Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-gb8f7 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-26T05:12:54.025Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

XII.—Inventories and Valuations of Religious Houses at the time of the Dissolution, from the Public Record Office

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  25 January 2012

Get access

Extract

Among the scarcest illustrations of monastic arrangement are original ground plans, such as those of Canterbury, Chester, the Charter House, and Tynemouth, with descriptions of a later date in the Rites of Durham. Next in value are inventories in detail, as in the case of Christ Church (Hants), Bridlington, and Tewkesbury; these also are extremely rare, but I have been able to add to them those of Whalley Abbey, Stanlaw, St. Martin's Newark, Dover and the Maison Dieu in the same town, Minster in the Isle of Sheppey, St. Osyth's (Essex), and St. Alban's, in the time of Edward VI.

Type
Research Article
Copyright
Copyright © The Society of Antiquaries of London 1871

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

page 201 note a Afterwards Sir Thomas. See Cooper's Athenæ Cantab, i. 87, 535.

page 201 note b ii. 230, 759; iii. 653, 798, 862.

page 201 note c vii. 263.

page 202 note a See after, p. 229.

page 202 note b The following fines or compositions for their toleration and continuance were paid by 33 monasteries to the treasurer of the Court of Augmentations : e.g. Dale, Derbyshire, 166l. 13s. 14d. ; Repyngton, Derbyshire, 266l. 13s. 4d.; St. Thomas, Stafford, 133l. 6s. 8d. ; Croxden, Staffordshire, 100l. etc. ; and as a specimen of the prices of sales effected in face of such arrangements, I may instance the site, etc.of Sawtre, Hunts, sold for 1,700l. to Ric. Crumwell; Hatfield Peverell, Essex, for 360l. to Giles Legh; Canons Ashby, Northants. for 790l. 31s. 4d. to Sir Fras. Bayntun; Bradley, Leicestershire, for 372l. 5s. 10d. to Thos. Neville of Holt; Wymondley, Herts, for 350l. to James Nedeham ; Catesby, Northants. for 400l. to Jo. Onley ; Stanley, Wilts, for 1,200l. to Sir Edw. Bayntun; Broke, Rutland, to Anthony Cope, for 845l. 10s.; Brewode, Staffordshire, for 134l. ls. 8d. to Thos. Gyfforde; Sopwell, Herts, for 88l. 3s. 4d. to Ric. Lee; Grace Dien, Leicestershire, to Sir Humphrey Foster, for 50l. etc.

page 204 note a As at St. Alban's and Syon, the Gong or Latrine. The cloister, as in other instances, was on the north side of the nave (Sac. Archæol. 163). The whole Inventory is printed in the Essex Arch. Soc. Journal for 1870.

page 204 note b There were chapels in the same position at St. Alban's and in York Minster.

page 204 note c The wings of the transept. [Ch. Ho. Books 309, A 131, fo. 72.] See also p. 44 below, where the Franciscan Church at Winchester contained “a qwere, the valans, S. Clementt's and Frauncs alters, and a vestrey.” [Ibid. p. 53.]

page 205 note a Trunks.

page 206 note a See also the bill of the Burton Commissioners [Aug. Off. 361, f. 79–82].

page 206 note b References to the various MSS. are given in the text or notes ; where they are wanting the originals are mong the MSS. of the Exchequer Q. R. now called “Suppression Papers,” and not yet finally arranged.

page 207 note a Founded about 1145, by Kichard de Belmeis, for Austin Canons.

page 207 note b The Inventories of Merevale and Brewood occupy pages 3–20.

page 207 note c No doubt a mistake for table, as at Pypwell we have “Upon the hygh alter j table of alebaster,” and at Grace Dieu “j table of woode over the highe altar.”

page 207 note d Probably the chapel on the north side of the presbytery.

page 207 note e Probably the Norman chapel on the south side of the presbytery ; the site of the altar remains.

page 207 note f As at Wimborne, probably in the south wing of the transept. There are indications that it was once screened off by a “partition.”

page 207 note g The bases of these altars, on either side of the central door of the roodscreen, are still distinguishable in the nave, as well as evidences of screen work or parcloses. The stalls of the choir intervened between the roodloft and the central lantern or crossing. The whole church is aisleless.

page 207 note h The sacristy adjoins the south wing of the transept, and a chamber or parlour divides it from the chapter-house. (See plan of the Abbey in the Journal of the British Archæol. Assoc. vol. xvii.)

page 208 note a The Dormitory.

page 208 note b i.e. Knights. At Peterborough, over the Abbot's gate, is “the knights' chamber, a superior gnest-house which derived its name from a series of wall paintings representing the military tenants who held knights' fees.” (Memorials of Peterborough, p. 38.)

page 208 note c A vat for brewing ale.

page 209 note a Mingled corn : usually oats and barley sown together. See Promptorium Parvulorum, voce dragge, and Mr. A. Way's note there.

page 209 note b This person also purchased the plate of Brewood Priory. He was afterwards Lord Mayor of London.

page 209 note c Maynard was cellarer; John Hall prior and John Eolles sub-prior, with the others, signed the deed of surrender Oct. 16, 30 Hen. VIII.

page 209 note d Probably in course of education in the conventual school.

page 210 note a Shingles, tile-shaped pieces of wood used for roofing. (Sac. Archæol. 538.)

page 211 note a Roland Lee, LL.D., of St. Nicholas Hall, Cambridge ; consecrated at Croydon April 19, 1534. On November 14, 1532, he married Anna Boleyn to Henry VIII. The arrears of his purchase were due before his death on Jan. 24, 1542.

page 211 note b Transept.

page 211 note c A windlass.

page 212 note a Tablecloths.

page 212 note b Vessels.

page 212 note c Wooden bottles.

page 212 note d A spit.

page 212 note e A vessel used in brewing; see Prompt. Parv. sub voce kymlyne.

page 212 note f A tray.

page 212 note g A hair cloth for the malt kiln.

page 212 note h Or hutch; a receptacle for sifted wheat. Vide ante.

page 212 note i Monge-corn (quasi mingled corn) occurs in the Promptorium as a synonym of Mestlyne (masline or messelyn), a mixture of wheat and rye used for bread. Messelyn occurs page 234 infra.

page 213 note a William Bovdon did not sign the deed of surrender on October 17.

page 214 note a St. Mary's Bushbury. Episcopo Cestrensi quolibet tertio anno pro Syn. xiid. (Ecton, 109.) Weston subter Lizard. Episcopo Cestrensi quolibet tertio anno pro Syn. ijs. Berkswick, Holy Trinity Curacy. (Ibid. 114.)

page 214 note b The abbey of SS. Mary and Benedict, in the parish of Leek, is said to have derived its name from a mispronunciation of the pious wish “dieu l'encres,” expressed in bad French by the Countess dementia, wife of the founder, Ranulph, Earl of Chester. The Cistercians removed hither from Pulton in April 1214. (See Reliquary, ii. 55.)

page 214 note c Edward Stanley, K.G., died 1574. (Courthope, 153.) For the descent of the property see notes on Erdeswiclc, p. 472.

page 215 note a Flourished or ornamental hangings after the old fashion.

page 215 note b A frontal. (Sac. Arch. 571.)

page 215 note c A mixed metal resembling copper or brass gilt, known as Cologne plate. (Sac. Arch. 345.)

page 215 note d The roodscreen.

page 215 note e Figured probably, as in many instances, with tendrils of the vine, a branching mass of golden needlework known as “flowers.” (Sac. Arch. 279.)

page 215 note f Stars.

page 215 note g Oil. “What story is that painted upon the cloth ? the confutation of St. Paul.”—Knight of the Burning Pestle, Act ii. sc. v. These cheap oil-painted cloths took the place of tapestry in the time of the Tudors.

page 215 note h Seats.

page 215 note i Infirmary.

page 215 note k Coarse damask made at Doornix or Tournay. (Sacred Archæol. 229.) “With a fair Darnex carpet of my own.”—Noble Gentleman, Act v. sc. 1.

page 216 note a Caldron.

page 216 note b A cupboard.

page 216 note c A mash-tub.

page 216 note d A cistern.

page 216 note e A tub for sifted wheat.

page 216 note f By his will, 1577, he desired to be buried in Westminster Abbey.

page 216 note g The laundrymen.

page 216 note h i.e. A prayer-woman who says prayers for a patron or founder; hence an almswoman. (Sac. Archæol. 64.)

page 217 note a Refectory.

page 217 note b Infirmary.

page 217 note c He was also seneschal or steward of Chester Abbey.

page 218 note a The priory of St. Mary, belonging to Austin Canons, was founded by Robert Ferrers Earl of Derby, and Hugh, rural dean of Derby, before 1121.

page 218 note b A frontal.

page 218 note c Standards—standing candlesticks before the altar.

page 218 note d The altar was probably in a choir aisle, as at Bristol; no Lady Chapel proper occupying its normal position at the extreme east end.

page 218 note e S. Sitha.

page 218 note f A bell rung at the elevation inside the church. (Sac. Archæol. 521.)

page 218 note g i. e. The brasses.

page 218 note h Aisles.

page 218 note i The lavatory used by the canons before entering the refectory.

page 218 note k The bell which hung near the president in hall, and was called squilla. It was used in giving the signal for graces and benediction of the table.

page 219 note a The following rooms were no doubt in the guest house; at Peterborough there was a “chapel of Low.”

page 219 note b In the prior's lodge.

page 219 note c The speke or conversation house: the calefactory used as a withdrawing room. (Sac. Arch. 427.)

page 219 note d Verjuice. Strictly the juice of unripe grapes; more commonly used for that of sour apples or crabs.

page 220 note a In the deed of surrender of St. Mary's, Derlegh, the names appear of Stanbanke, Machyn (sub-prior), Coste, and Hey ; fifteen signed, including Henry Cost ; the two last pensioners did not sign.

page 221 note a A railing ; a screen of wood or metal. (Sacred Archæology, 304.).

page 222 note a William Fitz Rauf, Seneschal of Normandy in 1204, and Geoffrey de Salicosa Mara, who married Maud his daughter, founded this house of Premonstratensians, which was dedicated to St. Mary. Few remains of the conventual buildings exist. (Lysons' Derbyshire, p. 96.)

page 222 note b Dom. Jo. Spondon, prior xviius, edificavit tectum Corporis ecclesiæ et tectum Capellæ B.M. ubi antiphonam cantavit. Dom. Ric. Notyngham, prior xviiius, fecit tectum summi Chori. (MS. Cotton. Julius C. vii. fo. 269.)

page 222 note c Dom. Jo. Stanley, prior, Claustrum domus nostræ fieri fecit. (Ibid.)

page 222 note d The irons which supported the spit are still called cob-irons in Lincolnshire. “Cobernys” occur in this sense in Bury Wills (Camd. Soc), 100, 252. The word “coberds ” here and elsewhere in these Inventories has probably the same meaning.

page 222 note e Hair-cloth or sieve for the kiln.

page 223 note a In the deed of surrender of St. Mary Dale, 24 Oct. 30 H. 8. the names appear as Hawston and Gerat; one, that of Roger Page, is here omitted.

page 224 note a One Thakker destroyed—as Fuller says, “placked doun a most beautiful church ”—Repton Abbey, with the aid of the carpenters and masons of the country, upon a Sunday, saying “that he would destroy the nest for fear the birds should build there again,” meaning the canons, whom he heard Q. Mary designed to restore. No mention is made of an annual pension of 50s. out of the lands and possessions of Dale given afterwards to the vicars choral of Lichfield by Q. Elizabeth. (Harwood's Lichfield, 263.)

page 224 note b Pages 68—91 contain the Inventories of Repton, Gracedieu, and Pipewell.

page 225 note a This priory of Austin Canons was founded by Picot, Sheriff of Cambridgeshire, in 1092, but was removed to this site by Pagan Peverell, standard bearer to Robert Duke of Normandy in the holy wars, twenty years after. It took its name from a well frequented by young persons on St. John's Eve for athletic sports. The minster was dedicated to Sts. Andrew and Giles. The choir was built 1135–70, and the nave consecrated by Bishop Longchamp, May 22, 1191; a portion of the cellarage only remains. (Prickett's Account, pp. 14, 40.)

page 225 note b Prior Johan de Thorleye was buried in it in 1285. (Prickett, 24.)

page 225 note c Hamon Peche the younger, a great patron of the abbey, and Prior Laurence de Stanesfield, in 1251, were buried in the Lady Chapel. (Ib. 21, 16.)

page 225 note d Prior Symon de Asullis was buried before it in 1297. (Ib. 34.)

page 225 note e Probably the chapel of SS. Mary and Edmund, dedicated by Bishop de Fontibus on St. Agnes' Day 1229. (Ib. 16.)

page 226 note a Stock, i.e. pillar, stone, or stoup (i. e. bucket), a stationary basin for holy water placed at the entrance of churches; the word is apparently here used for the holy water-pot, the portable vessel for containing holy water. (Sac. Arch. 214–5.)

page 226 note b Sprinkler, a little brush made of hyssop, with which the altar and congregation are sprinkled with holy water at mass. (Ib. 546.)

page 226 note c For incense. (Sac. Arch. 598.) The firepan was used in setting it alight.

page 226 note d Cope or vestment chests. (Sac. Arch. 145.)

page 226 note e Sometimes called a crane, used for hanging vestments upon. (See Gleanings from Westminster Abbey, p. 48.) In an inventory of Meaux, 1396, a number of vestments are described as being in triangulo in ecclesia. (Chron. de Melsa. iii. App. lxxx.) A crane for copys. (MS. Inv. Domin. of Bristol.)

page 227 note a These signed the deed of surrender of the priory of SS. Andrew and Giles on Nov. 8, 30 Hen. VIII. The following names are differently spelt: Aysch, Eaynor, and Herman.

page 227 note b All that remains of this priory is a fragment of a building supported by octagonal pillars and covered with a plain groined ceiling of stone. On the west and south sides are some lancet windows. There is a view of it in Le Keux's Cambridge, ii. 265.

page 228 note a This common abbreviation of convent survives in the name of Covent Garden, which once belonged to the Abbey of Westminster.

page 228 note b Thomas Eawleyns was elected prior in 1523, and Nicholas Smith in 1530. John Badcock succeeded in 1534. (Le Keux, Cambridge, ii. 264.) In illustration of the expression “Priors quondams,” the wellknown retort of Bishop Bonner may be quoted. Being once saluted as “bishop quondam,” he goodhumouredly replied to his assailant, “knave semper.”

page 228 note c An allowance for subsistence paid by the monastery to some nominee of the Crown, benefactor, founder, or powerful nobleman. Such payments were a constant drain upon the funds.

page 228 note d i.e. gentleman.

page 229 note a Wimpole.

page 229 note b Cottenham.

page 229 note c St. Sepulchre's, Cambridge.

page 230 note a Plain silver.

page 230 note b The passages within brackets are taken from the note of “the Sales made by the sayd Richard Goodrych and John Scudamore, at the tyme of ther beyng at Burton aforesaid,” page 68 of the same volume.

page 230 note c A common mis-spelling of birds, as in “O pulchra volucris; … mi swete brid.”—Anonymi descriptio Norfolciensium, printed in Early Mysteries, 1839.

page 231 note a Cob-irons, see former note.

page 232 note a Temple Balsall, a preceptory of Knights Templars, was a gift of Roger Moubray, sou of Nigel Albini, lord of Hampton. It lies between Warwick and Solihull. Mr. J. G. Nichols has given an account of the church in Gent. Mag. N.S. x. 268. On the dissolution of the Order of the Temple it was transferred to the Knights Hospitallers of St. John of Jerusalem.

page 233 note a These probably were in a stone porch, now removed ; the ancient hinges still remain.

page 233 note b It is shaped like a bowl, seven feet in circumference, sculptured with foliage. The bar held up the cover. The “holy water-stock” was adapted to form a modern font.

page 233 note c This may have resembled the ancient pew in Bishop Cannington church, Wilts.

page 233 note d Probably the rood loft. “The Epistle and Gospel should be read in the said Pulpit (i.e. where reading was before appointed) or Stall.” (Grindall's Inq. 1571. Cardw. Doc. Ann. i. 371.) Comp. Inq. of Edw. VI. (Ibid. 13.)

page 233 note e Sir Thomas Docwra was the last lord prior of St. John's, Clerkenwell, before the dissolution ; the fermor was probably his relative.

page 233 note f The hall-parlour and chimney still exist.

page 234 note a A Benedictine nunnery of St. Mary, founded by Geoffrey, xvith abbot at St. Alban's, in 1140.

page 234 note b A Benedictine nunnery founded at Flamsted in the time of K. Stephen.

page 234 note c A priory of Austin Canons dedicated to St. Laurence, and founded in the reign of Henry III.

page 234 note d The priory of St. Thomas of Canterbury, founded for Austin Canons in the reign of Henry II. by Eustace de Merk.

page 234 note e Masline, monk-corn or blend-corn, a mixture of wheat and rye.

page 234 note f Ornamental bands of silver round the bowl. (Sac. Arch. 373.)

page 235 note a A Benedictine nunnery of St. Mary founded in the latter part of the twelfth century.

page 235 note b Ornamental metal covers or plates: “for ij plats of iron wher they pryst doth stand when he reds the lector j s. viij d.” (MS. Inv. All Hallowes Bread St.) “A gospelar with the ymages of Christ and the Evangelystes garnysed with sylver weying xvij uncs iij quarters.” (MS. Inv. of Ch. Ch. Dublin.)

page 235 note c Chrismal or chrismatory for the chrism.

page 235 note d Representing the tree of Jesse, or lineage of our Saviour. There was a cope at Peterborough called “the Roots ” for the same reason, and another Radix Jesse at Westminster.

page 236 note a Griffins.

page 236 note b i.e. paned or striped.

page 236 note c Pedalia, pede, or foot cloths, on the stage or high place.

page 236 note d Closet.

page 236 note e guttée, with spots.

page 237 note a “One lytell box for syngyng bred garnyshed with silver and gylt.” (MS. Inv. of St. Stephen's, Westminster.) “A box of every within the pyxe havyng smayle glasses of silver upon hit.” (MS. Inv. of Bullington.)

page 237 note b A canopy over the pyx. (See Sac. Arch. 186, 596.) “iiij buttons for the sacrament clothe.” (MS. Inv. of London.) “A pyxe cloth of lawne with iiij buttons of sylver.” (Ibid. St. Peter's, Westchepe.)

page 237 note c Bishop's hose.

page 237 note d See Sac. Arch. 594, “tempore quadragesimali velum pendet in choro inter altare et conspectum populi.” (Lyndiv. Prov. 342.)

page 238 note a For a description of the minster, see Browne Willis's Cathedrals, ii. 403. There is a list of the furniture in Cotton. MS. Tib. A. ix. 7.

page 238 note b It was detached, on the north side, as at Ely.

page 238 note c The reredos. Bp. Andrewes calls it the back-piece.

page 238 note d To.

page 238 note e Throne.

page 238 note f A Cistercian abbey, a daughter of Warden Abbey, founded in 1146 by Simon Earl of Northampton.

page 239 note a Pois, weighing.

page 239 note b The Requiem Ile, North and South Ile, and Seynt Marten's Ile, are mentioned.

page 239 note c i.e. tunicle and dalmatic.

page 239 note d Venice.

page 239 note e Bruges.

page 239 note f A material spelt in a variety of ways phonetically, “redd fusthean of Naples.” (MS. Inv. St. John's, Dunford.) “Blacke fustian of Naples.” (St. Andrew Hubborde.) “Fustian of napes.” (S. Thomas Apostle, London.) “Redd fustyan in apples.” (Greysten, Derbyshire.) “Fustian of apes.” (Wresseton, Norfolk.) I have seen it printed “apes breeches.” The material no doubt was an Eastern fabric, like so many medieval stuffs, and came from Neapolis or Naplous, of which the last prior of Christchurch was a titular bishop.

page 240 note a Amices.

page 240 note b Unicorns.

page 240 note c Maniples.

page 240 note d “j. oyle box of sylver.” (MS. Inv. Sturminster Newton.) “A box with oyle and crem.” (Ibid. Assheby), a chrismatory.

page 240 note e Used to cover the rood. (Sac. Arch. 197. )

page 240 note f Vestments for the daily masses of the week; ferial, in opposition to the principals for Sundays and festivals.

page 240 note g Linen ; hence the name of Napier.

page 240 note h Buffet stole, Scabellum, tripos; Bofet, thre-fotyd stole. Prompt. Parv.; and see Mr. A. Way's note, ad vocem.

page 240 note i Gnats. In the last century in the Fens people were seriously bitten by these virulent insects, as writers of the time piteously complain.

page 240 note k Beak-iron (bicorne) a small anvil with two horns.

page 240 note l Pynsone. Tenella, cancer. Prompt. Parv. A pair of pincers.

page 240 note m Fr. batoir, a rammer, a beetle.

page 241 note a The Austin Canons' Priory of SS. Peter and Paul, founded in the reign of William I.

page 241 note b Correct English synonym for the reredos. Heylyn calls it the “altar wall.”

page 241 note c The Austin Canons' Priory of St. Mary, founded in the reign of King John.

page 241 note d Stories—representations of incidents in Holy Writ.

page 241 note e Tartarin.

page 241 note f Embroidery of Alexandria; “bordura Alexandra.”

page 241 note g A Benedictine nunnery of SS. Mary and Edmund, founded in the reign of Richard I.

page 241 note h At Dorchester the cell was the canopy of a stall, and at Melcombe there were “new sileid settis at Jhesus alter.” (MS. Aug. Off. 466, fo. 39.) Probably they were sedilia, as at Southampton, “a proper sete seyleyd at the auter's end for pryst, decon, and subdecon.” (Ib. 131.)

page 241 note i Gold of Lucca. Venice gold occurs in other inventories.

page 241 note k The separate small bed-rooms, screened off, in a dormitory. (Sac. Arch. 229.)

page 241 note l The Austin Canons Priory of St. Mary, founded about the reign of King John.

page 241 note m The nunnery of St. John Baptist.

page 241 note n back-side ; behind.

page 242 note a The Easter Sepulchre. (Sac. Archæol. 243.)

page 242 note b Probably Studley, the last entry, but two pages are torn out of the MS. The Priory of St. Mary, of Austin Canons, was founded by Peter de Studley, temp. Hen. II.

page 242 note c The guest-house.

page 242 note d The Benedictine Priory of Holy Cross, Castle Hedingham, founded in the twelfth century by Aubrey de Vere.

page 242 note e The Benedictine Priory of SS. Mary and John, a cell of Abingdon, founded temp. Hen. I.

page 242 note f Portable organs. (See William of Wyheham and his Colleges, 204.)

page 242 note g A Premonstratensian priory of S. Nicholas founded 1180.

page 243 note a The reredos. Bp. Andrewes called it the back-pieoe. (Sac. Arch. 498.)

page 243 note b Forbidden by Ridley in 1550 : the ornamental slab of some precious material set upon an altar for purposes of magnificence and devotion. (Sac. Arch. 565.)

page 243 note c The Austin Canons priory of St. James at Thremhall, founded in the eleventh century.

page 243 note d An Austin Canons priory, refounded temp. Henry III.

page 243 note e Orphreys with figures of saints under tabernacle work in niches.

page 243 note f A Benedictine priory of St. Mary, a cell of St. Alban's, founded temp. Hen. I.

page 243 note g An eagle for a lectern.

page 243 note h A reliquary in the form of an arm.

page 243 note i An ornamental cover for the Book of the Gospels. (Sac. Arch. 575.)

page 243 note k A breviary. (Sac. Arch. 459.)

page 243 note l An Austin Canons priory of SS. Mary and John, founded temp. Hen. III.

page 244 note a An Austin Canons priory of St. Mary, founded 1104.

page 244 note b A Benedictine abbey of St. Leonard, founded in the twelfth century.

page 244 note c Cyprus.

page 244 note d Streaks or stripes.

page 244 note e Cologne.

page 244 note f The priory of St. Mary of Austin Canons, founded 1340.

page 244 note g A frontal. (Sac. Arch. 571; Arch. xxx. 147.)

page 244 note h Rood beam.

page 244 note i An Easter candlestick. (Sac. Arch. 98.)

page 244 note k A lectionary.

page 244 note l The Benedictine Nunnery of SS. Mary and Catharine, founded in twelfth Century.

page 244 note m The bell-cot remains on the refectory wall at Old Cleeve Abbey ; a full account of the cloister bells is given in Aungier's Isleworth.

page 245 note a The Austin Canons Priory of St. Mary, removed to this site in the reign of Henry III.

page 245 note b Like “peces,” of patchwork pattern.

page 245 note c Bears.

page 245 note d The Benedictine nunnery of St. Andrew, founded in 1120. Tanner states that there were eight nuns at the dissolution.

page 245 note e The gradual, a book containing the portions of the service of the mass sung by the choir. (Sac. Arch. 304.)

page 245 note f A farm labourer.

page 245 note g The Austin Canons Priory of S. Mary and All Saints, founded temp. Hen. II.

page 245 note h The Abbey of the Annunciation for nuns minoresses of the Order of St. Clare, founded in the reign of Edward III.

page 246 note a The tree of Jesse, “a cope of blewe satten with roots.” MS. Inv. S. Andrew Undershaft. (See previous note.)

page 246 note b A phanon or maniple.

page 247 note a Portcullises.

page 247 note b Embroidered.

page 247 note c The rebus of Abbot Islip. (See Neale's Westm. Abbey, ii. 23.)

page 247 note d Clasps (morsus) of copes.

page 247 note e For making the first tonsure. (Sac. Arch. 172.)

page 247 note f “A cope of bawdkyn otherwyse called velvitt fygury.” (MS. Inv. St. Peter Westchepe.)

page 248 note a The offertory veil. (Sac. Arch. 409.)

page 248 note b “Course cloth of sylver called a bawdekyn.” (MS. Inv. St. Stephen's Westminster.) “xxxv baudkins for to garnisshe the quyer at everye triumphe or at the Kyngs Maties comyng.” (Ib. St. Paul's.)