^{page 143 note a} The Rev. C. A. Swainson, D.D., senior residentiary, who has arranged, after long labour, all the capitular documents, considers that “the chapter transcript was written about the year 1725.”

^{page 143 note b} In my Cathedralia and Traditions and Customs of Cathedrals the reader will find the whole cathedral system explained at length.

^{page 144 note a} See Stat. Constitutiones Antiquse. The deanery was endowed by Seffrid Il. The old income was 107l. The dean held the vicarage of Aldingbourne, and “the deanery ofthe parish of the Holy Sepulchre,” Chichester, and the prebend of Westergate. The dean held the patronage and tithes of St. Bartholomew's Westergate, besides the urban deanery or deanery of Christianity (a title suggestive of a time when a heathen population existed round the cities and towns) as his peculiar jurisdiction until it was abolished on Jan. 1, 1846, by order in Council dated Aug. 8, 1845, under the Act of 6 and 7 William IV. c. 77, s. 10. It included Rumboldswyke, Fishbourne, St. Andrew's, St. Martin's, St. Olafs, St. Pancras', St. Peter's the Great juxta Gildhall, St. Peter's the Less, St. Mary's in Foro, St. Mary's Hospital, and “Subdecan. sive Vicaria S. Petri Maj. sive subdecan'.” (Lib. Inst. Pub. Eec. Off. Cic. Dioc. 5, fo. 1.) On Dec. 11, 1340, the primate made an award owing to a contest between Bishop Stratford and the dean, that the latter had jurisdiction, except during the time of an episcopal visitation, over the city churches and in matrimonial causes, and had authority to correct ecclesiastical offences not reserved to the bishop. The name of Little London, which certainly was part of the possessions of the Hospitallers (Min. Acc. 31 and 32 Hen. VIII. m. 16 dorso), occurs in 1440, and the arms of the last prior, which were in the windows of the residentiary house near the gate, also suggest some connection with the Order of Knights of St. John, for, in a charter in the University College MS. relating to land outside the west gate, the clause occurs “excepto loco religioso.” In 1642 the round church of the Holy Sepulchre, which stood on the mound near St. Bartholomew's (called the Mount) Church in West Street, was destroyed. Val. Eccles. i. 298; Clarke's MS. 29, p. 67. The deanery is now in the gift of the Crown, not according to the maxim laid down by Lyndwood, lib. iii. tit. ii. p. 126. (See Stat. de Modo Eligendi et Installandi Decanum.)

^{page 144 note b} In the Statutes of 1251, De Proventibus Defunctorum and De Expensis, these are called Dignitates and Personæ. See Lyndwood, lib. iii. tit 1, ad verbum “dignitatibus,” p. 118; and ib. tit. 7, ad verbum “dignitatis,” p. 114; and lib. v. tit. 16, ad verbum “canonici,” p. 327. See also the extract from Bishop Storey's Eegister under the Statute De Domibus Canonicorum.

^{page 144 note c} Canonia est jus spirituale quod aliquis assequitur in ecclesiâ per receptionem in fratrem et assignationem stalli in choro et loci in capitulo; Præbenda verò est jus spirituale recipiendi certos proventus pro meritis in ecclesiâ competentes percipienti ex divinò officio cui insistit, et nascitur ex Canoniâ tanquam filia a matre. (Lyndw. lib. iii. tit. 7, i. p. 144, ad verbum “prebendas.”) See Stat. De Institutione Canonicorum.

^{page 144 note d} See the Statutes, De Domibus Canonicorum Decedentium. De Absentiâ Canonicorum. De Utilitate Residentiæ Qui Censentur Eesidentes. De Plenâ Residentiâ et Semi-plenâ.

^{page 145 note a} See the Statutes, De Panibus Canonicorum. De Diversis Consuetudinibus. De Antiquâ Formca Distributionis Communæ. De Distributione Panis. De Distributione Communæ. De Cotidianis Distributionibus et Releviis Legatis et Annualibus. De Distributione pro Defunctis.

^{page 145 note b} Art. of Inq. Stat. ii. fo. 5. Comp. Art. 1682, fo. 2. (Ib. p. 137.)

^{page 145 note c} See Statute, Constitutiones Antiques. It was endowed by Bishop Seffrid II. cum præbenda cui annexa ecclesia de Ovyng. Tax. 80l.; dec. 8l., at a later date 69l.; in 1520, 35l. 8s. 10d.; and in the Parliamentary Survey 230l. The præcentor was lord of the township of Oving in 1316. In 1520 he had the farm of Hilsker in West Dean, and, according to the Parliamentary Survey, Quæ farm in that parish 1543. Precentoria in Eccl. Cath. Cic. et prebenda de Oving eidem annexa. Dignitas Prsecentorialis sive Præcentoriatus in Eccles. Cath. Cic. una cum prebenda sive Canonicatu de Owving eidem annexa. (Lib. E. 293. Writs of Parl. ii. 336, n. 53. Cranmer's Reg. fo. 388 a. Parker's Eeg. fo. 199 b. Visit. 1558, fo. 3. Eeg. H. and G. fo. 21. Eeg. Storey, fo. 69. Eeg. Eede. fo. 242. Book B. fo. 208. Act Book. i p. 61.)

^{page 145 note d} See Statutes, Constitutiones Antique and De officio Cancellarii. Founded by Bishop Hilary; cumecclesia de Chitynglegh cum capella. Tax. 80l. dec. 8l. K. B. 98. Præbenda de Woodhorne de facto est unita sive annexa Cancellario. In his gift were the vicarages of Pevensey and Ditchling. De donatione ecclesiarum cancellario Eccles. Cath. Cic. (Leiger, fo. 69. Lib. E. 241. Eeg. Storey, 1478, fo. 6. Lib. Y. fo. Iviij. lxj.)

^{page 145 note e} See Statutes, Constitutiones Antiques and De officio Thesaurarii. Founded by Bishop Hilary; cujus est ecclesia de Estbourne cum capella. Tax. 70l. dec. x. K. B. 63. Carta de nundinis de Estburne concessis W^o. de Nevyle, thesaurario. Lib. E. fo. 241. Lib. Y. fo. xxxiv.

^{page 145 note f} See the Statutes, De Domibus Canonicorum in Civitate. De Eesidentiam Facturo. De Officiis Ecclesiæ Nocturnis. De Expensis. De Proventibus. De Antiquâ Formâ. Eeparatio Ecclesiæ. Reg. Chichele. fo. 194 b. The installation of dean Eoger de Scrope in 1383 was attended by “Joh. de Bisshopestone cancellario et canonico prebendato in eadem tune ratione dignitatis majore et sèniore ecclesie.” MS. Univ. Coll. fo. 219. See also the form of enthronisation and Stat. De Distributione Panis. In Wood's MS. Bodl. Lib. E. 3, fo. 28, they appear as the “Four Masters of the Church.”

^{page 146 note a} See the Statutes, De Communario. De Distributione pro Defunctis. Qui Censentur Residentes.

^{page 146 note b} By stat. 1573, sect. 5. The term president occurs in a collation to St. Mary's Hospital, Oct. 20,1447: Johannes Blounham precentor ecclesie Cath. Cicestren. ac presidens, et ejusdem loci capitulum. (MS. Univ. Coll. fo. 12.) In 1359 (Lib. Y. fo. lvi.) and also at Dean Caurden's installation in 1546. Day's Reg. p. 12. Comp. Harsnet's Statutes, 2, 5.

^{page 147 note a} Book of Extracts, fo. 18 b.

^{page 147 note b} See the Statutes, passim

^{page 147 note c} Under penalty of sequestration of the prebend. (Lib Y. fo. clxiii. Reg. Islip. 1355, fo. 84 b.) The stall wages were paid until the Cathedral Act; and now compensation is given for their loss to the priest vicars by the Ecclesiastical Commissioners.

^{page 147 note d} The Roman numerals give the value in Pope Nicholas' Taxation, the Arabic numbers that in Dean Fishmonger's Certificate, temp. Hen. VIII. made for the Valor Ecclesiasticus. Lib. Epi. 403.

^{page 147 note e} Lib. E. 217. Leiger, 205.

^{page 147 note f} The following charter of Ralph II. shows the manner in which prebends were augmented: “Assignamus imperpetuum ecclesiam de Aldingburne decano Cycestr. Prebendæ quoque de Wodehorne propter tenuitatem adjunximus et consolidamus ecclesiam de Amberle, quæ fuit membrum prebende de Aldingeburne ita quòd de eis una sit de cætero et censeatur prebenda et deserviatur per sacerdotem. Statuimus quòd ecclesia de Wiselbergha, quæ item fuit prebendæ de Aldingburne de cætero sit prebenda et deserviatur per subdia-conum.” Lib, Y. fo. xlv.

^{page 147 note g} Ordinatio prebendæ, Lib. Y. ff. xxxix. xli.; Lib. E. 214.

^{page 148 note a} Add. MS. Brit. Mus. 15, 377, fo. 328; Lib. Y. fo. xlii. Bulla Clementis VI. quod prebenda theologo regenti conferatur. Per Bullam Gregorii XI. 1373, magistro in theologiâ conferatur. 1259, Conferenda regenti in theologiâ et confirmata per Bonifacium archiepiscopum Cantuar. Lib. E. 216, 217. Leiger, 205. The lecture was read in 1733 on all Wednesdays in full term, except when a holiday occurred. Inj. of Bishop, p. 109.

^{page 148 note b} B. B. Willis, Parochiale Angl. 67.

^{page 148 note c} A manor in Oving parish. Val. Eccles. i. 300; Lib. Y. fo. xlv. The prebendary had the patronage of S. Panoras Arlington.

^{page 148 note d} Carta de confectione prebendse, Lib. Y. ff. xxxix. xiii. The prebendary had the patronage of Ferring and East Preston.

^{page 148 note e} Lib. Y. fol. 39 b.

^{page 148 note f} These Wiccamical prebends were founded by Bishop Sherborne Jan. 1, 1523. Conferantur prebendas uni Doctori vel Baccalaureo in Theologia vel ad minus Artium Magistro qui sunt vel fuerunt de Collegio S. Mariæ Winton. et Oxon. The dean and chapter nominate to Bargham, the three others are in the patronage of the bishop. Bursalis is endowed with a prebend of Wilmington. The prebendary was chantry priest of St. Mary's Hospital and chaplain of Talk's Chantry. Wyndham held the Hospital of Ham, and a chantry in West Angmering. Bargham was Master of S. James Hospital, Seaford. Bargham free chapel (Lib. Y. fo. Ixiv.) was bought from Sir Edmund Dudley for 100 marks, and St. James' chapel from Robertsbridge Abbey for 20l. Exceit, a chapel and chantry of 5l. yearly, was bought from Bayham Abbey for 50l. (Val. Eccles. i. 301, 302, 305. Sherborne Stat.)

^{page 148 note g} A stall was necessarily allotted to him, as the other vicars occupied the stalls of their absent domini.

The office no longer exists, as the dean's peculiar jurisdiction has been abolished, and the vicarage church of Saint Peter the Great has been rebuilt outside the close.

^{page 149 note a} See note ^f page 148.

^{page 149 note b} Carta Seffridi II. de pace facta inter Eogerum capellanum et Guidonem de Bysshopston canonicum de Hylye. This is the first mention of a distinct prebend. The prebendary was to celebrate a mass of requiem on all Fridays except Christmas day and Good Friday. The prebend, by Bp. Storey's foundation, was in 1477 attached to the mastership of the prebendal school, and is in the gift of the dean and chapter. Lib. Y. xli.; lib. E. fo. 77.

^{page 149 note c} The abbot of Bee had a stall in the choir of Wells, and those of de Lyra and Cormeilles at Hereford. 1414. Rex dedit decano et capitulo eccles. Cath. Cic. prioratum de Wilmington alienigenum in Com. Suss. qui (ut dicebatur) fuit præbenda in ecclesia prædicta, quæ nuper fuit abbatis de Grastino in Normannia valoris ccxl. marc, per annum habendum durante guerra.' Rot. Pat. 2 Hen. V. MS. Harl. 6962, fo. 67. Similar instances of abbots holding cathedral prebends are mentioned in my Traditions and Customs of Cathedrals, my Scoti-Monasticon, and by Lyndwood, p. 133. Henry V. gave this prebend, with the alien priory, to found the Mortimer Chantry for two chaplains, which was confirmed by Edward IV. In 1675 it is said two stalls, formerly in the choir and belonging to the vicars choral, the Willington and Wilmington, are now laid down and omitted, being now unappropriated. Hay 204. There were eighteen stalls on each side, and eight returned stalls on the west against the Arundel screen: they were for the most part of Bishop Langton's time, but four were added by Sherborne.

^{page 151 note a} See the Statutes: Constitutiones Antiquæ. De Distributione Panis. De Antiqua Forma Distributionis Communæ. De Distributione Communæ. De Cotidianis Distributionibus. De Absenciâ Canonicorum. DH Diversis Consuetudinibus. De Eesidentia Plenâ et Semi-plenâ.

^{page 151 note b} See the Statutes: De Utilitate Residentiæ De Residentiâ Plenâ. et Semi-plenâ De Absenciâ Canonicorum. De Distributione Communæ. De Cotidianis Distributionibus. De Diversis Consuetudinibus. De Festo S. Wolstani. Henry VI. allowed the dean and chapter 'quod c. libratas terre et redditus per annum adquirere possint ad augmentacionem canonicorum residentium vicariorum et choristarum. (Rot. Pat. July 1, 26 Hen. VI. P. m. 4.)

^{page 151 note c} 3 and 4 Viet. c. 113, sect. 3. Comp. Canon 44. Canons of 1603, in my edition, p. 67.

^{page 151 note d} See the Statutes: De Pœnâ Inobedientiæ. De Absencià. De Distributione.

^{page 152 note a} Stat. De Residentiam Facturo.

^{page 152 note b} See the Statutes: De Uniformitate Habitûs in Choro. De Offensâ in Divinis Obsequiis. De Distributione Communæ. De Officiis Nocturnis.

^{page 152 note c} Lib. Y, fo. lxxviii. He was precentor in 1219 and 1251.

^{page 152 note d} These vicars thus eked out their stall wages.

^{page 152 note e} Swayne, fo. 299. The installation of Dean Roger le Scrope, in 1383, was witnessed by “domino Will⁰, subdecano, Thoma vicario decani, Joh. succentore, Waltero subthesaurario, magistro Simone Halshale clerico et notario capituli [the chancellor's vicar] ac aliis vicariis chori, rectoribus et presbyteris civitatis et ecclesiæ multitudine copiosa.” (MS. Univ. Coll. fo. 219.) “Vicarius in choro et capellanus.” (Ib. fo. 12.)

^{page 152 note f} At St. Patrick's Dublin [1431], Leighlin [1430], and Waterford we find also minor canons, petty canons at Toledo, eight “moindres ou petits chanoines” in the twelfth century at Rouen, and demi-canons or semi-prebendaries at Lyons who were chaplains. S. Paul's from a remote period also had “capellanos qui vulgariter minores canonici nuncupantur,” being regarded as “personæ secundi gradus,” who celebrated at the high altar. At Salisbury, however, the “minores canonici de secundâ formâ” appear to have been in S. Osmund's time canons, not priests, forming a class above the boy canons who sat with the choristers in the third form, just as “clerici qui non sunt presbyteri ante stalla superiora” are mentioned at Aberdeen.

^{page 153 note a} Reg. fo. 26 b.

^{page 153 note b} Reg. Praty, fo. 73 b.

^{page 153 note c} See Stat. De Offensâ.

^{page 153 note d} Reg. fo. c.

^{page 153 note e} Ib. p. ii. fo. 98.

^{page 153 note f} Var. Obs. 58, 63. Val. Eccl. i. 298, 303. Certif. of Chantr. 50, 2.

^{page 154 note a} Guide, p. 39.

^{page 154 note b} Engraved in Labarte's Handbook of the Arts of the Middle Ages, translated by Mrs , Palliser, 1855, and in Archæological Journal, xii. p. 412.Google Scholar

^{page 154 note c} , Kemble, Cod. Dipl. ii. 335, No. 459.Google Scholar

^{page 154 note d} Mon. Ann. ii. 29, Winton.; iv. 372, Wigorn. W. Malm. 68, 205.

^{page 154 note e} , Wilkins, Cone. i. 363.Google Scholar

^{page 154 note f} Worthies, ii. 385.

^{page 155 note a} Lib. Y. fo. xxviii. Dugdale, Monasticon, vi. 1169.

^{page 155 note b} Lib. E. fo. 9 b. Lib. Y. fo. xxviii.

^{page 155 note c} Lib. E. fo. lib. Lib. Y. fo. xxxj. , Dugdale, Monasticon, vi. 1169.Google Scholar

^{page 155 note d} Lib. Y. fo. lxx. The southern defence of the precinct consists of walls of various dates, with semicircular bastions. “In porcione ecclesie nunquam fuit aliud fossatum quam cursus Lovante. Non apparet racio quare ecclesia Cycestr' in porcione sua non debeat habere domos herentes muris et turres supra murura.” (MS. Univ. Coll. fo. 6.)

_{page 155 note e} , Godwin, Catalogue, &c. 1615, p. 467.Google Scholar

^{page 156 note a} 1108. Radulfus Episcopus Cicestrensis fecit dedicari ecclesiam (Anglia Sacra, i. 297). 1114. Ecclesia Cicestriæ combusta est. (Ibid.) Civitas Cicestra cum principali Monasteries (Minster) per culpam incuriæ (a fault not yet out of date), iii⁰. Non. Maii (May 5), flammis consumpta est. (Hoveden, i. 169.) iii⁰. Non. Maii Civitas Cicestriæ cum Monasterio ejusdem per incuriam igni succensa est. (Hemingford Chron. i. 42.) Ecclesiam suam, quam à novo fecerat, cùm fortuitus ignis pessumdedisset, liberalitate potissimùm regis, brevi refecit. (W. Malm, de Gest. Pont. 206.) 1187. Mater ecclesia Cicestrensis cum tota civitate xiii. Kal. Nov. quasi irato Deo in favillam est reducta. (Matt. Par. i. 443.) Combusta est ferè tota civitas Cicestriæ cum ecclesiâ, sedis pontificalis et domibus episcopi et canonicorum. (Hoveden, ii. 333.) 1199. Seffridus episcopus Cicestrensis dedicavit cathedralem basilicam sedis suæ cum vi. episcopis aliis mense Septembri. (Ann. Mon. ii. 252. Waverley.) Seffridus reædificavit ecclesiam Cicestrensem secundo igne combustam et domos suas in palatio Cicestrensi. (MS. Catal. Episc. Cic. Leland, Collect, ii. 341.) Seffridus ecclesiam Cicestrensem post incendium magnum sumptibus innumeris reajdificavit. (Ann. Mon. ii. 256, Waverl.) Dedicata est ecclesia Cic. à Seffrido ejusdem loci episcopo, ii⁰. Id. Sept. (Ang. Sac. i. 304.) See also Ann. Mon. ii. 73, Winton.; iii. 446, Bermond; iv. 390, Wigorn. Addit. MS. 6262, fo. 77. 1447. Charta Adami episcopi de Festo Consecrationis ecclesiæ Cicestr. Oct. 3, olim Sept. 12. (Hayley MS. p. 163.) In the reign of Edward VI. the first Sunday in October was observed as the feast of dedication.

^{page 157 note a} See my Sacred Archæology, under Palm Sunday.

^{page 157 note b} In the time of Bishop Simon de Welles, 1204-5, John, K. gave Bakechild Church to the “newly-dedicated”cathedralGoogle Scholar . “Acquisivit Ecclesise ecclesiam de Backchild quam Joannes rex Anglias dedit in dotem Ecclesiaa Cicestrensis noviter dedicatæ.” (Lib. Y. fo. clxxvii.) On May 24, 1207, the King permitted the. importation of Purbeck marble. “Dedimus licentiam domino Simoni Cicestriæ episcopo ducendi marmor suum per mare à Purbic usque Cicestriam ad reparationem ecclesiæ suæ de Cicestriâ. à die Martii proximo post festum S. Trinitatis anno VIII⁰, &c. (Rot. Pat. 8 Joh. m. 16.) Bishop Ralph de. Neville, or, as he was usually known, Ralph II. bequeathed 130 marks at his death, on Feb. 1, 1244 “Dedit cxxx. marcas ad fabricam Ecclesiæ et capellam suam integram cum multis ornamentis.” (Lib. Y. u.s.), and his executors, besides releasing a debt of 60l. due to him and spent on the bell tower, gave 140l. to the fabric of the church, receiving some benefit in return. Bishop St. Richard was also a benefactor before his death on April 3, 1253, “dedit ad opus Ecclesiæ Cicestrensis ecclesias de Stoghton et Alceston, et jus patronatûs ecclesiæ de Mundlesham, et pensionem xl. s. in eadem.” (Lib. Y. u.s.) He also bequeathed 40l. to the cathedral.

^{page 157 note c} The calamity to which reference is here made is explained in the Chronicle of Dunstable under the year 1210: “impetu venti ceciderunt duæ turres Cicestriæ…” Ann. Mon. iii. 32. Dunst. These were probably the upper storeys of the two western towers.

_{page 157 note d} Reg. Islip. 1355, fo. 84 b.

^{page 158 note a} See Stat. de Cotodianis Distributionibus, lib. Y. ff. xiii b. clxxviii. Mr , Clarke's MS., Segrave's Chichester, p. 13 Google Scholar . Hay's Chichester, p. 412. Lib. E. 178 b.

^{page 158 note b} The benefactor was Bishop Gilbert deSt. Leophardo, 1288-1305. Construxit a fundamentis Capellam Beatse Mariæ in Ecclesiâ Cicestrensi. Item dedit ad fabricam Ecclesise predictæ mccl. marcas. (Lib. Y. u. s.)

^{page 158 note c} “Expendidit in Domo Capitulari Cicestrensi, ex parte australi, in quodam muro et fenestris, à superficie terræ usque ad summitatem constructo cccxlil.” The building communicates with a small chamber, for valuables, which is closed with a sliding door in the panelwork. “Item dedit ad fabricam Ecclesise cxxv. marcas.” (Lib. Y. fo. clxxviii.) In 1637 the present muniment-room is called the upper chapter-house, and in the last century the east chapel of the south wing bore the appellation. See Langton's obit.

^{page 158 note d} Leland. ii. 341. MS. Harl. 293, fo. 41 a.

^{page 158 note e} Primos fructus omnium præbendarum pro primo anno ecclesiæ fabricæ juxta antiquam consuetudinem legitimè prsescriptam solvere tenebantur et tenentur consensu omnium præbendariorum. (Eegistrum Simonis Archiep. Cantuar. s. a. 1359, fo. 157 b.) See Stat. Eeparatio ecclesiæ.

^{page 158 note f} Reg. Rede, fo. xxxii. b. Half the income of a vacant prebend went for one year to the fabric. Ib. fo. 45 b.

^{page 158 note g} Wills, Eous, 10. Eichard Earl of Arundel, by his will, dated 1392, bequeathed 100l. to the Cathedral. ( , Nichols, Eoyal Wills, p. 127.)Google Scholar

^{page 158 note h} Under the date of Henry VI. is mentioned 'ordinatio pro anniversario Thome Patching xvi⁰. Maii qui dedit 100 marcas ad construendum berefridum, vulgò Raymond's Tower. 1428. (Leiger. 37.) Tradition has associated the tower with a Ryman of Appledram, who was compelled to sell the materials which he had accumulated, as he had failed to obtain the royal licence to crenelate his manor-house. (Camden's Britannia, i. 283.) See Gent. Mag. xvi. 90. The Paschal Candle used to be made in it.

^{page 159 note a} See Eeport of Cathedral Commission, p. 363; and Stat. of Lincoln, Novum Registrum, p. 3.

^{page 159 note b} Univ. Coll. MS. fo. 206.

^{page 160 note a} At the end of the tropar is inscribed “Iste liber pertinet ad decanatum Cicestr.” &c, and at the end of a prayer of Dean Thomas (fo. 56b) “Iste liber totus pertinet ad decan' Cicestr.”

^{page 160 note b} For the canonical form of convening of Chapter by citation or letters mandatory, see my Cathedralia, pp. 77-79. Bishop W. Eede's copy of the Statutes is in Liber E. f. 179-189.

^{page 160 note c} Capitnlum est collectio personarum adinvicem de his, quæ eis incumbunt, in locis ad hoc assignatis tractantium. Hoc modo sumptum supponit pro personis congregatis in Ecclesia Cathedrali. (Lyndwood, lib, i. tit. 2, p. 14.)

^{page 160 note d} Episcopus etiam cum Capitulo non potest facere statutum in præjudicium aliorum, nisi hi quorum interest consentiant, vel saltern sint præsentes. (Lyndwood, lib. iii. tit. 1, p. 116.) The authority for confirming statutes is thus laid down in 1480: In matters and business touching the cathedral church the consent of the dean and major part of the chapter was sufficient to confirm statutes and decrees. Comp. Const. Othoboni tit. xxxv. p. 136. The dean and chapter were called Masters of the church. (Reg. Storey, fo. 71, r. 8. Leiger, 328.)

^{page 160 note e} A licence for electing a bishop in 1253 is in Reg. 8, c. xvi.

^{page 161 note a} In his quæ non tangunt Episcopum, possunt Decanus et Capitulum statuere id quod licitum est, absque consensu Episcopi. (Lyndwood, lib. v. tit. 16, ad verbum “constitutis,” p. 327.)

^{page 161 note b} Lib. Y. fo. xxiii. xxvii.

^{page 162 note a} Lib. Y. fo. xiiij.

^{page 162 note b} Mercurius Eustious (1642), 139-143.

^{page 163 note a} A list of the subscriptions and gifts, including a flagon and cup for the Holy Table, is hung up in the Canons' vestry. The room over it was, probably, a reliquary chamber.

^{page 163 note b} Defoe's Tour, i. 204. c Worthies, ii. 385.

^{page 164 note a} See also the Statute De Offensâ in Divinis Obsequiis. Marance was a notice of fine for absence. See my Cathedralia, p. 174.

^{page 164 note b} The modern representative is the chapter clerk.

^{page 164 note c} The treasury, vestry, or sacristy [Frances de Urrutigoyti, De Cathedr. p. 334] is the fine vaulted room, with its original door and iron scroll-work, below Langton's chapter-house. The sacristans were the treasurer's servants. “The vestry coffer where joyelles lyeth” is mentioned in the compotus of 35 Hen. VIII. It has five locks and is of great antiquity, measuring eight feet by twenty inches: it now stands near the north porch. “Acta in thesauraria” are mentioned in 1507. In the “treasury,” in 1466, a prebendary was inducted. (Lib. B, fo. 3. Book of Extracts, fo. 1. Reg. Rede 1402, fo. xxxii.) For illustrations of the chest, ancient screens, and metal work in the cathedral, see , Talbert's “Examples of Ancient Furniture” (1876), pl. 41–43 Google Scholar . The earliest reliquaries were given by Beatrix de Lindfield (1216), “sanctuaria in figura crucis composita.” (Lib. E. fo. xiii.b.) A question usual at visitations was as to the genuineness of the relics exhibited in church. (Ib. fo. 264.) The choir was provided with a “silver bauckette” for holy water. No inventory has been preserved, owing to the raid on the sacristy by the Council of Edward VI. who issued “at Greenwich, May 2, 1553, a lettre to the Commissioners for the sale of churche goodes in Chichester, that if they cannot make sale of thornaments of theyr churche before the day it is prescribed unto them, that then they doo it as shortly as they can, having respect unto his majesties moost advantage.” (Reg. of Council iii. 714.) The Transitional Norman Sacristy (now the Priest Vicars' Vestry) had an oven for baking the hosts. The round chimney remained up to a recent date. The upper rooms may have been those of the “presbyter reclusus”mentioned in Bishop E. Eede's will.

^{page 164 note d} In the fifteenth century the complaint was made “quod Sacristse non pulsant ad minus horit xii^a. in nocte, sivehora ii^a vel. iii^a. nec continuant pulsationes suas ita longo sicut deberent.” (Reg. Storey, fo. 71 b. Quòd sacristæ dimittunt diversis temporibus nocturnis hostia ecclesiæ a media nocte usque manè aperta et inconclusa, in maximum periculum ecclesiæ et rerum ecclesiasticarum. Book of Extracts, fo. 7 b.) Sacriste pro munda custodia ambonum et repurgatione candelabrorum ecclesie, 6 d. (Comp. 35 Hen. VIII.) In 1675, it is said, “the 5 O'clock bell in the. morning and the 8 O'clock bell at night are neglected to be rung, which formerly were observed;” these were the relics of the ringing for the matin mass mentioned in the statutes of the Prebendal School, and the curfew. The tolling of the bells before service was to continue for one quarter of an hour, and the warning to be one quarter of an hour previous. There are eight bells. The tenor is rung before the meeting of the great chapter, and the warner previous to the ordinary service.

^{page 165 note a} In England a triptych usually formed a low reredos and costers at the side, and a dorsal supported on four tall pillars, forming taper-stands, inclosed the altar. (See MSS. in Brit. Mus. Dom. A. xvii. Tib. B. VIII. Add. 1699, fo. 145.) St. Richard ordered a cross to be placed before the celebrant at the altar. Celebret sacerdos cruce anteposita. (MS. Univ. Coll. fo. 90 b.) The eight tapers stood upon a light-beam over the altar corresponding to the rood-beam above the choir door. The customary number and weight of the tapers, which were maintained by 15 marks, paid out of the church of Anna Porta or Amport, were ordered by Bishop Stephen to be observed in 1270. (Lib. Y. fo. clxiv.) Richard Earl ofArundel, in 1187, left 1d. for the light before the altar and 12d. on St. Denys' day; and Savaric, in 1156, by charter, left an endowment for the same light. (Lieger, 125, 128.) Moleyns, Bishop “dedit quosdam pannos ex serico velveto factos, rubei coloris, non minoris pretii, ad ornandum altare summum.” (Harl. MS. 293, fo. 41 b.)Google Scholar Godwin calls them vela. The Computus, 35 Hen. VIII. shows that Lambert Bernard [who, in 1533, received a salary of 3l 6s. 8d.] repaired “the painted cloth of the crucifix over the high altar.”

^{page 165 note b} Lynd. 1. iii. tit. 23, p. 236; tit. 27, p. 253; lib. v. tit. 3, p. 298.

^{page 165 note c} See Othonis et Othobon. Constitutiones, tit. xxii. p. 119. Comp. Lynd. lib. iii. tit. 4, p. 131.

^{page 165 note d} The steps “ex australi parte ecclesiæ”leading towards the vestry (which retains its actual adjunct in a water-drain on the west side of the south arm of the transept) are still in use by the clergy on leaving the altar; as the custom in processions was at the enthronisation of Storey in 1478, and Praty in 1438. The steps open into the south aisle of the presbytery, where there are traces of the lines in the pavement once followed in the processions. This order was confirmed in 1270. (Lib. Y. fo. clxiiii.)

^{page 166 note a} These in other cathedrals were called simples; and, whether they had three or nine lections at matins, were treated as Sundays, and had two rulers of choir. The feasts of first, second, and third class were known also as principal, minus, and inferius duplex. The classification resembled that at St. Paul's. (Reg. S. Pauli, 53, 54.)

^{page 166 note b} Treasurer 1232-1251.

^{page 166 note c} 1479. “Servientes Thesaurarii modernis temporibus vulgariter vocati Sacristæ.” Their duties are thus defined: The close gates were shut at nine in winter and at ten in summer. Immediately before the last peal (finalis pulsatio) for Mattins, Mass, or other office, the choir gates shall be shut by the church porter and securely closed, in order that laymen and others shall not enter, as in times past; but the south door shall be opened, shut, and guarded by the church porter for the ministers of the church at the necessary times. (Reg. Storey, 71, 71b.) The verger in 1616 attended with his virge at the Epistle and Gospel.

^{page 167 note a} “Ordinandi” in another hand is interlined in darker ink by a contemporaneous corrector, no doubt under the Chancellor's direction, and “ornandi”erased.

^{page 167 note b} Hayley MS. 189.

^{page 167 note c} Reg. Praty, fo. 70 b.

^{page 167 note d} “Anone after these thynges” [mass] “we do go into the Chapter House and there we take greate care and do take weighty counseyles by what meanes the servyce of God may be mayntayned, where the lettres of the pensyons do ly hyd, how moch treasure is in the treasure-house, how they may sende money to bringe n i encresse that our canonshyppes might be made the more fatte, and we do also make a newe statute how long season a newe chapleyne or chanon shall receyve no frutes at the begynnynge, that the buyldyng niyght go forwarde by the pensyons.” (Of the olde god and newe. 1534.)

^{page 168 note a} Lib. Y. fo. xxii. xxiii. Hayley MS. 186. Eeg. Praty, fo. 73 b. Val. Eccles. i. 303, 305. Certif. of Chantr. L. n. 2, in Public Record Office. Fundatio Cantariarum. “Semel Cantarista celebrans ad altare S. Annæ.” The date would place this chapel on the north side of the nave.

^{apge 168 b} Val. Eccles. i. 297. Eeg. Praty, fo. 73 b. Lib. Y. fo. cliv. clvi. cliii. Val. Eccles. i. 303. Var. Obs. 68. “Ter celebrans ad Altare B. Thomaæ Martiris, orabit pro animâ Willelmi Decani: et dicet singulis septimanis unam Missam de S. Spiritu, et unam Missam de B. Maria; cæteris diebus dicet Officium quod de defunctis solet, cum Placebo, Dirige et Commendacione.” (Fundatio Cantariarum.)

^{page 168 note c} Certif. of Chantries, L. No. 2. Lib. Y. fo. cliii. clviii. Leiger 146. Var. Obs. 186.

^{page 168 note d} Wills, More, 14.

^{page 168 note c} Var. Obs. 67, 186. Leiger 58. Eeg. Storey 69. Swayne, 182. Val. Eccles. i. 297, 303. Certif. of Chantries, L. “Bis celebrans ad Altare B. Clementis orabit pro animfi, Joh. Cloose nuper decani.”Google Scholar

^{page 169 note a} Leiger, 41, 87. Val. Eccles. i. 297, 303. Certif. of Chantries, L. n. 2. 1478. Quòd decanus removebat unam imaginem S. Ricardi à Capellâ suâ S. Mariæ Magdalense ad Capellam S. Theobaldi, et ymaginem S. Theobaldi posuit extra portam S. Johannis Baptistæ, contra fundacionem ecclesiee et consuetudinem antiquam in magnum prsejudicium ecclesiæ, quia impedit oblationes fieri consuetas in honore hujusmodi ymaginum. (Visit. 1478. Inj. sect. 5. Keg. Storey, fo. 7 b.) Quater, cantarista celebraus ad Altare S. Johannis B. This chapel was on the north side of the Lady Chapel.

^{page 169 note b} Leiger 293. Lib. E. cvii. 228.

^{page 169 note c} 1373. Eeg. Wittlesey, fo. 128, 129. The Cathalogus states that he was buried “apud Wygorniam.”

^{page 170 note a} Rede's Reg. fo. 36.

^{page 170 note b} Reg. Praty, fo. 70 b. 74 b. 77 b. Rede, fo. xxxvii. Reg. Storey, fo. 72. Book of Extracts, fo. 1. Tanner MS. cxlix. fo. 24. Valintine's Guide, 3rd edit. p. 36.

^{page 170 note c} “Bis celebrans ad altare S. Crucis orabit pro animâ Thomæ Decani.” See Stat. De Capellanis Altaris SS. Marias et Augustini. Lib. Y. fo. cxxvi.

^{page 170 note d} Leiger, 251, 256. Var. Obs. 67, 186. Reg. Storey, Visit. Lib. Y. fo. Ixxxviii. Certif. of Chantries, L. n. 2. Val. Eccles. i. 302. Part of a bracket, with the name of St. Augustine upon it, was built into the wall under the Arundel screen, on the north.side of the choir door.

^{page 170 note e} Var. Obs. 67, 186. Swayne MS. 252. Hayley MS. 5. Certif. of Chantr. 50. Storey's Visit. 1480, § 10. Arundel Reg. Lambeth, fo. 149 b. 158. See p. 66, 70.

^{page 170 note f} Rot. Pat. 7 Edw. IV. P. i. m. 15, April 15. Eeg. Storey, Visit. Book B. 230. St. George's Feast was ordered to be observed in 1415. (Lyndw. App. p. 68.)

^{page 171 note a} Lib. B. fo. 230. “Li Charnell Howse.” Chantry was in this chapel. (Compotus of 1544.)

^{page 171 note b} Var. Obs. 69. Leiger 97. By Bishop Storey's foundation, “infra capellam in latere boreali ecclesiæ,” there were four suits for the prebendary of Highley, as celebrant, red, black, white, and green; a chalice, two cruets, a missal, a damask pall, four altar-cloths, and a pall of brodura-Alexandri, which, Cahier says, was brought from Alexandria. (See also Hunter MS. Nominate. Add. MS. Brit. Mus. 24,523, s.v.) Ter celebrans ad altare B. Katarinæ, Agathæ, Margaretæ, et Winifridæ; VV. orabit pro anima Johannis Episcopi II^d. et dicet quotidie Placebo et Dirige et Commendacionem. “When he singeth masse of requiem he hath on a blacke vestment.” (Of the olde god and newe. 1534.)

^{page 171 note c} Leiger 41. Certif. of Chantr. L. n. 2. Val. Eccles. i. 297, 303.

^{page 171 note d} Var. Obs. 41, 67. Lib. Y. fo. xlvi. b. Certif of Chantries, L. n. 2. Val. Eccles. i. 299, 302. “Celebrans ad Altare St. Pantaleonis orabit pro anima Kadulphi episcopi.”

^{page 172 note a} “Ordinamus quod in singulis noctibus à vigilia Omnium Sanctorum usque ad festum Purificationis B. M. V. ad iiij. altaria infra chorum nostræ ecclesie Cathedralis, divinorum tempore, acoendantur iiij. luminaria seposa in nocte; et in festis S. Trinitatis et S. Ricardi accendantur, cum nox est, et continuentur usque ad horam xi^m, viz. ad altare nostrum j. et ex adverso borealiter aliud; iij^m ad altare dom. Eadulphi Episcopi; iiij^m ad altare dom. Edw. Story; quelibet candelarum duret per ij. noctes.” The altar of the Benefactors and Founders was opposite to (“ex adverso borealiter”) Bishop Sherborne's altar “altare nuper erectum super locum sepulturæ nostræ (Stat. r. xxii. b); statim post Missam S. Georgii sonet una campanella ad altare nostrum ad significandum populo quo confluat.” It was the fourth “altar in choir.” We have “Laying of ledd over the Benefactors' aulter xiv d.; ledd upon the ile over the Benefactors' aulter.” (Compotus 35 Hen. VIII.) Secundarius Capellaa B. M. V. ex statutis ecclesiæ tenetur cotidiè celebrare Missam deKequiem pro animabus Benefactorum. (Reg.Praty, fo. 78.) Pro iiij. luminibus super iiij. altaria in Choro lucentibus vj s. viij.d. (Val. Eccles. i. 298.) Infra or extra chorum; in the retro choir, behind the choir-stalls, or retro altare, behind the reredos. The site of Sherborne's altar is still pointed out by two image niches at the north-east corner of the south wing: Storey's and Neville's altars were in the feretory, placed in front of the pillars which face the Lady chapel.

^{page 172 note b} Wills, Hogen, fo. 4.

^{page 172 note c} Hayley MS. 345, 355. Browne Willis has preserved the tradition of the “tomb standing between two pillars on the north side of the altar.” (Cole MS xxviii. fo. 2 b; Mitred Abbeys, ii. 349.) Opposite to Bishop Ralph II. (Neville) on the north side is a monument for Bishop Edmund Storey. (MS. Lansd. 918, fo. 348.) Neville's tomb has been appropriated, only in the present century, to Bishop Day, by affixing a plate on it, engraved by King the artist. Browne Willis says, one in the south wing was “probably a monument for Bishop Day,” (Cole MS. xxviii. fo. 2,) whilst Gough distinctly mentions Neville's monument. (Camden's Britannia, i. 105.) An Iconography, 1656, quoted by Willis, attributes it to St. Richard. (Mitr. Abb. ii. 348.) I printed tht furniture of Sherborne's altar in Gent. Mag. xviii. N.s. 767.

^{page 172 note d} Wills, Blamire, fo. 21.

^{page 172 note e} Leiger 109. Var. Obs. 67, 186. Lib, E. cix. ex. cxi. 200. Val. Eccles. i. 303. Celebrans ad Altare B. Mariæ orabit pro animâ Thome Decani; et celebrabit singulis diebus pro defunctis. Tamen si voluerit potest dicere unam Missam de B. Mariâ; unam eciam de Trinitate; et unam de S. Spiritu singulis septi-manis; dummodò specialem orationem faciat in dictis missis pro animâ Thome Decani; et dicet singulis diebus Placebo et Dirige in ix. lectionibus. For Placebo and Dirige see my Sacred Archæol. s. v.

^{page 173 note a} Certif. of Chantries, L. No. 2. Leiger 89, 39

^{page 173 note b} Lib. Y. fo. cxi. cxiii. cxv. Swayne 433 b.

^{page 173 note c} Rot. Pat. 1 Edw. IV. P. iv. m. 160. Compotus 1479. Swayne 311. Lib. Y. fo. clxxxix. Val. Eccles. i. 297, 302. Certif. of Chantr. Sussex, L. No. 2.

^{page 173 note d} Wilkins's Cone. i. 746.

^{page 173 note e} Lib. Y. fo. clxiv. b.

^{page 173 note f} Test. Falcon. Arnoldson. Eeg. Storey, fo. 94 b.

^{page 173 note g} March 5, 1509. Wills, Bennett, 35.

^{page 174 note a} Walsingham, i. 16. Ann. Mon. ii. 122, Winton; ib. 387, Waverley; iv. 268, Wykes; ib. 470, 471, Wigorn.

^{page 174 note b} MS. Q. R. Wardrobe 8⅓

^{page 174 note c} Add. MS. 24,523, fo. 67. Lib. Contr. Gard. p. 97.

^{page 174 note d} Lib. Y. fo. xiiij⁰. Rymer, torn. i. p. ii. p. 183.

^{page 174 note e} Feretro S. Ricardi j ouche; item capiti ejusdem j ouche auri. (Wills, 1384, Rous, fo. 5.) There were also vicarious pilgrimages. (Wills, 1439. Luffenham, fo. 25.) See also Test. Vet. 51, 68, 326, 726.

^{page 174 note f} Gray's Reg. (Surtees Soc. Publ.) 149. Rym. Fœd. iii, P. 2, p. 720. X. Script, ad ann. 1384. Jo. Arch. Inst. xxxiii. 73. Ang. Sac. i. 525, 527.

^{page 174 note g} 1441. Cantaria ubi caput S. Ricardi ponitur 33s. 4d. item quod esset una cantaria ubi … S. Ricardi scituatur. An Feretri et Reliquiarum custodia viro ydoneo et lionesto sit remissa? [1294. The dean and chapter granted to Roger Capellano ad Feretrum S. Ricardi the chantry there, and assigned to him eight marks a-year out of Mendlesham Church in Norfolk, ad sui sustentaciouem et clerici competentis sibi ibidem deservituri.] Edmund Earl of March, in 1380, bequeathed to Wigmore Abbey a bone of St. Richard Bishop of Chichester. In an inventory of Selborne Priory, in the reign of Henry VI. “j. junctorium S. Richardi, item pecten S. Richardi,” are mentioned, and “ij costæ S. Rioardi” were at St. Paul's. (Lib. Y. fo. liv. b. Reg. Praty 746. Lib. E. fo. 291 b. Art. Inq. in Visit. E. 264. Test. Vet. p. 111. White's Selborne, p. 384. Dugdale, p. 235.)

^{page 175 note a} Comp. Ang. Sac. i. 513.

^{page 175 note b} The nave. The procession met on the platform between the gradus chori and gradus presbyterii, and so proceeded to the Cancellum, the Feretory, “with its costly clausures.”

^{page 175 note c} Reg. fo. 44. See also Grostete's Const, in Brown's Fasciculus, ii. 413.

^{page 175 note d} 3 P. Serm. against Idolatry, 218.

^{page 176 note a} I printed the paper in Gent. Mag. N.S. xviii. p. 355.

^{page 176 note b} Lamb. MS. 577, fo. 73, Draft of Privy Signet or King's Warrant n. 671, Pub. Rec. Off.

^{page 177 note a} Compotus 35 Hen. VIII.

^{page 177 note b} Sussex Arch. Coll. xxiv. 53.

^{page 177 note c} Scil. in victualibua sive in pecuniâ.

^{page 177 note d} Reg. Praty 1441, March 1, fo. 75 b.

^{page 177 note e} Var. Observ. p. 61. No date is given, but it was probably in the seventeenth century. Juxta ritum aliarutn cathedralium volumus ut diebus Natalis Domini, Paschse et Pentecostes Decanus si domi sit, festis vero Circumcisionis, Epiphaniæ, et Ascensionis Domini, item Purificationis B. V., et Omnium Sanctorum et reliquis festis duplicibus prebendarii residentes suo ordine preces divinas et Sacram Synaxim in ecclesia publicè celebrent (Stat. Norwic. 7 Jac. I. cap. xvi. Lamb. MS. 1144. Comp. Stat. Cestr. Lamb. MS. 860. P. ii. 2, and Hereford, c. vii.; Lamb. MS. 736, p. 16.)

^{page 178 note a} There were twenty-nine feasts observed, including St. Richard, April 4 (the morrow), and June 16. Swayne 454. 1314. Quód Festum S. Wilfridi eó devocius quò gentiles de partibus Cicestriæ ad fidem Chriati converterat, in ecclesia Cicestrensi celebretur et pro ii^da dignitate teneatur. (Statuta, lib. E. 186.) It i s a remarkable fact that the only old fragment of glass (in Langton's window) contains the arms of S. Wilfrid, Azure, three suns proper. Cum Festum S. Dionysii (Oct. 9), fuisset omissum propter Festum Reliquiarum quod ipsius die celebratur in ecclesia Cicestr. statutum est et ab omnibus concessum quod in crastino Festi Reliquiarum celebretur et fiat. (Lib. Y. fo. xxiv.) The Feast of Relics of S. Richard, at a later date, was kept as the Feast of the place, or Patron Saint, as usual [J. J. Bond, Handybook of Dates, p. 87, 62] on Sept. 15, at Chichester. It must have been translated, like that of the Dedication; which, in 1682, was still observed as a great festival. At Saium the Feast of the Relics of S. Osmund was kept in July.

In 1294 there was issued Bulla P. Bonifacii de Indulgentiis concessis visitantibus ecolesiam Cicestr. in Festis St. Trinitatis et Translationis St. Ricardi. (Leiger 3.) The last notice of regard for the two principal founders occurs in 1678. An grata et pia fundatorum Wilfridi et Ricardi diebus statutis commemmoratio inter Sacra facta est ? fir. In libro statutorum qui in manibus est non nobis occurrunt hujusmodi dies statuti. (Inq. ad. Visit. Episc. fo. 133, 135.)

^{page 178 note b} One of the questions at

^{page 178 note a} Visitation in 1299 was, An Sanctorum sunt omnes reliquie que in ecclesia exhibentur a catholicis venerande? (Liber E. 264.) Wine was given on the Feasts of St. Edward the Confessor and other days. Pro vino Chorali in die Dedicationis ecclesiae iiij s. vii d., St. Edmundi C. xvij d., Nativitati Domini iij s. vij d., St. Ulstani xvij s., Paschse iij s. iij d., St. Trinitatis iiij s. vij d., St. Pantaleonis ijs. vjd. (Lib. E. cvii. 35 Hen. VIII. Lib. Comp.) And, on state rejoicings, Pro vino dato in Choro Vicariis eo die quo canebatur Te Deum ob victoriam obtentam super Scotos, viz. xxv⁰. die Maii, iiij d. (Comp. 35 Hen. VIII.) Bishop Sherborne, a lover of old custom, made a new ordinance for an annual gift to the dean and chapter: “Comunarius ecclesie cathedralis, in vel circa festum S. Martini in hieme, provideat ad numerum quinariam, ad quartam partem dolii unicuique; et si fuerint quatuor residentes, quinta porcio detur theologo prebendario.” 1670. Pro vino inter decanum et capitulum €5. (Sloane MS. 1677, fo. 9.)

^{page 179 note a} Stat. 1314, lib. E. fo. 186.

^{page 179 note b} 1402. Eeg. fo. xxxiv. b.

^{page 179 note c} The last three psalms, xciii. Ixiii. and lxviii., always recited at Lauds. The “gradus chori” was the step on the east side of the stalls; the western door was closed when the service began; those who were late entered from the south aisle, whilst vicars who arrived before the “Invitatorv”psalm received the “Venite loaf.” The Privileged Ferials were those on which commemorations and the lesser simple feasts were superseded, or, except in a few instances, Doubles were deferred or translated. The proper anthem was a verse of its own psalm which followed, or one selected from Holy Scripture, as a summary having a special application to the day or season as distinguished from the ordinary anthem in the daily psalter. Three lessons taken severally from the Old and New Testament and some patristic commentary followed by their respective responsories (appropriate anthems repeated alternately) were interposed between each portion of the psalms allotted to matins on feasts of nine lections.

^{page 180 note a} Hayley MS. 178. The cob was a cracknel or simnel made of fine flour. It is still given to the canons of the Cathedral at their admission. A cast was a couple of loaves. (See also Stat. De Antiquâ Formâ, below.)

^{page 180 note b} Keg. fo. 8.

^{page 180 note c} In Liber E. “De Absencia.”

^{page 180 note d} See Stat. De Officio Cancellarii. At the Archbishop's Visitation, 1299, the question was put, An Canonici ebdomadarii missas suas celebrent sicut intitulantur, vel vicarii pro eisdem. (Lib. E. fo. 264.) The table was made weekly, and enrolled the rectors of choir, the hebdomadary boys, acolytes, readers, singers of responsories, celebrants, gospellers, and epistolers. Traces of the tabling will be found in the notes to Stat. De Officio Thesaurarii and De Offensâ, and in the existing Ordo Prædicandi. (See also Stat. of St. Paul's, edited by Dr. Simpson, F.S.A. p. 105, and Wells, fos. 11, 15, 73, 80. MS. Lamb. 729.)

^{page 180 note e} Suplere 'is interlined by the corrector.

^{page 181 note a} The succentor. (See Stat. De Stipendio Vicarii Cantoris.)

^{page 181 note b} See Stat. De Pueris in Tertiâl Formâ.

^{page 181 note c} Duty of the Master of the Choristers. Harsnet's Stat. 1611, p. 10. Stat. fo. 14. Decrees of Dean and Chapter 1616, r. 12, 13, 16. Ib. fo. 18, 19.

^{page 181 note d} Reg. Praty, March 1, 1441, fo. 75 b.

^{page 181 note e} Reg. Storey, fo. 8.

^{page 181 note f} Act Book, C. 99 b. Hayley 177. The date is probably of the beginning of the fifteenth century.

^{page 181 note g} See Lyndwood lib. ii. tit. 3, p. 103, ad verbum “officio duplici.” On Doubles the antiphon was sung both before and after the psalm, hence the name.

^{page 181 note h} Festivals of the lowest grade observed on some ferials in each week that might be vacant during certain parts of the year, being feasts of the patron saint, and of S. Mary, kept usually on Saturday if possible. “Memoriæ habentur semel in anno quorum altaria sunt in ecclesia.” (Sar. Proc. R. 3.)

^{page 182 note a} Calaber was squirrels' fur imported from Calabria. Bale mentions “costly grey amices of calaber and cats' tails” (Image, etc. P. III. ch. xviii.) and Hutton (1708) speaks of civic gowns “furred with grey amice,” “and those below the chair with calabre” (New View, i. p. xxxiii.) The latter was a deep brown and cheaper fur and worn by vicars. See Reg. S. Pauli, 322.

^{page 182 note b} At Winchester School the forms are still called books.

^{page 182 note c} Stat. 1314, lib. E. 186.

^{page 182 note d} The Homily speaks of God's house not being a house of hawks and hounds, and the Caroline Divines allude to the scandal of laymen entering church with dogs at their heels. The altar-rails were ordered to be made so close as to secure their seclusion. The dog-whipper I have already mentioned as a recipient of commune-bread. The office existed in several cathedrals. (See my Traditions and Customs, and Cathe-dralia, p. 196.)

^{page 183 note a} Art. Inq. in Visit. 1292. Lib. E. 264.

^{page 183 note b} Reg. fo. lxxix. Infra septimanam Pentecostes et etiam in aliis Festivitatibus fiunt a laicis ludi theatricales in ecclesia …. introducitur in eâ monstrum larvarum …. in SS. Innocentium et aliorum Sanctorum festivitatibus, quæ Natalem Christi sequuntur, vicarii presbiteri diaconi et subdiaconi, vicissirn insanie sue ludibria exercentes, per gesticulationem debacchantes obscenam, divinum officium impediunt in conspectu populi. (1331, 1338, Stat. Wellens. MS. Lamb. 729, ff. 75, 88. Harl. MS. 1682, fo. 21. See Synod. Exon. § 13, Wilkins, ii. 140, and Can. lxxxviii. 1603, my edit. p. 126.)

^{page 183 note c} 35 Hen. VIII. Mimis Dom. Comitis Arundell in ebdomada Nat. dom. hue advenientibus, ut solent, in regardis illis xxd. 2⁰ die Julii mimis et histrionibus dom. Principis hue adventientibus xxd.

^{page 183 note d} Storey's Reg. fo. 8 b.

^{page 183 note e} See Constitutiones Antiques under “Cantor debet,” etc. f “Decem” interlined by the corrector. s Comp. 35 Hen. VIII. Lotrici albarum choristalium vj d. For appareliinge of ij dosen of children's albes ayenste Christemasse viij d. The apparels were ornaments round the neck and cuff.

^{page 184 note a} The notices of the choral service after the Reformation are very few. See Harsnet's Statutes 1611, tit. xxvi. and Art. of Inquiry 1700, ans. 5. (Stat. p. 159.) The following custom is curious and perhaps unique: In the seventeenth century the order was made that “the second anthem after the Te Deum shall be chanted on Litany days, and set on Sundays, Tuesdays, and Thursdays.” “After the first lesson shall follow Te Deum Laudamus, in English, daily throughout the year, except in Lent, all the which time, in the place of Te Deum, shall be used Benedicite omnia opera Domini Domino.” [Eubric 1549.] Anthem i s here equivalent to Canticle, as in the rubric the sentences of Scripture “solemnly sung afore matins” on Easter day are called “these anthems,” and in 1662 “this psalm following [Ps. xcv.] except on Easter day, upon which another anthem is appointed.” It was sung antiphonally and with recitation notes like the psalms on Litany days, and “set forth”in parts to an unrestricted melody or service on Sundays, Tuesdays, and Thursdays.

^{page 184 note b} Eede's Reg. 1402, fo. xxxii. b. A patent to Christopher Payn, master of the choristers, with the chambers in the vicars' cloisters. (Swayne, p. 453 b.) His duties are defined by Harsnet's Stat. 1611, r. 10. “Will Sampson, cantaristse, pro informatione choristarum vs. pro regardo xs.:” a payment was also made “pro pollyng and shavinge of the choristers crounes for vj quarters after viij d, a peece for a-yere. viij s.” (Comp. 35 Hen. VIII.)

^{page 184 note c} In Liber E. temp. Bishop W. Rede, this is called “Item aliee constitutiones ecclesias predicts.”

^{page 185 note a} Chancellor of York from 1236 to 1248.

^{page 185 note b} Wells. (Le Neve, Fasti, i. 159.) Oliver does not mention him at Exeter. See Tanner's Notitia, 31. Browne Willis, Lincoln, 92.

^{page 185 note c} Ut vere retributionis valeant Denarium recipere post laborem …. ne opus Dei fiat ab aliquibus negligenter (Lyndw. lib. iii. tit. 23, p. 226, from S. Matt. xx. 2.)

^{page 185 note d} Missam celebrare non debet aliquis non dictis matutinis. (Lyndw. lib. iii. tit. 23, p. 236.)

^{page 185 note e} “Dieta, i.e. pro uno die.” (Lyndw. lib. iii. tit. 7, p. 140.) A day's journey of twenty miles. (Cowell and Fleta.)

^{page 186 note a} Bishop Praty, 1441, enjoined the dean and chajiter “quòd fiat emendatio residentiæ ità quod Canonicus præsens in Primâ non sit absens nee extra civitatem in prandio; nee præsens in Missâ absens in mensâ; nee praesens in nocte absens in die; nee e contra, propter hominum obloquium et malum aliorum exemplum, quod canonici actualiter residentes multocies pnesentes in Altâ Missa divertunt se extra civitatem ad eorum prandium ad loca propinquiora et vicina civitati, non facientes provisionem pro prandiis vicariorum et choristarum suorum, sicque vicarii et choristæ illis temporibus mendicitatis suffragiis vivere intelliguntur, injungimus quod Resideuciarii prsesentes in Primâ vel Altâ, Missâ ante refectionem congruam pro seipsis et suis ministris ecclesia: non recedant.” (Reg. fo. 71.) Pope Alexander III. ordered an allowance according to Gallican use. (Lib. Y, fo. xviii.)

^{page 186 note b} “Decanus ea quæ pertinent ad olficium suum potest aliis oommittere per se, nee requiritur consensus capituli. Episcopi vel decani dispositio non est libera, quando requiritur consensus capituli, maximè cùm eorum consensus concernat omnes ut singulos et non ut universos.” The Vice Dean is one “ut suppleat vices decani absentes quern deputat decanus loco suo ad tempus, et est remotivus.” (Lyndw. lib. v. tit. 16, p. 327.)

^{page 186 note c} Reg. Praty, fo. 75 b. Inj. March 1, 1441, r. 7.

^{page 186 note d} Lib. Y. fo. clxvij. Praty, Stat. 1441, fo. 72, 75, 76.

^{page 187 note a} Bishop Stratford “recepit juramenta corporalis obedientiæ de subdecano ecclesiæ Cicestr. et deinde de omnibus et singulis vicariis ejusdem ecclesiæ in domo capitulari vi. non. Oct. A.D. 1345.” (Lib. E. fo. 169.) His principal duty as vicarius sive subdecanus is thus defined by the bishop at a visitation: Quod vos subdecanus, ut presbyter parochianus, ex officii vestri debito, preces dominicales pro Fundatoribus et Benefactoribus ipsius ecclesiæ nostræ vivis et defunctis, in ipsâ, ecclesia secundùm antiquam consuetudinem fieri consuetas clero et populo exponere tenemini. (Praty, 75 b.) In 1478 he is cited “inter curatos civitatis et jurisdictionis decani.” (Reg. Storey, fo. 9 b. 71.) And as rector ecclesiæ S. Petri in ecclesia Cicestrensi. (Reg. Rede, fo. xxxvi.) He collected Peter pence in the deanery of Chichester. (Lib. E. 263.) He was styled sub-diaconus sive vicarius Ecclesiæ subdiaconi sive vicariæ S. Petri Majoris in ecclesia Cic. (Val. Eccles. i. 304.) Thus we have the appointment by Cranrner in 1552, “Jacobus Lloid ad subdiaconatum ecclesiam sive Vicariam perpetuam ecclesiæ parochialis S. Petri Majoris infra ecclesiam cathedralem Cices-trensem.” (Reg. Cranmer, fo. 423.) He acted as the epistolar and hence was called subdiaconus; “Subdiacono Cicestriæ pro cantatione Epistolæ dietim in Capella B. M. 8s.” (Val. Eccl. i. 295, 305.) Are the stalls so divided in the quire among the vicars, according to former constitutions, that there is no injury done to the epistolar ? (Visit. Art. 1679.) Can. xxiv. 1603. “In all cathedral churches the Holy Communion shall be administered upon principal feast days, sometimes by the bishop if he be present, and sometimes by the dean, and sometimes by a canon or prebendary, the principal minister using a decent cope and being assisted with the gospeller and epistler agreeably” [in my edition p. 35]. Coinp. Stat. of Hereford. Lamb. MS. 736, fo. 16.

^{page 188 note a} The scribe's error for “deserviit.”

^{page 188 note b} Private masses might be said “post lectum Evangelium majoris misse.” (Lyndw. lib. iii. tit. xxv. p. 238.)

^{page 189 note a} Exequiæ Memoriæ solemnes orationes pro mortuis. (Lyndw. lib. iii. tit. 14.)

^{page 189 note b} Relevia, ordinarily fines, were the payment made by a new canon to the dean and chapter on succeeding like an heir and taking possession of a vacant stall. (Stat. of St. Paul's 59, 115; Comp. Spelman 483; Bracton ii. 36, 3; Cowel; Hale's Reg. of Worcester xlix.) Decanus et Capitulum ecclesise Cicestr. percipient proventus omnium prasbendarum vacantium primoanno. (Reg. Peccham. 1279, fo. 159 b.) See also the Statutes De Proventibus Defunctorum and De Residential!] facturo for the payment of 25 marks.

^{page 189 note c} Thomas of Lichfield, founder of Chantries at the altars of Saints Mary, Augustine, Thomas, and Edmund; he succeeded in 1232. (MS. Harl. 69, 73. fo. 11, 17 b. 18. Univ. Coll. MS. fo. 62. Swayne 252.)

^{page 189 note d} It was “oblatio instar donationis … quæfit in pecunia secundum morem Anglæ.” (Lyndw. p. 21, 185.) Bladum, blé, AS. blæd, is corn.

^{page 189 note e} Wilkins, Con. i. 696.

^{page 189 note f} See also De Proventibus Defunctorum xxxiv. Islip's letter in Gent. Mag. xv. 626, and Lib. Y. fo. xiii.

^{page 189 note g} Stat. 49, lib. E. fo. 181 b. laudabili observanda. Lyndwood defines laudable custom to be “omnis ilia quæ nonest contrafidemvel contra bonos mores, et quas est pia erga Deum et Ecclesiam.” (Lib. i. tit. 3, de Consuet. p. 22. gl. i.) Consuetudo rationabilis et ecclesiæ utilis ideò inviolabiliter observanda. (Lib. iii. tit. 16, p. 187.) In casu statuti novi non esset declaratio antiquorum statutorum hoc prius dicentium, sed potiùs nova ordinatio. Consuetudo est optima legis interpres. (p. 187, ad verb. “involvi.”) And again, Intelligo illam Consuetudinem esse approbatam in quâ concurrunt requisita ad esse consuetudinis, dum tamen sit rationabilis et legitimè præscripta, (ib. tit. xxvii. p. 253, ad verb. 'approbatas.) Jus scriptum statutum et consuetudo æquari videntur. Statuta et consuetudines æquantur. (Lib. i. tit. 15, p. 70, ab verb, “juramento.”) The canons of 1604 require ut ecclesiæ [cathedralis] Statuta et Laudabiles Consuetudines (modò verbo Dei et prærogativce regiæ non repugnent) …. et si quse per episcopum diocesanum, juxta Statuta et Consuetudines ejusdem ecclesiee, ac leges ecclesiasticas hujus regni in visitatione sua legitimè præscribentur, inviolatè custodiantur. (C. xlii. See my edition, p. 65, and for the authority of the Ordo Prædicandi, Canon, xliii.)

^{page 190 note a} This clause is founded on Legatine constitution of the time. See Othoboni, Const. § 34, apud Lyndw. 137. The sacrist by the Wells statute was to prevent marketing in the nave (fo. 60). Quòd in ipsâ ecclesiâ necnon in claustro et cemeterio ejusdem pilarum ludi et mercationes venditioni publicè exponuntur, ex quibus sequuntur perjuria, rixæ, contentiones, verbera et aliquociens hiis pejora ac plurima alia inhonesta exerceantur, etc. (1441, Reg. Praty, fo. 74. See also Reg. S. Pauli, 391, 2.)

^{page 190 note b} See Lyndw. lib. iii. tit. 28; lib. iii. tit. 2, p. 127.

^{page 190 note c} See Lib. Y. fo. clxvii. clxxxiii.

^{page 190 note d} See Stat. De Offensa in Divinis Obsequiis.

^{page 190 note e} Divine Service. “Divina, intellige non solum de missis, sed de aliis officiis, nam omnes horse canonicas appellatione Divinorum continentur.” Lyndw. lib. i. tit. x. p. 53; ii. tit. vi. p. 112.

^{page 191 note a} “Succentoris.” Lib. E. fo. clxxxii.

Quod esset consuetudo quod unusquisque prebendarius, stallo suo vacante, possit unum vicarium ydoneum præsentare decano et capitulo infra mensem, qui staret in probatione in choro legendo et cantando per tempus congruum. et tune præsentetur decano et capitulo per succentorem et unum vel duos de gravioribus vicariorum, qui deponerent decano et capitulo prædictis de ejus habilitate moribus et scientia. (Storey's Inq. 1478, fo. 6.) Stat. De Pueris et De Offensa.

^{page 191 note b} Procurations given at visitations, or a fee paid at the annual synod held by the bishop.

^{page 191 note c} Ernisius de Tywâ was præcentor in 1219 and 1251.

^{page 191 note d} 1700, Book B. fo. 159.

^{page 191 note e} Sc. quotidianæ, loss of the daily penny. Fines.

^{page 191 note f} i.e., try and examine: the term Posers still remains at Winchester, and Appositions at St. Paul's School.

^{page 192 note a} The chaplain of the fraternity who served at St. George's altar received 61. 13 s. 4d. (in the Valor 9l. 3s. 4d), and retired on a pension of 5l. “The mayor's stipendiary or chaplain had yearly 4l. for his living of the said mayor, and besides 6l. allowed to the said mayor and citizens for meat and drink of the said incumbent at the mayor's table by agreement of the dinner (sic.).” (Certif. of Chant. 50, n. 2.) The prebendary of Bursalis paid 1d. a-piece yearly to the four servants of the mayor. Sherborne gave 40l. to the mayor and citizens, in order to relieve the dean and chapter of charges.

^{page 192 note b} “Before Eelyques of Saints upon some goodly and costly pillow, two or four wax tapers are lyghted. … whereas aboute the Sacrament there doeth scarcely one poore candell brynne.” [Of the olde god. 1534.] Bale also mentions “the continued light of lamps before the high altar, the burning cressets at triumphs in the night, the torches at burials and solemn processions, tapers at high mass, and the candles at offerings.” (Image, etc. ch. xviii. p. 537.)

^{page 193 note a} Clarke's MSS. and Addit. MS. 6262, fo. 89, al. 77. A list of Anniversaries of 35 Henry VIII. is in an old act book. I shall give a catalogue of the bishops elsewhere, and have printed a complete Fasti Cicestrenses in the Journal of the British Archaeological Association, vol. xxii, 154; xxiii. 2; and Kalendar of the Registers in Proc. E. S. L. vol. ix.

^{page 193 note b} Dugd. Baron, i. 120. The anniversary seems, however, to have been kept in the second quarter.

^{page 193 note c} Bis celebrans ad altare B. Maria? ad hostium chori, orabit pro anima Joh. Arundel, nuper episcopi. (See p. 170.)

^{page 194 note a} King John had a second chantry which was held in the Chapter Garden without the walls of the city. Radulphus de Nova Villa dedit Ecclesiæ Cicestr. terras vocatas Greylings Well et terram vocatam Boscus Seman. quam habuit de dono Hugonis de Albiniaco comitis de Arundel. Construxit capellam S. Michaelis extra portam orientalem Cicestr. in qua statuit ij. capellanos celebrantes pro anima regis Johannis quorum uterque reciperet vi. marcas annuatim de ecclesia de Slynfolde per manus decani et capituli. The King, Henry III., gave “gardisum nostrum cum pertinentiis suis quod est extra muros civiatis cum capella quse ibidem constructa est, et cum illo loco in quo mortuorum corpora sepulta sunt. Concessit episcopus quod in prædicta capella ij. constituat capellanos divina celebraturos inperpetuum, unum pro salute animse regis Johannis, et alterum pro salute animæ nostrse”(1277). (Hayley MS. fo. 3. Var. Obs. 186. Cathal. Epis. Lib. Y.

^{page 194 note b} Nos considerantes exilitatem dotationis ecclesias dicte, devotionemque ministrorum ejusdem.. in honorem almi confessoris Episcopi Ricardi, cujus corpus et reliquie in dicta ecclesia Cicestren. continentur, pro animabus Henrici IV^ti ac matris nostre ac pro anima bone memorie Nicholai Mortymer, quondam dum vixerat fidelis familiaris nostri, prioratum et prebendam de Wilmington decano et capitulo assignamus, ordinamus et stabilimus duas Cantarias in quadam Capellâ sanctissime Dei genitricis ubi corpus Nicholai Mortymer requiescit humatum … unus capellanus cotidiè celebret niissas … alter capellanorum celebret in IIⁿ Feriâ de Annunciatione Dominica, Feriâ III^a de S. Spiritu, et sic missas illas usque ad diem domini-cam alternando, quo die volumus eorum alterum imperpetuum de Trinitate celebrare. These royal chaplains were to have the first stalls among the vicars in choir “cum almuciis de calabria,” the dean and chapter were to pay 40s. a-year “ad sustentationem Communis Aulse et utensilium vicariorum,” 2 marks to the vicars, and 8 marks to the choristers. (Claus. Eo. Aug. 12, 1414, 1 Hen. V. m. 20. Pat. Eot. 2 Hen. V. p. ii. m. 14.) The chantries are confirmed in Rot. Pat. 1 Edw. IV. m. 20.

^{page 195 note a} Cathalogus Episo. Lib. Y. fo. exxvj. Kishanger, 47, 55. Ann. Mon. passim. Lansd. MS. 431, fo. 8.

^{page 195 note b} Reg. Chichele, 374 b.

^{page 195 note c} Lauffen, near Heilbronn, Wurtemburg, as identified by Mr. E. H. Major, F.S.A.

^{page 195 note d} Lib. Y. fo. clxxvi.

^{page 195 note e} Browne Willis's Mitred Abbeys, ii. 349.

^{page 195 note f} Reg. Courtenay, fo. 208 b: ante ostium Capellae B. M. Virginis, citra illos tres episcopos ibidem sepultos, et inter dom. et confratrem Mag. Thomam Yonge et episcopum inibi in medio sepultum, nuncupatum et in tumbâ ejus sculptatum “Radulphus Episcopus,” et quòd fiat ibidem circa funus meum petrss consoli-datio, et quædam petra de marmore honesto, ad instar dom. Jo. Ambersle ibidem sepultum.

^{page 195 note g} These coffins were opened in 1829 and various articles removed, which are now kept in the library. The stone coffin of Bishop Goisfrid (1089) which was found in the Paradise was removed to the south transept in 1830. (Gent. Mag. c. 447; Daily's Guide, 65.) There are four other slabs, each bearing a pastoral staff laid diagonally on the lid, in front of each of the eastern chapels; one on the south has a mitre; they probably commemorate Stigand, Hilary of Pevensey, John I. and Simon I. (Gent. Mag. xcix. i. 545. Journ. Arch. Inst. xx. 235.)

^{page 195 note h} Segrave's Guide, p. 13. The slab, engraved by King, represents the bishop's hand holding a staff surmounted by a mitre, with veil and fillets, and belongs to the first half of the thirteenth century. It was probably the memorial of Bishop Ranulphus de Warham, who died Sept. 15, 1222; he left an endowment for a dole of bread, which is still given weekly to the poor: twelve quarters of wheat were baked in the seventeenth century.

^{page 196 note a} Ann. Mon. ii. 402, iv. 312. Cepit anno domini MCCLXXXIX. Item dedit Præcentori Ecclesiæ Cicestr. terras in Ovyng quas emit pro cc. libris, ad celebrandum anniversarinm suum singulis annis, et ad distri-buendum pro eodem per manus eommunarii Ivj s. viii d. Item dedit ecclesiæ capellam [the furniture in] suam cum aliis pluribus jocalibus et ornainentis. (Cathalogus Episc. Cicest. Lib. Y. fo. clxii.)

^{page 196 note b} Browne Willis's Mitred Abbeys, ii. 349.

^{page 196 note c} Lib. Y. fo. xl. Bened. Petrib. i. 280, ii. 78. Hoveden ii. 254, iv. 90, iii. pass. Item dedit Ecclesiæ Cicestrensi ecclesiam de Sefford, salvâ prebendâ c. solidorum. (Cathal. Episc. Cic.)

^{page 196 note d} MS. Harl. 6973, fo. 23 b, 6976, fo. 44. Prynne iii. 224. Lib. Y. fo. lxxxxix.

^{page 196 note e} Matt. Par. ii. 139, 327. Fifteen marks were distributed. (Lib. Y. fo. cl.)

^{page 196 note f} Cepit a^° dom. MCC[XLV] acquisivit collationem Vicarie de Stoghton, Conoghton, Clympyng, Collefield, Westfield, et Ikclesham. Item ad opus ecclesie Cyc. dedit ecclesias de Stoghton et Alciston, et jus patro-natus ecclesiæ de Mendlesham, obiit autem iij⁰ die mensis Aprilis A.D. MCCLIII. et cathologo sanctorum ascriptus a dom. Papa die mens. Feb. 12 A.D. MCCLXIJ. Translatus vero fuit in Eccles. Cath. Cicestr. xvj⁰ die Junii A.D. MCCLXXVI. (Cathalogus Episcoporum, Lib. Y.) He died in the chapel of his patron saint, St. Edmund, which he had consecrated at Dover. He used the Ciphus S. Edmundi to cure a boy at Chichester. (Vita, c. vii. Acta Sanctorum ix. 302 E.) Corpus ejus in ipsa ecclesæ coram Altare B. Edmundi Confessoris quod ipsemet ibidem ad aquilonarem ecclesiae partem dedicaverat, in hujusmodi loco sepultum est. (Booking, MS. Sloane, 1772, fo. 59.) “In humili loco,” according to Capgrave and the Vita. (Acta Sanct. ix. pp. 282, 307 D.) Booking, narrating a miracle “ad tumbam,” says it occurred to a paralytic sleeping, “circa horam diei tertiam dum Missa Major celebraretur, super Sancti sepulchrum,” and mentions the Custos Tumbse. (Sloane MS. fo. 61b. Act. Sanct. p. 310 B.) There was therefore no effigy in existence then. The saint's cope and boots cured diseases. (Capgrave, c. iii. Acta Sanct. ix. 282 A, 305 C.) 1253, “Miracula ad Tumbam Ricardi Cic. Epi.” such is the simple remark of Matthew Paris, iii. 139, 327.

^{page 197 note a} St. Richard says in his will, “Lego Corpus meum sepeliendum in majori ecclesia [the Cathedral as in Univ. Coll. MS. fo. 139] in navi ejusdem ecclesiæ prope altare B. Edmundi juxta columpnam.” (Lib. Y. fo. xiiii.) The local term “the High Church”is not yet extinct.

^{page 197 note b} Ang. Sacra, note 1, 497. Comp. Council Register, ii. 240, 251.

^{page 197 note c} Reg. Islip. fo. 185 a.

^{page 197 note d} Leland, de Script. Brit. 454. He was paymaster of the forces. W. Wyrcestre Ann. 477. He died intestate. Reg. Kemp. 180a.

^{page 197 note e} Chichele, i. 423. Carter's Sketch, Add. MS. 29,925, fo. 26.

^{page 197 note f} Reg. Chichele, fo. 277 a.

^{page 198 note a} Reg. Stafford, i. 28 b. Chicheley 463, a. b.

^{page 198 note b} A MS. book in the library contains drawings by J. C. B. (probably Buckler), of all the bishop's slabs and similar memorials on the floor of the church, of which Mr. Valintine at the beginning of this century says: “About sixty years since the. sepulchral stones, some of them of immense size, formerly adorned with brasses under stately canopies, were removed from the choir into their present situations in the nave and side-aisles on the paving of the choir with black and white marble.” Guide, p. 34. These are probably memorials of the Bishops John Clympyng, Gilbert de S. Leofardo, Rede, Ware, Sydenham, and Praty. One is semee with mullets and crescents.

^{page 198 note c} Eeg. Chichele, p. 335.

^{page 198 note d} MS. Harl. 6973, fo. 28, 6976, fo. 42 b, 158 b. Cart. Scacc. Nero E. vi. fo. 157. Eeg. Waltham, fo. 110. Lib. Y. fo. lxxxix.

^{page 198 note e} Lib. Y. fo. Ixxxv.

^{page 198 note f} Capgrave 187. Legavit ad fabricam ipsius ecclesiaa c. li. et totam capellam suam (the ornaments of his chapel) cum multis aliis reliquiis, jocalibus, et ornamentis. Ædificavit magnam fenestram sumptuosam australem ecclesiæ. (Oathalogus episcoporum.) See also page 152.

^{page 198 note g} Hayley MS. 342. These portraits were destroyed by the fall of the spire on Feb. 21, 1861.

^{page 198 note h} Lib. Y. fo. cliii.

^{page 199 note a} Merc. Rust. 143.

^{page 199 note b} Walsyngham, Hist. Angl. i. 307.

^{page 199 note c} Reg. Courtenay, 213-216. Reg. Chichele, p. 277 a.

^{page 199 note d} Simul acquisivit ecclesiæ ecclesiam de Bakchild quam rex Johannes dedit, et acquisivit de eodem rege episcopatui Cicestr. xij. pedes de vioo regio extra muros CEemiterii Cicestr. (Lib. Y. fo. clxxvii. Matt. Par. ii. 102, 113; iii. 222-224.) The houses built on this site along West Street were removed 1848-52.

^{page 199 note e} Blomefield says 28 May, on which day his obit was celebrated at Norwich, where he had been chancellor.

^{page 199 note f} “Dedit cxxx marcas ad fabricam ecclesiæ, et capellam suam integram cum multis ornamentis.” He also gave “Chichester Rents,” houses in Chancery (Chancellor's) Lane, so called after him when he held the great, seal, and fixed the implementum or staurum, the permanent store or stock of the bishops. (Lansd. MS. 431, fo. viii. Cathal. Episo. Cyc. Lib. Y. fo. xliiii. xlvi. li.)

^{page 199 note g} Comp. Lansd. MS. 431, fo. 8, and Addit. MS. 6262, fo. 89.

^{page 200 note a} No doubt his birth or baptismal day. Founders' “Ob.” and “Nat.” are kept at Winchester. Comp. Num. xxxii. 14: Surrexistis pro patribus; and Ep. ad Coloss. ii. 12: “In Christo resurrexistis;” “spiritualis generatio” (Lyndw. p. 244). Comp. prima tabula nos ad portum salutis adducens Baptismus est. (Const. Othob., MS. Univ. Coll. fo. 156.)

^{page 200 note b} Thomas Lichfield.

^{page 200 note c} Dies sanctorum qui celebrantur authoritate diæcesana necnon duplex officium habentes, cum ix. lectio-nibus debent observari. (Eadulphi de Can. Observ. ap. Hittorpium, 457 e.) For feasts of Nine Lections, see Johnson's Canons, ii. 440.

^{page 201 note a} Valintine's Guide, 36.

^{page 201 note b} Stat. 1314, lib. E. 186. The chantries are enumerated under the altars, page 168-173.

^{page 201 note c} In the Chichester copy “episcopi et confessoris.” St. Wolstan, bishop of Worcester, died Jan. 18, 1095. (Ang. Sac. ii. 267-269. W. de Malm. Gest. Pont. 288) Geoffrey was dean 1247-1262. MS. Karl. 6973, fo. 23 b, 6976, fo. 44. Prynne iii. 224. Lib. Y. fo. lxxxxix⁰. See Stat. de Communario. De-positio is laying down the burden of this earthly tabernacle. The St. Alban's Kalendar makes it a feast of three lections.

^{page 201 note d} Interlined.

^{page 201 note e} Lib. Y. fo. clxiij. Eeg. Storey, 1480, r. 4, fo. 7 b.

^{page 201 note f} Lib. Y. fo. lxxxj.

^{page 202 note a} Storey's Keg. fo. 71. See Stat. de Doniib. Canon. Deced.

^{page 202 note b} Lib. Y. fo. 1.

^{page 202 note c} Hostels or houses.

^{page 202 note d} Leiger 24. Lib. Y. fo. xlvi. Swayne 270.

^{page 202 note e} I have printed the document in Gent. Mag. xvi. 286.

^{page 202 note f} Strait entrance and wicket.

^{page 202 note g} Reg, fo. 22 b.

^{page 203 note a} Swayne, 791. Visit. Book, p. 214. Lib. Y. fo. 30.

^{page 203 note b} Var. Observ. 72.

^{page 203 note c} Lib. E. fo. 10.

^{page 203 note d} The same process was followed at Lichfield under Bishop Heywood, at York under Wolsey, at Lincoln under Bishop AInwick, and at St. Paul's. Bishop Mawson in 1742 required that the statutes “shall be submitted by the chapter clerk to the perusal of every new dignitary and prebendary before their installation.” (Stat. Book, B. fo. 217.)

^{page 203 note e} Canonici quoad curam anhnarum subsunt Decano. The dean by the canon law received the confessions of the canons. (Lyndw. lib. v. tit. xvi. gl. f. k. m. p. 327.) Correctio et reformatio delinquentium must be made in the chapter-house. Capitulum potest corrigere crimen canonici de capitulo; decani ecclesiarum cathedralium excessus subditorum quandoque corrigunt et reformant. (Lyndw. lib. i. t. 3. p. 17.) At Lincoln the two rose windows of the transept represented the care of the bishop and the dean, as “oculi duo,” the first inviting the Holy Spirit, the latter guarding against Satan's coming from the sides of the north. (Dimock's Life of S. Hugh, vv. 936-946.) M. de Beaurepaire, l'archiviste de Kouen, in a letter to me, says, “L'on ne connait pas de Statuts du Chapitre de Rouen anterieurs au 13⁰ sie'cle vers 1247.” (The year in which the statutes of Chichester were consolidated.) “On y trouve les articles suivants. Omnes canonici subjacent jurisdictioni Decani et capituli plenarie in omnibus hiis que spectar.t ad officium ecclesiasticum, ad honestatem chori, ad emendationem morum, ad correctionem delictorum. Debent in predictis obedire ei et etiam in citationibus et vocationibus ad capitulum et cum decano et capitulo fideliter stare. Debent Decanus et capitulum animadvertere in delinquentes circa predicta et circa omnia alia; et vacante decanatu tota jurisdictio xesidet penes capitulum.” Stat. De Offensâ and the statute on the election of a dean and the mores in statutes extend to the points mentioned in the constitution. The dean can give leave of absence to a residentiary, and permit the loan of books. He also instals dignitaries and canons on the bishop's mandate. (Stat. De Institutione Canonicorum.) The correction and admonition of Vicars have been alluded to in pp. 181, 190, and below.

^{page 204 note a} Quod hoc importet remitto te ad Ordinale Sarum Ecclesiæ (Lyndw. lib. ii. tit. 3.) The Regimen Chori may be seen in Stat. De Offensâ and Harl. MS. 1001, fo. 121 b. Solet chorus regi omni die dominico, et omni duplici festo, et omni festo ix. lectionum per totum annum: et à primis vesperis Natalis Domini usque ad octavam Epiphaniæ, in ipsis octavis; et per ebdomadam Paschæ et Pentecostes, in festis S. Mariæ, SS. Apostolorum Phillippi et Jacobi, et S. Barnabe Apostoli, et per octavam Ascensionis Domini et in octavâ die Apostolorum Petri et Pauli, etc. At Chichester twenty-nine chief feasts were observed, including commemorations of St. Eichard, April 4 and June 16. (Swayne, 454.) A rubric in the Tropar of MS. Univ. Coll. throws a light on the ritual: “Dominica Tertia in adventu; a tribus presbyteris est cantanda in capis sericis choro respondente, ' Qui regis sceptra.'” (Fo. 32.) It contains sequences and proses (rhythmical anthems or canticles), “carmina,” kyries having sentences interposed between the words Kyrie and Eleison, and “Canticum,” the Gloria in Excelsis for festivals of the first to the fifth class or dignity. The music gives a most interesting example of mediaeval melody in its simpler and also its complex forms. The days of St. Mary Magdalen, St. Dunstan, St. Nicholas, St. Martin, St. Vincent, St. Laurence, Holy Cross, the Translation of St. Thomas M. and the Assumption and Dedication, are festivals now disused. In 1682 the bishop inquired, Anne Festum Dedicationis ecclesiee ad morem festorum majorum ritè celebretur? The tabula, or matricula servicio chori, is mentioned in Stat. de X. Pueris and Stat. de Offensâ.

^{page 204 note b} Bishop Storey founded the prebendal school to relieve him from this duty, and the master of choristers taught the choir boys. At Rouen the chancellor promised “quod per me vel alium audiam lectiones que legi debent in choro: et scolis grammaticalibus hujus ville de sufficiente magistro in artibus providebo, qui nullibi preterquam in domo capituli, prout est consuetutn, poterit regentare.” (Letter of M. de Beaurepaire.) At Lincoln the chancellor's duties have been lately resumed. At Salisbury the chancellor was school-inspector throughout the city. The sub-chancellor became the chapter clerk.

^{page 204 note c} The treasury, or treasure-house, contained the “treasure,” the exchequer, the vessels, the goods, plate, jewels (Lyndw. lib. iii. tit. 26, p. 249; tit. 27, p. 252); “utensils” or cimelia; all necessaries of divine service, consecrated or not (Ib. lib. i. tit. 10, p. 50), and “ornaments” of the church and clergy, precious vestments, and furniture of draperies, and the like. (Ib. lib. i. tit. vi. p. 33; tit. x. p. 52.) The sacristy or Treasury was also under the charge of the treasurer. The sub-treasurer at a later period kept the keys of the library, treasury, and chapter-house. (See the note under the obit of Bishop Langton, and Stat. De Officio Thesaurarii.) Charters, evidences, altar-muniments, and the chapter seal were kept by the chancellor in the muniment room over the chapel in the north transept.

^{page 205 note a} The Archdeacon of Chichester was to preach on Ash Wednesday, and provide oil for chrism and holy oil. (Reg. Rede, 1402, fo. xxxii. b.) For the archdeacon's duties, see Lyndw. lib. i. tit. 10. Tenentur archidiaconi presertim cum sint de corpore capituli ejusdem jura tueri suk jurisdictions et conservare. (MS. Univ. Coll. fol. 4.)

^{page 205 note b} As a student in the university. (See Lyndw. lib. v. tit. iv. pp. 204, 287; lib. v. tit. v. pp. 300, 301, “Per doctoratum desinit quis esse scholaris.”) Comp. De poena non residencium, in lib. Y. fo. xxi.

^{page 205 note c} Si dom. episcopus ecclesias vel capellas prebendarum dedicaverit, nihil ibi percipiunt capellani episcopi, nee alii nisi solus canonicus cujus fnerit prebenda. (Registrum Osmundi, fo. 6.)

^{page 206 note a} Annalia, missæ celebrandas per anni spatium vel aliàs temporaliter. (Lyndw. lib. iii. tit. 23.) Anniversarium certum officium non solum uno die (a year's mind) scilicet, in fine anni, sed etiam omni die per annum dicendum pro defunctis (year-services). (Ib. p. 250.) Exequiæ, solenne officium defunctorum. (Lyndw. App. 25.) Trentals were said on the month's mind xxx⁰ die. (Ib. lib. ii. tit. 5, p. 111.) For Placebo and Dirige, see my Sacred Archælogy, s. v. The obit was the anniversary of decease.

^{page 206 note b} Lib. Y. fo. xiiii. A.D. 1192.

^{page 207 note a} “Famulis” interlined by the corrector instead of “familiis” erased: the household which he maintained “in hospitio sive domo suo.”

^{page 207 note b} Bishop Hilary gave the prebend of Ertham “Eicardo capellano Cyc' ecclesiæ canonico.” (Univ. Coll. MS. fo. 62 b. Lib. Y. fo. xli.) At Kirkwall three prebendaries were called chaplains, and at Lichfield there were five Canon-chaplains in the thirteenth century. See also Reg. Arundel, 242, and Eeg. S. Pauli, 131.

^{page 207 note c} Lib. Y. fo. xiiii.

^{page 208 note a} Storey, Eeg. fo. 5 b.

^{page 208 note b} Book B, fo. 188, following Stat. de Libris. (Lib. Epis. Ant. Evid. 183 b.) The commune of bread was reinforced from several sources; thus, there is Mandatum dom. regis Eicardi (a⁰ regni v⁰) missum Priori de Tortyngton quod reddat Decano et Capitulo Cic. cc. panes, ponderis cujus liber panis Ix. solidorum, et xl. lagenas cervisise qui eis a retro sunt de annuo redditu xl. panum et xxiv. lagenarum cervisise. (Lib. Y. fo. Ixxxiiii.) The commune churches furnishing the common fund were: Bedyngham. (Lib. Y. fo. xlv.) Fristone. (Lib. Y. fo. xlv.) Alcistone given by St. Richard ad opus ecclesiae. Burgham. (Lib. Y. fo. xxxii.) Stocktone or Stoughton given by St. Richard. Bakechild given by King John. (Lib. Y. fo. xxxii. xxxviii.) Seaford given by Seffrid II. (Lib. Y. fo. xxxi.) Firles. (Lib. Y. fo. xlii.) I n the vacancy of the see the dean and chapter presented to Cuckfield, Donington, Alciston, Icklesham, Westham, Bedingham, Friston, Westfield, Cocking, and Clymping. (Lib. Y. fo. clxxii.)

^{page 208 note c} Hilary, bishop of Chichester, 1148-1169.

^{page 208 note d} C. 1150, confirmatio commutationis inter Dec. et Cap. et Monasterium Sagiense de preb. de Sengleton. (Leiger, 88.) Confirmacio Hylarii de præbenda de Sengleton ut ex eâ panes inter ipsos distribuendi conficiantur, ut fiat præbenda, in consequence of a dispute between two canons, both claiming it. (Lib. Y. fo. xxxviii. xxxix. xii.) King Edward I. permitted the church of Chichester to have a free tenure of the prebend in the church of Arundel, quæ facta est de Sengleton, de Estdene et Westdene. (Ib. fo. xxix.) East Dean. Carta confirmationis de Westdene et Estdene. West Dean. Compositio inter Abbatem et Con-ventum de Sagio et Seffridum episcopum de prebenda de Westdene 1150. (Ib. fos. xxxii. and Ix.)

^{page 209 note a} “Et licito” interlined by the corrector.

^{page 209 note b} “Prime is begon, ther must one com forthe armed with a bagge fulle of money to confort such humble and hevye hertes, which same thynge is lykewyse done at Tertia, Sexta, and Nona …. the canons are of a very high minde …. yet theyr mynde is moche set upon hym which walketh about with the bagge of money, to whom after they have humbly put forthe they r hande, then is there no longer any cause of taryenge, for they are exempted but thei do give to these chapleins iiij d. but if masse be begon and the tyme of ofring doeth drawe nere, the chapleins armed every one of them with an ob. [¼] do cast theyr ob. in to the basen kepyng the sudary …. but the masters doo touche the basen with an empty hand…. and making curtesy… go agayne to theyr place.” (Of the olde god, &c. 1534.) Comp. Cardw. Doc. Ann. i. 93. The usual offering was a penny. (Becon's Comparison, p. 18.)

^{page 210 note a} “Stallwages as until 1840” rubricated in the margin.

^{page 210 note b} “Omnium” interlined.

^{page 210 note c} See Stat. de Officiis.

^{page 210 note d} Media nocte psallunt cum cappis et capuciis nigris toto anni tempore excepta septimanâ Paschæ …. deinceps cappas nigras cucullatas superimponunt vestiinento albo…. (Ord. Paris. Martene, i. p. 183.) At Lincoln the canonical habit included superpellicea alba de lineo, almicias de griseo, ac capas de nigro panno laneo. (Stat. p. 44.)

Decanus et canonici omnes amictibus cum superpelliceis albis; cæteri clerici et pueri albis tantum superpelliceis induantur. Ad capas nigras induendas neminem arctare volurnus. (Marian Stat. Dunelm. c. xxxiv. Cotton. MS. Tit. A. xxvi. fo. 258. Lamb. MS. 866 P. ii. fo. 30.)

In a very rare book belonging to my learned friend the Rev. J. Fuller Russell, F.S.A. which was published in London, Jun e 15, 1534, the following curious insight into a choir of that time is given by a disaffected chaplain or vicar. “Besydes a whyte linen surples we do on us a calabre amyce.... So then prime is begen, we are faine to chaung our tune and to take it higher twyes or thries, often tymes even hole iiij partes ad totam quartam. Afterwards do come in our masters and lords of the close covered with gray amyces and havynge on a very white surples of moste fyne raynes or sylke. These men beholding theyr amice of furre (which hath in other countryes a great gyrdle of grene colour hangyng downe with many tasselles and wrethed sylken shredes very thicke).... compasse their head rownd about with a purple tiara, and they have thre or five servauntes waiting upon them, and two chaplayns whiche folow harde at theyr masters heeles. They resorte to the quyer very worshypfully and they doo hyghly honour to the lampe, thei do make greate reverence to the sayntes, and so, after they have once presented and shewed themselves in the chyrche, they go forth of the quyer comyttyng the resydue of the dyvyne servyce to the chapleynes.” (Of the Olde God and the Newe: London, 1534.) John Olde may be the writer's pseudonym.

^{page 211 note a} Haines's Brasses, i. lxxv.

^{page 211 note b} Hayley MS. fo. 5.

^{page 211 note c} See note on Canon lviii. 1603, in my edition, p. 82.

^{page 211 note d} My friend the Rev. J F. Russell, LL.B., F.S.A., points out that the following were still in use in Elizabeth's reign:- “The black chimere, or sleeveless coat, upon the fine white rochet; the horned cap; the tippet; the cope in great churches; silken hoods in choirs upon the surplice; the grey amice with cats' tails; the rector chori; the epistler; the gospeller,” &c. (A Pleasant Dialogue, 1566.) Comp. Bale 527, and note in my edition of the Canons, p. 82. He also mentions the use of the broad scarf in the frontispiece to Cranmer's Catechismus, 1548, Bale speaks of the “fair white rochets of raines or fine linen cloth.”

^{page 211 note e} Vicarii inferiores almuciis sen pileis convenientibus et uniformibus in choro et divino ofEcio super capitibus utantur, et non caputiis; et singulis horis et officiis diurnis et nocturnis intersint jugiter et intendant. (Lib. E. 186, Statuta, A.D. 1314.) The following illustrations of the choral habit occur in a compotus dated 35 Hen. VIII.:-For apparelling of xv men's albes, xiiij d. For eggynge of vi men's albes with sowinge over of the parells unto the same, viij d. For xviij ells of whytted canvass to make albes and aulter clothes for the churche, after viij d. the albe, in toto xij s. ixd.

^{page 212 note a} The upper stalls. I have described the misericords in the Building News 1875.

^{page note b} Nullus clericorum de i^a vel ii^a formâ in choro admittitur nisi auctoritate decani. (Constit. Line. 1212, Wilkins, i. 535.) Quod vicarius Eccl. Well, anno probacionis durante non stet in superiori gradu vel celebret Magnam Missam. (1321, fo. 187.) Martene, i. 136. Quando vadunt ad Evangelium primo vadunt duo clericuli portantes candelabra, et in medio major eorum portans crucem. At Lyons, 1251, twelve chaplains, maintained wholly by the quotidian, were distinct from “minores praebendarii,” six of whom as “vicarii” assisted the major canons at high mass on Sunday. (D'Achery, Spicilegium, i. 718-19.) At Wells “juniores canonici”occupied the second form. In 1407 chaplains celebrated mass at the high altar of Chichester, and this privilege probably distinguished them from vicars. The four sub-canonici of Hereford date only from 1631. (Comp. MS. Laudab. Consuet. fo. 28.)

^{page 212 note c} The rood-loft; on days when the choir was ruled, not as at other times from the lectern. (Comp. Sarum Processional, B. 5, L. 6.) The pulpitum was at this time in the fourth bay of the nave from the crossing, thus inclosing the ritual choir; in which the architecture is earlier and ruder than in the western bays. In the former the tympanum oi the triforium has diagonal masonry, but in the latter a different diaper-pattern in each bay. The Norman nave was thus utilized at Norwich, Winchester, St. Albans's, and other churches. See p. 208.

^{page 212 note d} Lib. Y. fo. xli. Carta Seffridi decani de incenso, 1 b. fo. lxxxix.

^{page 213 note a} See Maskell, Ancient Liturgy, pp. 92, 94-5. For the Elevation see Wilkins, Concilia, i. 132, &c. Fleury, Eccl. Hist. t. xv. p. 580. The Sarum use was not followed at St. Paul's until the fifteenth century. In 1424 Dean Milton bequeathed a Sarum missal to the use of the high altar. (Reg. Chichele, fo. 374 b.) The sequence of colours in Storey's episcopate resembled that of St. Paul's and Exeter.

^{page 213 note b} Reg. fo. 8.

^{page 213 note c} Book B. 184.

^{page 214 note a} In the margin: defaced as a heading before “In Nomine,” etc. Lib. E. 183. Carta G. Decani et Cap. (Lib. Y. fo xiii.) See note to Statute De Cotidianis Distributionibus.

^{page 214 note b} See Lyndw. pp. 64, 152, 155.

^{page 214 note c} Reg. Rede, fo. 45 b.

^{page 214 note d} Reg. 197 a.

^{page 215 note a} Reg. ff. 84 b. 157 b. See also De Ootidianis Distributionibus. Dean Freton in his will, 1383, says, “Solvi prope infra paucos annos quid pro me quid pro predecessoribus meis pro primis fructibus circa ccc marcas.” (Univ. Coll. MS. fo. 206.)

^{page 215 note b} Refunded.

^{page 215 note c} “iniquum” interlined by the corrector.

^{page 215 note d} In the margin.

^{page 215 note e} The communar. See Stat. De Communario.

^{page 215 note f} Var. Chart, in lib. Y.

^{page 216 note a} Remedial virtues, as in Lyndw. lib. ii. t. xvi. p. 189. Othob. t. xxix. p. 128, t. ii.p. 82. S. Aug. Serm. clxxxi. § 7. A remedy at Winchester is dies remissionis.

^{page 216 note b} See Stat. Qui censentur Residentes.

^{page 216 note c} See Stat. De Institutione Canonicorum. Propter inobedientiam possunt subditi eorum beneficiis privari; graviter enim peccat qui obedientiam infringit, præsertim si veniat contra leges sive constitutiones per superiorem ritè et rationabiliter editas et promulgatas, maximè cùm constitutiones ipsæ sint præceptoriæ. (Lyndw. i. tit. ii. p. 11, c. xiv. p. 69.)

^{page 217 note a} Fabrica structura ecclesiæ sive constructio, quæ consistit in parietibus fenestris et tecto. (Lyndw. Provinc.) Fabrica appellatur per quod Ecclesia habet percipiendi reditus tain pro ædificio quam pro ornamentis et aliis necessariis pro cultu divino. (Frances de Urutigoyti, cap. xx. p. 336. Eeg. Islip, fo. 157 b.)

^{page 217 note b} MS. Univ. Coll. fo. 205-18. Institutio quæ collationein sequi debet est idem quod investitura seu ad-missio ad beneficium ecclesiasticum. (Lyndw. lib. iii. t. 6, p. 137.)

^{page 218 note a} The words sacramentum and juramentum solemne as an oath of fealty are regarded as synonyms. (Lyndw. iii. t. 23, p. 233.) Juramentum obliget ipsum jurantem sive fiat per librum sacrorum evangeliorum.... juraturus præstet juramentum ad S. Dei Evangelia per eum corporaliter tacta. (Ibid. pp. 110, 111.)

^{page 218 note b} See Lib. E. 178. Stat. Book, fo. 29, and note on De Communario, p. 214.

^{page 218 note c} Invasor est qui rem alienam alienat. (Lyndw. p. 257.)

^{page 218 note d} See Lyndw. lib. iii. tit. 7, p. 141. Martene, de Ecoles. Kit. i. 152, 154,159, 183. Wilkins, Cone. i. 535. Dugdale's St. Paul's, 350.

^{page 219 note a} Book of Extracts, fo. 14 b; Stat. Book, p. 32.

^{page 219 note b} Stat. fo. 6,1574; Stat. 2.

^{page 219 note c} Stat. Book, fo. 1.

^{page 219 note d} Univ. Coll. MS. fo. 205, 219. Mr. E. A. Bond dates this from about the year 1300. The additions are made from Liber B, 178, and occur in Bishop W. Rede's copy of the Statutes, that is, before 1385.

^{page 219 note e} As at Dean Caurden's installation in 1546.

^{page 220 note a} Majores are the dignitaries, see note, p. 145, and Stat. De Distributione Panis. Comp. Sar. Par. D. 1. II. I.

^{page 220 note b} “et Beati Ricardi.” Book vi. 178.

^{page 221 note a} Added late in the fourteenth century.

^{page 221 note b} Decanus ex officio suo tenetur capituli negocia procurare, unde in decreto cujuslibet eleccionis decanus pater nuncupatur. (Univ. Coll. MS. fo. 4.) Decretum technically means statutum de consilio suorum ad nullius consultationem.

^{page 222 note a} Lib. B. 189. Stat. Book, fo. 57. Not in the Univ. Coll. MS.

^{page 222 note b} Eeg. fo. clxiv. 6. Eeg. fo. 346.

^{page 222 note c} Eeg. Eede, 35, 172. Dean Cloos left a fabric fund of 25Z. [Wills, Moone, 14.]

^{page 223 note a} Stat. 1573, fo. 9, 1611, § 38, fo. 12.

^{page 223 note b} Rot. Pat. 26 Hen. VI. p. 2, m. 4. See Statute De Officio Thesaurarii.

^{page 223 note c} Lib. E. fo. 14.

^{page 223 note d} Reg. Story, fo. 2. Praty, fo. 84. Words in brackets are supplied from Storey's and Praty's Eegisters.

^{page 223 note e} Reg. Storey, fo. 2.

^{page 224 note a} Reg. fo. 2.

^{page 224 note b} Abbates exempti ex eodem motivo exemptionis præcedere debent post episcopos. (Frances, de Urrutigoyti, De Cath. cap. xxxiii. n. 106, p. 608.) Abbatibus pontificalibus indutis et invitatis pro assistentia in processione et missa alicujus festivitatis debetur locus immediate post episcopum. (Scarfantoni, iii. 26.)

^{page 225 note a} Reg. fo. 84.

^{page 225 note b} State Papers, i. 627; Strype, Memor. I. i. 502, App. n. xcii.

^{page 226 note a} Hypocras, spiced and sugared wine strained through a flannel bag called Hippocrates' sleeve.

^{page 227 note a} De Jocundo Adventu, fo. vi.

^{page 227 note b} Reg. fo. 25 b.

^{page 228 note a} Lyndw. Prov. p. 16.

^{page 228 note b} Lib. B. fo. 189, E. 185.

^{page 228 note c} Lib. Y. fo. clxiii.

^{page 228 note d} Reg. Islip, fo. 84 b.

^{page 228 note e} Hayley 167.

^{page 228 note f} Storey's Inj. 1478, fo. 6.

^{page 228 note g} Rot. Pat. 5 Edw. IV. P. 1, III. 24.

^{page 228 note h} Nichols, Royal Wills, p. 213, Reg. Chichele, 275.

^{page 229 note a} Rawlinson MS. 45, fo. x. b. Var. Obs. See also Harsnet's Stat. 1611, r. 9. Pricked-song was music full of flourishes and ornaments as opposed to plain-song. Shakespeare, Rom. and Jul. ii. 4. Middleton, Women Beware, iii. 2. Hawkins, iii. 3. To prick was to note down music.

^{page 229 note b} Var. Obs. 62. Stat. 1314, lib. E. 187. Eeg. Storey, fo. 72. At Exeter in 1343 the caps were black.

^{page 229 note c} Keg Praty, fo. 78.

^{page 229 note d} Book of Extracts, fo. 10 b.

^{page 229 note e} In 1396 we have “Memoriam consensus vicariorum et processus Decani et Capituli ad constructionem Mansionis Communis,” called Commune Mansum by Rede, 1402, when it comprised several chambers and a common hall. (Reg. fo. xxxiii. xxxiii. b.) Charta donationis de Gyldenhall nunc vicariorum episcopo Cicestr. Ricardo Metford occurs in 1385. (Comp. 35 Hen. VIII. Lib. E. fo. 165, 168.) He gave it to the vicars, when it is described as “inter cemiterium Eccles. Cath. Cicestr. ex parte boreali et tenementum R. Sexteyn ex parte australi.”

^{page 230 note a} Statute Book, fo. 59.

^{page 231 note a} A satirical vicar of a cathedral church in 1524 thus describes the singing at this period. “How goodly shryll tonges do sounde daili, here y^e musicians do synge songes of fyve partes. Otherwhiles they do so strayne theyr voyce a over theyr reache as thoughe they wolde be strangled, with in a litle while after they do let their voice fall so lowe that thai woldeste were y^t they dyd wepe; one man singeth on this part, an other singethe on another parte, and by and by afterward they waxe dumbe; anon after one begyneth to crowe, and then foloweth a sounde of a fule voyce, in somoche that often tymes in so great a stryfe and dyversytyes of manyfold voices it doeth seme nacessary to cry peace peace.” (Of the olde gode and the newe.) So Bale speaks of the “fresh descant, pricksong, counterpoint and faburden.” (Image, p. 535.) At S. David's some of the vicars gossipped with idlers behind the pillars or went wandering about the nave, whilst in choir they sang carelessly, “in matutinis et horis canonicis versus psallendo ante alios, per se incipiendo, et post alios, in finibus nimis protrahentes, in medio versus cum sociis diffbrmiter et immo-dice simul non finiunt, sed unusquisque ad votum suum inordinate procedit; verba in missa anticipant, incongrue et sine punctuatione et orthographia debita.” (MS. Stat. Menev. 1368. 1432.) The Statutes of Lincoln contain some beautiful and devout rules for the choir, bidding them sing like angels, as if with one voice and one mouth glorifying God. (Nov. Reg. 63.) Medieval music must have sorely tried the ear and voice, by its unmelodious character and the multiplication of wearisome and unmeaning notes.

^{page 231 note b} Hutton's Visit. 1742, p. 8.

^{page 232 note a} Sloane MS. 1677, fo. 8.

^{page 233 note a} Reg. Rede, fo. xxxiii. Leiger 120.

^{page 233 note b} Reg. Rede, fo. xxxiv. b. Meremium means beams and timber.

^{page 233 note c} The precula was the paternoster or ave beads, the modern rosary (Polyd. Vergil de rer. inv. lib, v. c. ix. p. 337), whence his name, the bishop's Bedeman There was a precarius at St. George's Priory, Dunster.

^{page 234 note a} Wills, Coode, 18.

^{page 234 note b} Tanner MS. 38, fo. 126.