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Grassroots Struggle in the US and Okinawa: The Visible and the Invisible

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  14 March 2025

Heianna Sumiyo ,
Gavan McCormack  and
Norma Field
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Who could fail to be deeply moved on watching the recent events at Standing Rock, North Dakota, when on December 4 the Army Corps of Engineers ordered a halt to the planned construction of an oil pipeline beneath the waters and soil of the Standing Rock Sioux Tribe following months of confrontation and attempts by the American state, bolstered by private security firms, to evict the “water protectors” encampment by force and to crush the resistance?

Type
Research Article
Information
Asia-Pacific Journal , Volume 14 , Issue 24 , December 2016 , e6
Creative Commons
Creative Common License - CCCreative Common License - BYCreative Common License - NCCreative Common License - ND
This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-No Derivatives licence (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/), which permits non-commercial re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is unaltered and is properly cited. The written permission of Cambridge University Press must be obtained for commercial re-use or in order to create a derivative work.
Copyright
Copyright © The Authors 2016

References

Notes

1 The Standing Rock Sioux have been emphatic about their identity as protectors (of their sacred lands and their drinking water, of “mother earth”), not protestors. Their slogan “Water is life” is replicated almost identically by the Fukushima activists summarily dismissed in their attempts to block Tepco's contamination of the Pacific.

2 “Environmentalists target bankers behind pipeline,” New York Times, 7 November 2016.

3 “Trump supports completion of Dakota Access Pipeline,” Reuters, 5 December 2016.

4 “We thank the tribal youth who initiated this movement,” David Archambault II, tribal chairman. http://standwithstandingrock.net/standing-rock-sioux-tribes-statement-u-s-army-corps-engineers-decision-not-grant-easement/

5 See, inter alia, “Raise and Support,” Slate.com, 13 December 2016.

6 “Veterans apologize to Sioux tribe at Standing Rock Forgiveness Ceremony,” You-tube, 6 December 2016.

7 DDE [Dwight David Eisenhower, then president], “Memorandum for the Record,” 9 April 1958, Foreign Relations of the United States, 1958-60, vol. 18, p. 16.

8 Heianna Sumiyo, “Umuikaji – Takae no arasoi ga mienai riyu,” Okinawa taimusu, 12 December 2016.

9 Rozina Ali, “Will the victory at Standing Rock outlast Obama?” The New Yorker, December 6, 2016.