^{page 441 note a} See Tacitus, Hist. iv. 82.

^{page 441 note b} If Hadrian's Letter, quoted by Vopiscus in his life of Saturninus (Historiæ Aug. Scriptores), is to be trusted this worship had contaminated even Christianity and Judaism. Compare Gibbon, c. xxviii. n. 42.

^{page 441 note c} Pausanias's work occupied many years. He flourished in the reign of Hadrian, but his 8th Book was written after a.d. 176. (See Clinton, Fasti Rom., years 125–176.) Cf. Pausanias, i. 18. 4; ii. 4. 6; II. 38. 10; iii. 14. 5. (νεώτατον τοῦτο Σπατιάταις ἱεόν). iii. 25. 10; iv. 32. 6; vii. 21. 13; ix. 24. I.

^{page 441 note d} Catullus, x. 26.

^{page 441 note e} Strabo (xvii. I.) speaking of the exports of Alexandria exceeding the imports, says, γνοίη δ' ἄν τις ἕν τε τῇ Ἀλεξανδεία καὶ ἐν τῇ Δικαιαρχίᾳ γενόμενος ὁῶν τἃς ὁλκάδας. Compare Seneca, Epist. lxxvii. Suetonius, Octav. 98. Acts of Apostles, xxviii. 11–14.

^{page 442 note a} English Ed. Præf. p. 14.

^{page 442 note b} L'Antico marmo scritto appartenente alla Colonia di Pozzuoli. Firenze, 1826.

^{page 442 note c} Orelli, Inscript. Collectio, vol. ii. p. 154, No. 3697.

^{page 442 note d} The year before Marius's triumph over the Cimbri.

^{page 442 note e} Rufinus, II. 23. Rufinus visited Alexandria about 371 a.d. The Serapeum was destroyed in 390.

^{page 443 note a} There is difficulty in ascertaining the precise meaning of these words. Exedra occurs in a passage of Ulpian, Dig. ix. tit. 3. 1. 5. “Ex cujus cubiculo vel exedrâ dejectum est.” Gothofriedus interprets it “cella, qualis sunt cellæ manachorum.” It seems to mean a sitting-room, as opposed to “cubiculum.” The kindred word “exhedrium ” appears to have the same application in Cicero's Letters (ad Famil. vii. 23). “Pastophorion ” may be the apartment of a “pastophorus,” or priest who wore the παστόν, the sacred robe, or a chamber veiled with a curtain closing the entrance. These chambers, and the subterranean arrangements connected with them, afforded the means of carrying on such impostures as that practised on Paulina in the temple of Isis. See Josephus, xviii. c. 4. Compare Gibbon, ch. xxviii.

^{page 443 note b} xxii. 16.

^{page 443 note c} See Gibbon, c. xxvii. Sozomen, vii. 15.

^{page 443 note d} See Strabo, B. xvii. c. i. ὥστε τοὺς ἐλλογιμωτἀτους ἄνδρας πιοτεύειν καὶ ἐγκοιμασθαι αὐτοὺς ὐπὲρ ἑαυτῶν ἢ ἑτέρων. He afterwards describes the utter abandonment of all restraint on the crowds who flocked from Alexandria to Canopus to this temple of Serapis—ανέδην μετὰ τῆς ἐσχάτης ἀκολασίας.

^{page 444 note a} Tacitus, Hist. iv. 84.

^{page 444 note b} Pausanias, viii. 7. 3. Πρὸ Δικαιαρχίας δὲ τῆς Τυρσηνῶν ὔδωρ τε ἐν Φαλάσσῃ εστι χειροποιήτος, ὡς μεδὲ τοῦτο τὸ ὕδωρ ἀργὸν εἶναι, ἀλλά σφισι λουτρὰ θερμά.

^{page 445 note a} Pliny, Hist. Nat. xxxvi. § 64, “Lithostrota cœptavêre (acceptavêre) jam sub Sullâ.”

^{page 445 note b} See above, note c, p. 441.

^{page 445 note c} Baehr, Gesch. der Röm. Lit. 1. 3. 155.

^{page 445 note d} Sylvæ, iv. § 4, 78.

^{page 446 note a} Anthol. Lat. Meyer, No 536.