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XXVI. Observations on a fictile Vase representing the contest of Hercules and Juno, preserved in the Department of Antiquities in the British Museum. By Samuel Birch, Esq.
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 12 June 2012
Extract
The vase which I have taken for the subject of the present paper (see Plate XVIII.) is peculiar for two reasons; from its style and fabric being a transition between those called Corinthian, Nolano-Egyptian, or Phœnician, and for its exhibition of a subject, if not untreated, yet not clearly exhibited by any other monument of ancient art. It is evidently the produce of the furnaces of the Etruscan population, and is a connecting link between the before-mentioned and Tyrrhenian styles. The subject is in black on a pale clay-coloured background, with red and white accessaries; the drawings coarse, with the usual scratched marks, and the principal story a Greek tradition of the Iliad treated in an Italian manner. It was purchased of Signor Campanari, and was, I believe, found at Cære or Agylla.
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References
page 343 note 1 Muller (C. O.) Denkmaler, fig. 289, a, b, c.
page 343 note 2 Schol. ad Pind. Pyth. iv. 290.
page 343 note 3 Odyss. λ. 280.
page 343 note 4 Loc. cit. Schol. ad Od. γ. 4, 5, 6.
page 343 note 5 Cramer, Dr. Thos. Geogr, of Greece, vol. iii. p. 117, is in favour of the Triphylian Pylus.
page 343 note 6 See Cram. loc. cit. Schol. ad Il.
page 343 note 7 Schol. ad Pind. Pyth. iv. 190.
page 343 note 8 Schol. ad Odyss. λ. 280, and 81.
page 343 note 9 Νήλευς Κρηθέως, Paus. ix. 36.
page 343 note 10 Ποσειδώνος καì Τυƍѽ παĩς.
page 343 note 11 Schol. ad λ. 280.; cf. also Homer loc. cit. Also Βασιλεύων Πυλοῡ γύναικα ἔσχεν ἐξ Όρχομένου Χλωρìν Άμɸιόνος τοὔ Ίασίου. Paus. ix. 36.
page 343 note 12 καì γαμει Χλωρὶν τὴν Αμɸιόνος του Ίασίου καὶ Φερσεɸόνης της Μιου θυγάτρος. Schol. ad λ. 280, locus corruptus; some read, Μινυου, but της Δηους or της Διος must be substituted. This was according to Pherecydes.
page 344 note 13 Paus. iv. Mess.
page 344 note 14 Paus. I. Attic.
page 344 note 15 Αἰγεὺς was merely a form of Αἰγαιος. Cf. Lenormant in De Witte, Descr. d'une Coll. de Vases peints, 8vo. Par. 1837, 95 n. The Lat. Myth. Tres. ii. 128. Theseus autem Ægeum patrem tunc marinum deum rogavit, &c.
page 344 note 16 Iliad, λ. 691. Hygin. erroneously makes them only ten.
page 344 note 17 Odyss. λ. 285.
page 344 note 18 Schol. ad loc. cit. Paus. Eliac. II. lib. vi.
page 344 note 19 συνεμαχουν δὲ τω Νήλει τρεις θεοὶ, Ποςειδѽν, Ήρα, Αϊδώνευς. Schol. ad λ. 689.
page 344 note 20 Hes. Scut. Her. l. 360.
page 344 note 21 Hom. E. 391, & sq.
page 344 note 22 Schol. ad Hom. Apollod. ii. 7. Hygin. x.
page 344 note 23 Hom. loc. cit.
page 344 note 24 Paus. iv. Mess.
page 345 note 25 Apollod. ii. 7.
page 345 note 26 Philostr. Heroic. iii. an evident confusion with the oxen of Iphicles, and the war of Hercules against the Thesprotians at Ephyra, in which Juno was wounded. Cf. De Witte, Acad. Roy. de Bruxelles. Hercule and Geryon, p. 9, who cites Ptolem. Hephæst. II. p. 16, ed. Roulez.
page 345 note 27 Clemens. Protrept. c. II. Lips. 8vo. 1831. p. 31. ναὶ μὴν καὶ τὸν Αϊδωνέα ὑπὸ Ήρακλέους τοξευθηναι Όμηρος λέγει (Il. v. 195, et sq.) καὶ τὸν Ήλειον Αὐγέαν Πανύασσις ἱστορει. Cf. Paus. Eliac. ii. lib. ii. Ήλειον Αἵδην.
page 345 note 28 Notwithstanding the Scholiast to Clemens, δαιμών τις ουτος Ήλεῖος Αὑγέας ἐνάντιος τω Πλούτωνι. κ. τ. λ. This would not help the argument of Clemens, which was of the gods being wounded. I therefore propose to read Ηλειον Αἵδην.
τλη δ' Ήρα οτε μἱν κρατέρος παις Αμɸιτρυώνος
δεξιτερὸν κατὰ μάξον οϊστω τƍιγλώχινι
βεβλήκει. E. 392, et seq.
page 345 note 29 De Nat. Deor. cum pelle caprina, cum hasta, scutulo, et cum calceolis repandis.
page 345 note 30 See Rasche, Lex. R. N. ii. p. e. p. 103. Voce Juno Sospita; also Morell. Thes. Num. especially the Procilia, Papia, Julia and Cornuficia families.
page 345 note 31 Paus. I. Attic.
page 345 note 32 Cic. pro Mur. De Nat. deor.
page 345 note 33 Cic. loc. cit.
page 345 note 34 Morell, Thes. p. 415. Coin reading I. S. M. R. Juno Sospita Magna Regina.
page 346 note 35 Liv. xxvi.
page 346 note 36 Dic. Terra-cotten, d. K.M.
page 346 note 37 Varro. V. Macrob. I. c. 11.
page 346 note 38 Macrob. Saturn. I. c. ii.
page 346 note 39 Cato in Origin. Curitim. i. e. hastatam Junonem.
page 346 note 40 Rosin. Antiq. Roman, lib. iv. c. vi. ss. 263.
page 346 note 41 “Lanuvium annosi vetus est tutela draconis,
Hic ubi Tartareæ non perit hora moræ,
Qua sacer abripitur cæco descensus hiatu,” &c.—Prop. IV. Eleg. viii. 2 et sq.
page 346 note 42 Propert. loc. cit.
page 346 note 43 Stat. Theb. iv. 524.
page 346 note 44 Sil. Ital. Punic, xiii. 9.
page 346 note 45 Stat. Silv. v. 83.
page 346 note 46 Virgil. Æn. vi.
page 346 note 47 Such at least was the Argive Juno. Palæph. de Incredib. 51.
page 347 note 48 Paus. III. Lacon. Claud. Rapt. Proserp.
page 347 note 49 Cf. Lycophron, Alexandra, 1. 604, 805, & Tzet. ad eund.
page 347 note 50 Clemens. Protrept. c. ii. s. ii. Lips. 8vo. 1831. p. 31. ἤδη δὲ καῖ Ήραν τὴν Ƨύγιαν ἱστορεῖ ὁ ἀυτὸς οὗτος Πανύασσις ἐν Πυλῷ ἠμαθόεντι. Ovid. Epist. ex Ponto, lib. iv. xvi. 7—9. alludes to Juno. Et, qui Junonem læsisset in Hercule, Carus.
page 347 note 51 Paus. vi. Eliac.; Post. ii.
page 347 note 52 Mionnet, Recueil, Suppl. iv. p. 215. Pylus. Golzius has edited a coin reading Πυλίων, and a bust of Juno Sospita. This bears an extraordinary coincidence with the vase. No coin of this type has been since found. Also coin with head of Juno at same place, Mionnet, ibid. 216.
page 347 note 53 Cf. Paus. iv. Mess. c. 2. Καὶ Νηλέα τὸν Κρηθέως τοῦ Αἰόλου, Ποσειδѽνος δὲ, ἐπίκλησιν. κ. τ. λ
page 348 note 54 Il. x. 145. οἱ δὲ παƍù σκοπιὴν καὶ ἐƍινέον ἠνεμόεντα, et Heyn. Annot. ad eund.
page 348 note 55 II. x. 306.
page 348 note 56 Ibid. 326–7.
page 348 note 57 Cf. the Scut. Hercul. of Hesiod, ll. 168–175, for a contest of boars and lions: these shields if not executed were at least suggested from ancient works of art. Thus the chest of Cypselus abounded in toreutic work, very complicated.