 19 April 2020).Google Scholar
Trubek, David M. (2006) “The ‘Rule of Law’ in Development Assistance: Past, Present, and Future,” in Trubek, D. M. & Santos, A., eds., The New Law and Economic Development: A Critical Appraisal, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 74–94.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Trubek, David M. (2016) “Law and Development: Forty Years after ‘Scholars in Self-Estrangement’.” 66 University of Toronto Law Journal 301–29.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Trubek, David M., & Galanter, Marc (1974) “Scholars in Self-Estrangement: Some Reflections on the Crisis in Law and Development Studies in the United States.” 4 Wisconsin Law Review 1062–102.Google Scholar
Trubek, David M., & Santos, Alvaro (2006) “Introduction: The Third Moment in Law and Development Theory and the Emergence of a New Critical Practice,” in Trubek, M. & Santos, A., eds., The New Law and Economic Development: A Critical Appraisal, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1–19.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Trương, Trọng Nghĩa (2018) “Chưa nên thông qua Luật Đặc khu [The SEZs Law Should Not Be Adopted at this Time],” Người Lao động, 6 June, https://nld.com.vn/kinh-te/chua-nen-thong-qua-luat-dac-khu-2018060521233578.htm (accessed 19 April 2020).Google Scholar
Tư, Hoàng (2014) “Giáo sư—Tiến sĩ Nguyễn Mại: Chúng ta được gì từ đặc khu? [Professor—Dr. Nguyễn Mại: What Can We Get from Special Zones?],” Thời báo Kinh tế Sài Gòn, 10 July, https://www.thesaigontimes.vn/117275/Giao-su—Tien-si-Nguyen-Mai-Chung-ta-duoc-gi-tu-dac-khu (accessed 19 April 2020).Google Scholar
Tuấn, Anh (2014) “Quảng Ninh và Hội thảo Khoa học quốc tế về phát triển đặc khu kinh tế [Quang Ninh and the International Conference on SEZ Development],” Thế giới & Việt Nam, 19 March, https://baoquocte.vn/quang-ninh-va-hoi-thao-khoa-hoc-quoc-te-ve-phat-trien-dac-khu-kinh-te-23579.html (accessed 19 April 2020).Google Scholar
UN Convention on International Settlement Agreements Resulting from Mediation (New York, 2018) (the “Singapore Convention on Mediation”), adopted 20 December 2018, https://uncitral.un.org/en/texts/mediation/conventions/international_settlement_agreements (accessed 31 March 2020).Google Scholar
UN Office for South-South Cooperation and the UN Development Programme (2019) South-South Ideas: Report on the Potential for Monitoring and Evaluation of Special Economic Zones in Bangladesh, New York: UN.Google Scholar
UNCTAD Investment Policy Hub (2020) “China: Bilateral Investment Treaties and Treaties with Investment Provisions,” https://investmentpolicy.unctad.org/international-investment-agreements/countries/42/china (accessed 31 March 2020).Google Scholar
UNDP International Poverty Reduction Center (2015) If Africa Builds Nests, Will the Birds Come? Comparative Study on Special Economic Zones in Africa and China, Beijing: UNDP.Google Scholar
Văn, Duẩn (2018) “Thượng tướng Nguyễn Văn Được: Mong Đảng và Nhà nước thận trọng xem xét Luật Đặc khu [Colonel General Nguyễn Văn Được: I Hope that the Party and State Consider the SEZs Law with Caution],” Người Lao động, 7 June, https://nld.com.vn/chinh-tri/thuong-tuong-nguyen-van-duoc-mong-dang-va-nha-nuoc-than-trong-xem-xet-luat-dac-khu-2018060716212486.htm (accessed 19 April 2020).Google Scholar
van Rooij, Benjamin (2006) Regulating Land and Pollution in China, Lawmaking, Compliance, and Enforcement; Theory and Cases, Leiden: Leiden University Press.Google Scholar
Võ, Nguyên Giáp (1995) Chiến đấu Trong Vòng vây [Fighting within an Encirclement], Hanoi: Nhà xuất bản Quân đội nhân dân.Google Scholar
Vũ, Mạnh, & Thảo, Phương (2017) “Đặc khu kinh tế Trung Quốc: Hào quang và nước mắt ở Thâm Quyến [Chinese SEZs: Haloes and Tears in Shenzhen],” Zing.vn, 15 August, https://zingnews.vn/dac-khu-kinh-te-trung-quoc-hao-quang-va-nuoc-mat-o-tham-quyen-post771140.html (accessed 19 April 2020).Google Scholar
Vu, Thanh Tu Anh (2018) “Mô hình đơn vị hành chính-kinh tế đặc biệt [The Special Administrative-Economic Unit],” Vu Thanh Tu Anh Facebook, 4 June, https://www.facebook.com/permalink.php?story_fbid=2144183135652672&id=100001830205620 (accessed 19 April 2020).Google Scholar
Wang, Enbo (2019) “Zhongguo jinchukou yinhang ‘yidaiyilu’ jianshe daikuan yu’e chao wan yi yuan [China Exim Bank’s ‘Belt and Road’ Construction Loan Balance Exceeds RMB 1 Trillion],” 18 April, https://baijiahao.baidu.com/s?id=1631156327348679751&wfr=spider&for=pc (accessed 2 November 2020).Google Scholar
Wang, Heng (2018) “China’s Approach to the Belt and Road Initiative: Scope, Character and Sustainability.” 22 Journal of International Economic Law 29–55.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Watson, Alan (1993a) “Afterword,” in Legal Transplants: An Approach to Comparative Law, Athens and London: University of Georgia Press, 107–18.Google Scholar
Watson, Alan (1993b) Legal Transplants: An Approach to Comparative Law, Athens and London: University of Georgia Press.Google Scholar
Xinlang Caijing (Sina Finance) (2019) “Shangwubu: Zhongguo qiye dui: ‘Yidaiyilu’ yanxian guojia de touzi leiji yichao 1000 yi meiyuan [Ministry of Commerce: Chinese Enterprises Have Invested More than $100 Billion in Countries along the ‘Belt and Road’],” Sina Finance, 29 September, https://baijiahao.baidu.com/s?id=1646002733632323146&wfr=spider&for=pc (accessed 2 November 2020).Google Scholar
Zeng, Douglas Zhihua (2016) Global Experiences with Special Economic Zones: Focus on China and Africa, World Bank Policy Research Working Paper No. 7240.Google Scholar
Zheng, Henry R. (1987) “Law and Policy of China’s Special Economic Zones and Coastal Cities.” 8 New York Law School Journal of International and Comparative Law: 193–296.Google Scholar
Zhonggong zhongyang (中共中央) [Central Committee of the CCP] (2014) Guanyu quanmian tuijin yifazhiguo ruogan zhongda wenti de jueding (关于全面推进依法治国若干重大问题的决定) [Decision on Several Important Issues Concerning the Comprehensive Promotion of Governing the Country According to Law], adopted at the Fourth Plenary Session of the Eighteenth Central Committee of the CCP on 23 October 2014, http://china.caixin.com/2014–10–28/100744069_all.html (accessed 19 April 2020).Google Scholar

Vietnamese Policy and Legal Documents

Bill on Special Administrative-Economic Units (2018) Draft submitted to the 5th Session of the 14th National Assembly (15 June).Google Scholar
Constitution 2013.Google Scholar
CPV (1997) Resolution No. 04-NQ/HNTW on Furthering Economic Reforms, Making Use of Internal Capacity, Improving the Effectiveness of Economic Cooperation, Saving for Industrialization and Aiming to Achieve Socio-Economic Objectives until 2000 (29 December).Google Scholar
CPV (2011) Socio-Economic Development Strategy 2011–2020 (17 March).Google Scholar
CPV (2016) Report on Review of the Realization of the 2011–2015 Socio-Economic Developmental Tasks and the Orientation and Tasks for Socio-Economic Development in 2016–2020 (29 January).Google Scholar
CPV (2017) Resolution No. 11-NQ/TW on Perfecting Institutions for the Socialist-Oriented Market Economy (3 June).Google Scholar
Government (2017). Submission Paper No. 411/TTr-CP regarding the Bill on Special Administrative-Economic Units (10 October).Google Scholar
Labour Code (Revised) 2006.Google Scholar
Labour Code 2019.Google Scholar
Resolution No. 03/2015/NQ-HDTP of the Judges’ Council of the Supreme People’s Court dated 28 October 2015.Google Scholar
Resolution No. 04/2019/NQ-HDTP of the Judges’ Council of the Supreme People’s Court dated 18 June 2019.Google Scholar

Interviews

Interview with A (Hanoi, 8 January 2020).Google Scholar
Interview with B (Hanoi, 9 January 2020).Google Scholar
Interview with C (HCMC, 11 February 2020).Google Scholar
Interview with D (HCMC, 25 February 2020).Google Scholar
Interview with E (Hanoi, 7 January 2020).Google Scholar
Interview with F (Hanoi, 7 January 2020).Google Scholar
Interview with G(Hanoi, 7 January 2020).Google Scholar
Interview with H (Hanoi, 8 January 2020).Google Scholar
Interview with I (HCMC, 12 February 2020).Google Scholar
Interview with J (HCMC, 23 February 2020).Google Scholar
Interview with K (HCMC, 13 March 2020).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Interview with L (HCMC, 19 February 2020).CrossRefGoogle Scholar