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Human Rights in North Korea and the U.S. Strategy of Linkage

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  07 May 2025

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Though it would be difficult to find anyone in the United States who would praise North Korea for its dismal human rights record, this consensus by no means extends to practical foreign policy. In other words, there is broad agreement on what is wrong in North Korea, from the political labor camps to the lack of basic freedoms of speech and assembly, but little agreement on what to do about it or who should be doing it.

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Research Article
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This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-No Derivatives licence (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/), which permits non-commercial re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is unaltered and is properly cited. The written permission of Cambridge University Press must be obtained for commercial re-use or in order to create a derivative work.
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Copyright © The Authors 2006

References

End Notes

1. James Mann, The Rise of the Vulcans (New York: Viking, 2004).

2. Jackson worked particularly hard to undercut the SALT (Strategic Arms Limitation Talks) process. See Seymour Hersh, The Price of Power (New York: Summit, 1983), pp. 547-8, 558-9.

3. “Special Press Briefing by Assistant Secretary of State for East Asian and Pacific Affairs Christopher R. Hill on Upcoming Resumption of the Six-Party Talks,” Office of the Spokesman, U.S. Department of State, September 9, 2005.

4. “Rice Denies Using Food Aid as Diplomatic Tool,” Japan Today, September 10, 2005.

5. Stephan Haggard and Marcus Noland, Hunger and Human Rights: The Politics of Famine (Washington: U.S. Committee for Human Rights in North Korea, September 2005).

6. The North Korea Advisory Group (NKAG) included Benjamin Gilman (R-NY) and Christopher Cox (R-CA). NKAG's final 1999

7. See Karin Lee and Adam Miles, “North Korea on Capitol Hill,” Asian Perspective, vol. 28, no. 4, 2004.

8. “President Sworn In to Second Term,”Office of the Press Secretary, January 20, 2005.

9. For more details, see John Feffer, “All Democracy, All the Time,” Salon, March 15, 2005.

10. Ariel Cohen and Helle Dale, “The ADVANCE Democracy Act: A Dose of Realism Needed,” Executive Memorandum 968, April 8, 2005.

11. Confidential interviews with those involved in the report: “Human Rights in the Democratic People's Republic of Korea (North Korea),” Minnesota Lawyers International Human Rights Committee and Human Rights Watch/Asia, December 1988.

12. See reports from Amnesty International and more recent reports from Human Rights Watch.

13. David Hawk, The Hidden Gulag: Exposing North Korea's Prison Camps, (Washington: U.S. Committee for Human Rights in North Korea, 2003).

14. Michael Horowitz, “How to Win Friends and Influence Culture,” Christianity Today, September 2005.

15. Gordon Cucullu, “Sharansky Takes on North Korea,” North Korea Freedom Coalition website, July 5, 2005.

16. David Kirkpatrick, “Christian Groups Press Bush About North Korea,” New York Times, August 9, 2005.

17. “U.S., Principal Violator of Human Rights,” Korean Central News Agency, December 9, 2005.

18. Amartya Sen, Development as Freedom (New York: Anchor, 2000).