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XLII. Observations on the earliest Introduction of Clocks: By the Honourable Daines Barrington. In a Letter to the Honourable Mr. Justice Blackstone
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 24 July 2012
Extract
As I know you are somewhat interested with regard to the period when those useful measurers of time called clocks were first made, I send you the result of my inquiries on that head, after having consulted most of those treatises which might be supposed to furnish material information.
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- Copyright © The Society of Antiquaries of London 1779
References
page 417 note [a] See Selden in his Pref. to Hengham.
page 417 note [b] Vol. III. p. 408.
page 417 note [c] Mich. 2. Ric. 3.
page 418 note [d] We find that this clock was considered during the reign of Henry VI. to be of such consequence, that the king gave the keeping of it, with the appurtenances, to William Warby, dean of St. Stephen's, together with the pay of 6 d. per diem, to be received at the Exchequer. See Stowe's account of Westminster, vol. II. p. 55. The clock at St. Mary's, Oxford, was also furnished in 1523, out of fines imposed on the students of the university.
page 418 note [e] 3 Inst. 72.
page 418 note [f] 4 Inst. p. 255.
page 419 note [g] Westminster, p. 55, in his additions to Stowe. This clock-house continued in a ruined state till the year 1715.—Antiquarian Repertory, p. 280.
page 419 note [h] Dart's Canterbury, Appendix, p. 3. ex Bibl. Cotton. Galba, E. 4. fol. 103.
It is now in his majesty's possession.
page 420 note [k] Chaucerw as born A. D. 1328, and died in 1400.
page 421 note [l] To the time of Queen Elizabeth clocks were often called orologes;
“He'll watch the horologe a double set,
“If drink rock not his cradle.”
Othello, act ii. sc. 3.
By which the double set of 12 hours on a clock is plainly alluded to, as not many more than 12 can be observed on a dial; and in the same tragedy, this last time-measurer is called by its proper name:
“More tedious than the dial eight-score times.”
Ibid. act iii. sc. 4.
The clock of Wells cathedral is also to this day called the horologe.
page 421 note [m] See Dugd. Orig. Jur. Lydgate, therefore, who wrote before the time of Henry VIII, says,
“I will myself be your orlogere
“To-morrow early.”
Prologue to the Storye of Thebees.
page 422 note [n] Leland de Script. Brit.
page 423 note [o] Froissart, t. ii. ch. 127.
page 423 note [p] Falconet, Mem. de Litt. t. 20.
page 423 note [q] See Carpentier, Art. Horologiator.
page 424 note [r] Mr. Peckett, an ingenious apothecary of Compton-street, Soho, hath shewn me an astronomical clock which belonged to the late Mr. Ferguson, and which still continues to go. The workmanship on the outside is elegant, and it appears to have been made by a German in 1525, by the subjoined inscription in the Bohemian of the time:
IAR. DA. MAHCHT. MICH. IACOB. ZECH.
ZV. PRAG. IST. BAR. DAMAN. ZALT. 1525.
The above englished.
YEAR. WHEN. MADE. ME IACOB. ZECH.
AT. PRAGUE. IS. TRUE. WHEN. COUNTED. 1525.
The diameter of this clock is 9 inches ¾, and the height 5 inches.
page 424 note [s] I am also referred by the Rev. Mr. Bowle, F. S. A. to the following passage in the abridged History of Spain:
“The first clock seen in Spain was set up in the cathedral of Seville 1400.” Vol. I. p. 568.
page 425 note [t] The oldest clock we have in England that is supposed to go tolerably, is of the preceding year, viz. 1540, the initial letters of the maker's name being N. O. It is in the palace at Hampton Court. Derham's Artificial Clock-maker.
page 425 note [u] That distinguished antiquary Mr. Walpole has in his possession a clock, which appears by the inscription to have been a present from Henry the Eighth to Anne Boleyn. Poynet, bishop of Winchester, likewise gave an astronomical clock to the same king. Godwyn de Praesul.
page 426 note [w] Mem. de Litt. t. 20. See also the lately published Collection of State Papers, vol. I. p. 53.
page 426 note [x] T. 20.
page 426 note [y] Pancirollus informs us, that about the end of the 15th century, watches were made no larger than an almond, by a man whose name was Mermecide. Encyclop.
page 426 note [z] Act ii. sc. 2.
page 427 note [a] Somner's Canterbury, Supplement, N° XIV. p. 36. See also in an extract from archbishop Parker's will, made April 5, 1575:
“Do, et lego fratri meo Ricardo episcopo Eliensi, baculum meum de canna “Indica, qui Horologium habet in summitate.”
As likewise in the brief of his goods, &c. N° XIV. p. 39.
“A clock, valued at 54 l. 4s.” See the same brief.
page 427 note [b] Stowe's Chron. p. 878. and Introd. to Mr. Reuben Burrow's Almanack for 1778.
page 427 note [c] More particularly Dr. Hooke, Tompion, &c.
page 428 note [d] Derham's Art. Cl. p. 107.
page 428 note [e] 9 & 10 W. III. Ch. 28 f. 2