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The Cliveden Album II: nineteenth-century and miscellaneous drawings
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 11 April 2016
Extract
The history of the Cliveden album and its rediscovery was given in the last issue oi Architectural History, when the twenty-one architectural drawings relating to the ist Earl of Orkney’s garden buildings and proposed alterations to the house were catalogued and illustrated. The remaining twenty-seven drawings discussed here fall into three main groups: nineteenth-century designs for Cliveden itself (by Charles Barry, Robert Edis and, possibly, Henry Clutton), to which have here been added, for the sake of continuity, Burn’s drawings for the rebuilding of 1827 (in the RIBA Drawings Collection); second, some drawings for Taplow Court made about 1743 for the Earl of Inchiquin by Stiff Leadbetter; and third, a small number of schemes for other houses – a plan related to Duff House, Banffshire, in the style of Roger Morris, four ground plans related to Chicheley Hall in Buckinghamshire, here attributed to Thomas Archer, c. 1719-23, and a set of designs for a small villa commissioned by Sir George Warrender from James Gillespie (later Gillespie Graham) in 1819.
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- Research Article
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- Copyright © Society of Architectural Historians of Great Britain 1977
References
Notes
1 Colen Campbell, Vitruvius Britannicus, ii (1717), pl. 70–71.
2 I am greatly indebted to Mrs Sarah Markham for permission to quote from her ancestor John Loveday’s unpublished travel diaries.
3 National Library of Scotland, MS 1033.
4 The extent of the fire is described in the diaries of Mrs Lybbe Powis, ed. Climenson (1899), p. 115
5 An engraving of Burn’s house, from the opposite bank of the Thames, appears in the Illustrated London News, 24 November 1849.
6 Country Life, clxi (1977), p-441, fig. 14
7 RIBA Drawings Collection, E4/42 and J. Summerson, John Nash (1935), pl.vi.
8 Information kindly supplied by Mr H. M. Colvin. Shaw’s design is mentioned by Hakewill in the History of Windsor (1813), p.319, and was exhibited at the Royal Academy in the same year. Nicholson’s was apparently for a castellated house. He also designed a ‘tea-house’ in 1813, part of the present Spring Cottage. See note 23 below.
9 Burn’s offices were then at No. 131 George Street, Edinburgh; he had already, in 1823, designed a house for Sir George’s brother, Capt. John Warrender, at Lochend, East Lothian, for which a preliminary design is in the RIBA Drawings Collection. Burn’s Cliveden drawings are also in the Collection (Arc. Ill, 63-68), wrongly identified in the printed catalogue as ‘Clifden, Co Galway’.
10 Jackson-Stops, G., ‘Cliveden -I’, Country Life, clxi, 3 March 1977, fig. 13.Google Scholar
11 Illustrated London News, loc. cit.
12 Some abstracts of the relevant building accounts can be found in the Stafford shire Record Office D593/R/1/17/6-9. Apart from the drawings in the Cliveden album, four other designs by Barry for the house exist in the RIBA Collection (C4/14 a, b, e, f): two preliminary elevations for the south front and two interior designs for parts of the library and drawing-room.
13 Rev. Barry, Alfred, The Life and Works of Sir Charles Barry (1867), pp. 119–122.Google Scholar
14 Builder, viii, 6 July 1850.
15 Lord Ronald, Gower, My Reminiscences (1883), p. 15.Google Scholar
16 Noticed by Sir Lawrence Weaver in Country Life, xxxii, 7 & 14 December 1912.
17 Illustrated in M. Girouard, The Victorian Country House (1971), fig. 101.
18 Barry, op. cit., p. 119.
19 E.g. Lord Ronald Gower, op. cit.
20 A preliminary design in his hand is reproduced in G. Jackson-Stops, ‘Formal Garden Designs for Cliveden’, National Trust Yearbook 1976–77, fig. 19.
21 Op. cit., pp. 24-28; a photograph album still at Cliveden also shows many of the interiors in the Sutherlands’ day.
22 Walter Godfrey’s monograph on Devey in the RIBA Journal, xii, 29 September 1906, p. 512, talks of ‘various works in the Village of Strathpeffer, N.B.’ on the Dunrobin estate.
23 Two details of the original ‘tea-house’ are illustrated in Nicholson’s Architectural Dictionary of 1819.I am indebted to Mr Giles Eyre for this information.
24 Staffs Record Office, D593/5/1/12/5/1, signed ‘George Devey architect / 16 Great Marlborough Street’.
25 See especially NoS77-78 (photographs), and 1757 a &b (elevations); 1758, 1760 and 4062 probably also relate to Qiveden. I am indebted to Mrs Jill Allibone for drawing my attention to these; Walter Godfrey, op. cit., implies that Devey built other estate cottages at Cliveden besides those on the river: ‘At Cliveden … some very delightful lodges, both thatched and tiled, some of which are to be seen nestling beneath the wealth of foliage that hangs over the Thames.’ Mrs Allibone has identified Seven Gable Cottages, Ferry Cottage, New Cottage (now missing its veranda and the windows altered) and Rose Cottage as Devey’s work, attributing the boathouse to him also. A small and very rough pen and ink sketch of this is in the Cliveden album (p. 84), entitled ‘Sketch for a Boat House with a Gallery.’
26 Walter Godfrey, op. cit., p. 522: ‘The Duke of Westminster, who was by this time the possessor of Cliveden, and Sir George Mellish, of Worksop Priory, were valuable clients’. See list of cottages given in the previous note; it is at present difficult to separate those built for the Sutherlands and those for the Westminsters.
27 The tenders ‘for new Clock Tower etc … at Cliefden … Mr. Henry Clutton architect, 9 New Burlington Street …’ were published in the Building News,1 March 1861, p. 193.
28 Clutton was the author of Remarks… on the Domestic Architecture of France from … Charles VI to … Louis XII, published in 1853; it should also be remem bered that he retained the services of William Burges between 1851 and 1856. A list of his works by Professor Stephen Welsh is in the RIB A Library.
29 According to Huxley, Gervase, Victorian Duke (1967), p. 92Google Scholar, the Duke inherited rather than purchased Cliveden; but this in contradicted by his brother-in-law Lord Ronald Gower, op. cit.
30 Clutton’s estimate, dated 24 December 1869, and his statement of account, dated 23 June 1870, are in the possession of the present Viscount Astor, to whom I am indebted for this information and for permission to publish it; this work is not mentioned in Professor Welsh’s list.
31 Typed memorandum by Lord Astor of his changes to Cliveden, c. 1920 (National Trust).
32 The Octagon Temple was converted into a chapel by removing the floor between the two rooms, and the mosaics which now cover the walls were carried out by Clayton & Bell. Inside the house much of the decoration was designed by J. D. Crace (RIBA Drawings Collection, V 11/46).
33 An engraving of Shardeloes appears on p.23 of the Cliveden album.
34 There are a number of early eighteenth-century surveys of Taplow Court and its surroundings in the Cliveden album (pp.92, 93, 99, 102 & 103V) showing the outline of the house, but not the ground plan.
35 See correspondence in the National Library of Scotland, MS 1033, quoted in Country Life, clxi, 3 March 1977 (loc. cit.); this would also explain why a design for topiary by the Scottish draughtsman Alexander Edward (one of the Earl of Panmure’s protégés) should appear in the Cliveden album.
36 Adam, William, Vitruvius Scoticus (1810), p. 147.Google Scholar
37 Lindsay, Ian & Cosh, Mary, Inveraray and the Dukes of Argyll (1973), fig. 18, P.43.Google Scholar
38 Binney, Marcus, ‘Chicheley Hall, Buckinghamshire I’, Country Life, clvii (1975) pp. 378–381Google Scholar; the Smith accounts were first published by Mrs Joan Tanner in Records of Buckinghamshire (1961).
39 Obituary in the Builder, xiii (1855), p. 166.Google Scholar