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“Comfort Women” – New Research from Japan, Singapore, Malaysia, and Indonesia
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 14 March 2025
Abstract
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In this transcription of a webinar from October 2023, speakers Kevin Blackburn (Nanyang Technological University, Singapore), Katharine McGregor (University of Melbourne, Australia), and Sachiyo Tsukamoto (University of Newcastle, Australia) talk about their new books on the “comfort women.”
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References
1 In this transcript, we put quotation marks around the term “comfort women” the first time it is mentioned to acknowledge it as a euphemism and controversial term.
2 See, for example, Chunghee Sarah Soh. “The Korean ‘Comfort Women’: Movement for Redress.” Asian Survey, 36:12 (1996): 1226–1240; Mary M. McCarthy. “The Creation and Utilization of Opportunity Structures for Transnational Activism on WWII Sexual Slavery in Asia.” In Agency in Transnational Memory Politics, edited by Jenny Wüstenberg and Aline Sierp, 113-134. Oxford: Berghahn Books, 2020.
3 See Caroline Norma (2016) The Japanese comfort women and sexual slavery during the China and Pacific wars. New York: Bloomsbury Academic; and VAWWRAC (ed.) (2015) Nihonjin ‘ianfu’: Aikokushin to jinshin baibai to [Japanese ‘comfort women’: Nationalism and trafficking ]. Tokyo: Gendai Shokan.
4 Hirota K (2009) Shōgen kiroku jūgun ianfu/kangofu: Senjo ni ikita onna no dokoku [Testimonial records of military comfort women/nurses: Lamentations of the women who lived at the front]. Tokyo: Shinjinbutsuōraisha.
5 Shirota Suzuko (1971) Maria no sanka [Maria's song of praise]. Tokyo, Japan: Kanita Shuppanbu.
6 Peter Guardino (2014) Gender, soldiering, and citizenship in the Mexican-American War of 1846–1848. American Historical Review, 119(1), 23–46.
7 Eve Kosofsky Sedgwick (2015) Between men: English literature and male homosocial desire. New York, NY: Columbia University Press.
8 See, for example, Katharine McGregor. “Cold War scripts: Comparing remembrance of the Malayan Emergency and the 1965 violence in Indonesia.” South East Asia Research, 24:2 (2016): 242–260; Saskia Eleonora Wieringa. “Sexual Slander and the 1965/66 Mass Killings in Indonesia: Political and Methodological Consideration.” Journal of Contemporary Asia, 41:4 (2011): 544–565.
9 Margaret E. Keck and Kathryn A. Sikkink. Activists Beyond Borders. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 1998.
10 See Sachiyo Tsukamoto. “The counter-boomerang effect of transnational revisionist activism on the memory of ‘comfort women’.” Memory Studies, 15:6 (2022): 1346–1359.
11 Tomomi Yamaguchi (2020) The “History Wars” and the “Comfort Woman” Issue: The Significance of Nippon Kaigi in the Revisionist Movement in Contemporary Japan. In: Pyong Gap Min, Thomas R. Chung and Sejung Sage Yim (eds) The Transnational Redress Movement for the Victims of Japanese Military Sexual Slavery: The Transnational Redress Movement for the Victims. Berlin, Boston: De Gruyter Oldenbourg, pp. 233–260. https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110643480-013
12 This refers to the Women's International War Crimes Tribunal on Japan's Military Sexual Slavery.
13 See, for example, Hirofumi Hayashi. “Japanese comfort women in Southeast Asia.” Japan Forum. 10:2 (1998): 211–219.
14 See Sachiyo Tsukamoto. “A More Miserable Life than Living in the Jungle: A Japanese ‘Comfort Woman’ Story.” Gender & History, 35:1 (2023): 305–322.
15 Tuminah's life story was the subject of a film by Indonesian film-maker and activist Fanny Chotimah called TUM (2013).
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